1) homesign, studied by goldin-meadow and others, is an example of:
a.a fully developed signed language
b.a pidgin
c.a creole
d.a dialect
2) studies by warren and colleagues indicate that if a speech sound in a sentence is
replaced by a cough, listeners still perceive the sound. this is called:
a.categorical perception
b.phonemic restoration
c.shadowing effect
d.rate normalization
3) according to levelt (1989), there are four major stages in language production. which
of the following is not one of these stages?
a.conceptualizing
b.formulating
c.articulating
d.rephrasing
4) a childs communicative act that involves the use of adults as a means to obtain
objects is a(n):
a.declarative
b.performative
c.request
d.assertion
5) _________ processes prevent speakers from inadvertently producing utterances that
are linguistically and socially unacceptable.
a.agreement
b.self-repair
c.editing
d.phonological bias
6) within cognitive psychology, modularity refers to:
a.the degree of independence of the language system from the general information
processing system
b.the belief that language processing strategies are wired in
c.the notion that working memory, automatic processing, and related concepts play a
major role in language comprehension and production
d.all of the above
7) the motor theory of speech perception:
a.contends that we perceive speech by reference to production
b.states that perception and production operate independently
c.is inconsistent with the notion of a phonetic module
d.focuses on speech dysfluency
8) for a speech act to have effect, _________ must be present.
a.tenor and ground
b.illocutionary force
c.felicity conditions
d.relation and manner
9) hornstein (1985) observed that in comparison with talk between acquaintances or
strangers, talk between friends:
a.included more filled pauses
b.tended to include a single topic of conversation
c.rarely included profanity
d. included more laughter
10) we use _____ to distinguish between the two meanings of blackbird.
a.intonation
b.stress
c.both (a) and (b)
d.neither (a) nor (b)
11) according to carey (1978) by age six, children typically have acquired
approximately:
a.1,400 words
b.4,000 words
c.14,000 words
d.40,000 words
12) studies of counterfactual reasoning in english- and chinese-speaking individuals
have demonstrated that:
a.chinese speakers cannot solve counterfactual reasoning problems
b.english speakers make more errors on counterfactual reasoning problems than chinese
speakers
c.even though the english and chinese languages are so different, speakers of both
languages reasoned in precisely the same way.
d.variations in materials and subjects in these studies have made it difficult to interpret
the results
13) the smallest meaningful unit in language is called a:
a.phone
b.phoneme
c.morpheme
d.phrase
14) in their study of common ground, clark and krych (2004) found that participants
assembled lego models more efficiently when:
a.the directors conversed directly with the builders, but neither could see the other
b. the directors could converse directly with the builders and each could see the other.
c. the directors instructions were audiotaped and the builders could repeat them as often
as they needed
d.the directors could see the builders, but the builders could not see the directors.
15) a young child is thought to be displaying communicative intent if, after waiting
unsuccessfully for an adults attention, she:
a.crawls away crying
b.crawls away without crying
c.rapidly switches focus from one object to another
d.persists in demonstrating attention-getting behaviors such as tugging or pointing
16) the notion that a language determines certain nonlinguistic cognitive processes is
referred to as:
a.linguistic relativity
b.linguistic determinism
c. linguistic differentiation
d. linguistic convention
17) in conversation, typically:
a.turn order is decided ahead of time
b.turn length is decided ahead of time
c.both turn order and turn length are decided ahead of time
d.neither turn order nor turn length are decided ahead of time
18) according to the text, studies of dichotic listening, evoked potentials, and
anatomical studies ___________ that hemispheric lateralization is present at birth.
a.strongly suggest
b.provide extremely weak evidence
c.neither refute nor support
d.clearly refute