1) cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in
a) propriospinal tracts.
b) ventral root ganglia.
c) ventral horns.
d) dorsal horns.
e) dorsal root ganglia.
2) type i alveolar cells
a) allow rapid diffusion of gases through their thin membranes.
b) secrete a chemical known as surfactant.
c) are phagocytic.
d) allow rapid diffusion of gases through their thin membranes, secrete a chemical
known as surfactant, and are phagocytic.
e) none of the statements are true.
3) boyle’s law states that gas volume is
a) directly proportional to pressure.
b) directly proportional to temperature.
c) inversely proportional to pressure.
d) inversely proportional to temperature.
e) none of the answers are correct.
4) match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once).
a. ependymal cells
b. astrocytes
c. satellite cells
d. schwann cells
e. oligodendrocytes
f. microglia
cells that form supportive capsules around cell bodies
5) match the term with its description (answers may be used more than once).
a. ependymal cells
b. astrocytes
c. satellite cells
d. schwann cells
e. oligodendrocytes
f. microglia
cells in the pns that form myelin
6) which of the following is the sequence of layers from the lumen to the outer wall of
the digestive tract?
a) serosa, submucosa, mucosa, muscularis externa
b) submucosa, mucosa, serosa, muscularis externa
c) mucosa, submucosa, serosa, muscularis externa
d) submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa, mucosa
e) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
7) the primary stimulus for the release of erythropoietin is
a) hypoxemia only.
b) low oxygen levels in the tissues only.
c) low blood pressure only.
d) hypoxemia and low oxygen levels in the tissues.
e) hypoxemia, low oxygen levels in the tissues, and low blood pressure.
8) a patient has elevated neutrophils and monocytes with normal levels of basophils,
eosinophils, and lymphocytes. which of the following is the most likely cause of these
test results?
a) a chronic bacterial infection
b) an acute viral infection
c) an allergic reaction
d) a fungal infection
e) an autoimmune reaction
9) the most significant difference between a paracrine and an autocrine is
a) the cell that releases it.
b) the cell that responds to it.
c) the method of transport.
d) the route of transport.
e) there are no differencesthey are the same.
10) calculate the pulse pressure for each example listed.
a. a person with a blood pressure of 120/80 mm hg
b. a person with a blood pressure of 130/95 mm hg
11) match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. unchanged
d. stopped
you suck milk through a 6-inch straw and through a 10-inch straw; the diameters are
identical. resistance is ________ in the 10-inch straw compared to the 6-inch straw.
12) match the name of the wave with the correlated event.
a. p wave
b. qrs complex
c. t wave
d. pr segment
e. st segment
atrial depolarization
13) a technique used to resolve contradictory results in scientific studies is
a) meta-analysis.
b) retrospective analysis.
c) prospective analysis.
d) cross-sectional analysis.
e) longitudinal analysis.
14) peroxisomes
a) use an enzyme to destroy h2o2 that is toxic to the cell.
b) are a type of lysosome.
c) are responsible for the atrophy of unused muscles.
d) are sites for synthesis of fatty acids, steroids, and phospholipids.
e) all of the answers accurately describe peroxisomes.
15) a fatty acid that contains three double bonds in its carbon chain is said to be
a) saturated.
b) monounsaturated.
c) polyunsaturated.
d) hydrogenated.
e) carboxylated.
16) the average life span of a red blood cell is
a) 1 week.
b) 1 month.
c) 4 months.
d) 6 months.
e) 1 year.
17) list the four basic processes of the digestive system, and describe each.
18) capillaries lack smooth muscle and elastic or fibrous tissue reinforcement. instead,
their walls consist of ________, supported on a cellular matrix called ________.
19) each olfactory receptor cell extends a(n) ________ into the mucus layer.
20) athletes with chronic energy deficit (energy output > energy intake) tend to have
high levels of cortisol. do you expect their immune systems would be better than those
who are sedentary? explain.
21) activation of a ________ leads to the perception of pain and itch.
22) graded potentials that arrive at postsynaptic neurons are called ________ if they
make that cell less likely to fire.
23) in smooth muscle cells, ca2+ binds to ________ which activates the enzyme
________ to phosphorylate myosin and increase force.
24) the ________ carry blood from the kidneys back to the ________.