1) which of the following would not be an example of biological constraints rather than
learned behavior?
a.an ant following a food trail through a maze
b.a horse rearing up in order to receive a carrot
c.a raccoon picking up and washing a coin
d.a pigeon flying up and over a wall
2) if people suddenly stopped producing the hormone oxytocin:
a.mothers would bond less with their newborn babies
b.men would become aggressive, whereas women would become prosocial
c.women would become aggressive, whereas men would become prosocial
d.interpersonal attachment would not be affected
3) daiyu is an international student from china who is dating an american student, zach.
which of them is likely to have a more accurate take on the other persons behavior, and
why?
a.zach; he will take personal and situational factors into account
b.daiyu; she will take both personal and situational factors into account
c.zach; he will be able to analyze the personal factors better
d.daiyu; she will be able to analyze the situational factors better
4) all the following changes begin to happen at the start of puberty except:
a.decreases in hormone levels
b.development of primary sex characteristics
c.development of secondary sex characteristics
d.a rapid, hormonally driven increase in height and weight
5) a cognitive map is a(n):
a.analogy for neural representations of learning
b.spatial representation of the environment
c.analogue of the neural net
d.decision treetype process of economic learning
6) many movies involve product placement. for example, the main character in a movie
may drink only dr. pepper. companies pay for product placement because they assume
that it increases the likelihood that audience members will later buy the product. if a
persons shopping is unconsciously influenced by the appearance of a product in a
movie, this effect is likely due to existence of the item in:
a.explicit memory
b.semantic memory
c.implicit memory
d.procedural memory
7) pavlov was interested in how long salivation would occur once food no longer
followed the metronome. what is the name of this behavioral process he studied?
a.salivary reflexes
b.generalization
c.discrimination
d.extinction
8) interneurons communicate:
a.within local or short distance circuits
b.directly on muscles
c.directly on sensory organs
d.with glial cells
9) nkeis decides to buy a small car because it is good for the environment. when she
goes to look at small cars, she is surprised that they come in luxury versions, because
she expected them to be very basic and uncomfortable. nkeis has been using:
a.confirmation bias
b.the framing effect
c.the representativeness heuristic
d.the availability heuristic
10) jodie is a member of a jury that is trying to decide whether to award the plaintiff
$5,000 or $10,000 in damages. while most of the jury favors the smaller award, jodie
favors the larger one. jodie is the last to respond when the foreman polls the jury. what
would make jodie most likely to maintain her own view?
a.there is little discussion before the jury is polled.
b.one other juror votes for the larger award.
c.the other jurors are all male.
d.the other jurors are all female.
11) watsons study of little albert was one of the first studies on what clinical
phenomenon?
a.overeating
b.phobias
c.ocd
d.adhd
12) we cannot see a shade of bluish yellow because:
a.there is no set of cones responsive to combined shades
b.there is no set of cones responsive to wavelengths associated with yellow
c.ganglion cells that are excited by s cones are inhibited by m and l cones
d.ganglion cells that are excited by l cones are inhibited by m cones
13) work on language acquisition with animals has shown that:
a.while chimps lack the ability to speak aloud, they can easily master the key
components of the human language
b.chimps can master sign language but not spoken language
c.chimps are very good at communicating, but they are not able to master the key
components of human language
d.animals have little or no language or communication within their species
14) research suggests that one of the best ways to make a romantic relationship work is
to:
a.avoid conflict in the relationship
b.have a very active sexual relationship
c.validate each others needs and feelings
d.have a clear division of responsibilities
15) johnnys therapy for depression is quite simple: his therapist has asked him to write
down every instance of a negative thought and to challenge each of these thoughts so
they become less automatic. for example, johnny can attempt to gather evidence for his
negative beliefs (which he probably will not find) or he can attempt to view the same
situation from a neutral or even positive point of view. the therapist who is treating
johnny is most like:
a.aaron beck
b.b. f. skinner
c.marsha linehan
d.ellen mayberg
16) the case of the autistic child named james reported in the text reveals:
a.how labor intensive the preferred therapeutic intervention for this disorder is
b.the importance of the structured school setting in a childs recovery
c.that autistic children can function normally if treatment begins early
d.the superiority of drug treatment for the disorder
17) in a psychology study, people are asked which is more likely: an earthquake that
kills 100,000 people or an earthquake in california that kills 100,000 people. far more
people will say that the earthquake in california is more likely, even though there are
clearly more earthquakes than there are earthquakes in california. this way of thinking
is an example of the:
a.confirmation bias
b.framing effect
c.representativeness heuristic
d.availability heuristic
18) pablo is conducting research and trying to determine whether he should monitor the
presence versus the absence of a behavior or how long a behavior occurs. what
approach to research is he most likely using?
a.psychophysiological assessment
b.observational research
c.self-report method
d.experience sampling