1) a double covalent bond is formed when atoms
a) share one pair of electrons (a total of two).
b) share two pairs of electrons (a total of four).
c) swap two pairs of electrons.
d) transfer a pair of electrons from one atom to the other.
e) transfer two pairs of electrons from one atom to the other.
2) arrange the following events in protein secretion in the proper sequence.
1> the polypeptide chain enters the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.
2> a secretory vesicle is formed.
3> a transport vesicle is formed.
4> the polypeptide chain enters the lumen of the golgi complex.
a) 1, 2, 3, 4
b) 1, 3, 2, 4
c) 1, 3, 4, 2
d) 4, 3, 1, 2
e) 3, 1, 4, 2
3) which valves have chordae tendineae?
a) aortic and pulmonary valves
b) bicuspid (mitral) and tricuspid valves
c) valves in veins
d) semilunar valves
e) coronary valves
4) the driving force for blood flow is a(n) ________ gradient.
a) osmotic
b) volume
c) pressure
d) gravity
5) the process of red blood cell production is called
a) erythrocytosis.
b) erythropenia.
c) hemocytosis.
d) erythropoiesis.
e) hematopenia.
6) match the part of the neuron to its description (answers may be used more than
once).
a. dendrites
b. axon
c. cell body
location of voltage-gated ion channels
7) which of these results in a reduced molecule?
a) loss of phosphate
b) gain of phosphate
c) loss of electrons
d) gain of electrons
8) which of the following statements about autoregulation is not true?
a) myogenic response is the intrinsic ability of vascular smooth muscle to respond to
pressure changes.
b) myogenic response is a paracrine signaling mechanism.
c) in tubuloglomerular feedback, stretch-sensitive ion channels open, resulting in
depolarization of smooth muscle cells.
d) in myogenic response, the macula densa cells send a paracrine message to the
neighboring afferent arteriole.
9) crh stimulates the release of
a) acth.
b) cortisol.
c) dhea.
d) msh.
e) none of these answers are correct.
10) diseases that involve the presence of too many white blood cells have been
identified as well as diseases that involve too few white blood cells.
a) true
b) false
11) breathing that involves active inspiratory and expiratory movements is called
a) eupnea.
b) hyperpnea.
c) diaphragmatic breathing.
d) costal breathing.
e) shallow breathing.
12) the brain area acknowledged as the center for emotions is the
a) amygdala.
b) hypothalamus.
c) suprachiasmatic nucleus.
d) pons.
e) cerebellum.
13) an inflammatory response is triggered when
a) red blood cells release pyrogens.
b) t lymphocytes release interferon.
c) mast cells release granules containing histamine and heparin.
d) neutrophils phagocytize bacteria.
e) blood flow to an area increases.
14) match the type of transport with its description.
a. secretion
b. paracellular transport
c. transcellular transport
d. absorption
in one side of a cell and out the other
15) match each term with the appropriate description.
a. peptide hormone
b. steroid hormone
c. amino acid-derived hormone
d. anterior pituitary
e. hypothalamus
f. posterior pituitary
cannot be stored in secretory vesicles
16) the endocrine gland that is a modified sympathetic ganglion is the
a) thyroid.
b) anterior pituitary.
c) posterior pituitary.
d) adrenal cortex.
e) adrenal medulla.
17) select the corresponding category:
a. membranous organelle
b. inclusion
endoplasmic reticulum
18) match the factor with its effect on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
a. increase
b. decrease
increased 2,3-dpg
19) smooth muscle is present in the walls of
a) veins only.
b) arteries only.
c) muscular arteries only.
d) all vessel types except capillaries.
e) all vessel types.
20) if the connection between the av node and bundle of his becomes blocked,
a) the ventricles will beat faster.
b) the ventricles will beat more slowly.
c) the ventricular rate of contraction will not be affected.
d) the stroke volume will increase.
e) tachycardia will occur.
21) discuss the structure of the retina, including any distinguishing “regions.”
22) the secretion of the hormone insulin in response to changes in blood glucose level is
an example of a(n) ________ reflex.
23) the heart is enclosed in the ________.
24) the plasma concentration at which all of the renal carriers for a given substance are
saturated is the ________.
25) ________ are groups of lymphocytes with a specific ligand in common.
26) aqp2 water pores are added to the cell membrane by ________ and withdrawn by
________ in a process known as ________.
27) in your own words restate and explain cannon’s four postulates for maintaining
homeostasis.
28) james made a new years resolution to get healthy so started an exercise plan. early
in the process he noticed that he fatigued quickly. as he continued to exercise regularly,
he noticed that it took longer to fatigue. what change explains the increased endurance?
29) “no brain, no pain” is a cute phrase, but is it true that a brain is required to feel pain?
explain. brain surgery can be performed on awake patients with anesthesia only to the
overlying tissues. does this indicate that “no brain, no pain” is just a rhyme with no
scientific basis? explain.
30) ________ is a condition that causes blurred vision due to the cornea and/or lens not
being smoothly curved and symmetrical.