1) a clear biological mechanism for the development and maintenance of antisocial
behavior, demonstrated by david lykken and colleagues, is:
a.an enlarged amygdala
b.overactive frontal lobes
c.reduced overall arousal
d.overproduction of serotonin and dopamine
2) according to _____, people who receive direct emotional support are better able to
cope with stress.
a.social support theory
b.the buffering hypothesis
c.the broaden-and-build theory
d.the emotional trust hypothesis
3) joey can sort objects on the basis of their color, their shape, or both at the same time.
piaget would say that joey is in the _____ stage, because he no longer suffers from the
limitation known as _____.
a.preoperational; egocentrism
b.concrete operational; egocentrism
c.preoperational; centration
d.concrete operational; centration
4) at what age will a baby have a nearly adult level of visual acuity?
a.1 week
b.1 month
c.6 months
d.12 months
5) according to signal detection theory, a persons perception is:
a.an accurate reflection of the presence of a stimulus
b.influenced by both the presence of a stimulus and a judgment about it
c.not an accurate reflection of the presence of a stimulus
d.dependent on the persons sensory threshold
6) for eysenck, the important difference between extraverts and introverts is that:
a.extraverts are chronically overaroused
b.extraverts seek arousal, whereas introverts try to avoid it
c.introverts seek environments that increase their level of arousal, whereas extraverts
seek environments that decrease it
d.the ascending reticular activating system is found primarily in extraverts and rarely in
introverts
7) a mental procedure that focuses attention on an external object or sense of awareness
is called:
a.hypnosis
b.automated behavior
c.meditation
d.concentrative consciousness
8) why is sensory-specific satiety adaptive?
a.it increases the likelihood that nutritional needs will be met.
b.it decreases the likelihood of maladaptive obesity.
c.it increases the likelihood of adaptation to a vanishing food source.
d.it decreases the likelihood of ingesting poisonous substances.
9) what is the strength and direction of the correlation between years in school and iq?
a.weak negative correlation
b.strong positive correlation
c.strong negative correlation
d.no correlation
10) sariah, a high school student, just received a grade of b on a paper. she is very
ashamed that she did not perform according to her high standards. she tells herself,
sariah, you are a really bad studentyou need to study harder. this is simply
unacceptable! she believes that she may not get into college because she is a lazy and
unmotivated person and that her future is doomed. given what we know about the role
of _____ in psychological disorders, sariah is highly likely to develop _____.
a.cognitive processes; generalized anxiety disorder
b.learned helplessness; generalized anxiety disorder
c.cognitive processes; major depression
d.pessimism prototype; depression
11) _____ is not a phase of the general adaptation syndrome.
a.exhaustion
b.resistance
c.alarm
d.nonspecific stress
12) although the technique is not new, _____ has recently been applied with some
success to the treatment of people with schizophrenia.
a.systematic desensitization
b.cognitive therapy
c.empathy training
d.exposure and response prevention
13) hearing voices is an example of:
a.a hallucination
b.a delusion
c.a negative symptom
d.clang speech
14) excitatory signals are _____, whereas inhibitory signals are _____.
a.depolarized; hyperpolarized
b.efferent; afferent
c.hyperpolarized; depolarized
d.afferent; efferent
15) as part of the general testing done in your psychology class, you turn out to be very
high on the trait of self-monitoring, whereas your roommate scores low on this trait.
what should others expect regarding the consistency in your and your roommates
behaviors?
a.your behavior will be more consistent than your roommates behavior.
b.your roommates behavior will be more consistent than yours.
c.it depends strongly on your and your roommates gender.
d.research has found that self-ratings on this trait do not predict behavioral consistency
or inconsistency.
16) a securely attached infant differs from one who is insecurely attached in terms of:
a.what they do when the attachment figure leaves
b.how they respond to strangers
c.what they do when the attachment figure returns after an absence
d.all of the above
17) a group of rats has had an area of their brains damaged, resulting in a disruption of
sexual behavior. the area that was damaged was most likely the:
a.amygdala
b.hypothalamus
c.prefrontal cortex
d.cerebellum