1) in order for us to experience the world as a continuous stream of information, one
experience is kept in the brain while we move to the next experience. this overlap is a
function of:
a.short-term memory
b.long-term memory
c.working memory
d.sensory memory
2) if a researcher wants to assess participants feelings at varied times during the day and
in many different locations, a useful methodology would be:
a.experience sampling
b.random selection
c.an experiment
d.a case study
3) eric kandels study of learning in invertebrate animals provided evidence for neuronal
alteration during the behaviors of:
a.habituation and sensitization
b.fight-or-flight response
c.orienting and defensive reactions
d.reward and punishment
4) charles is a 75-year-old male. his family has recently told him that he has changed as
he has aged. if charles is typical of aging people, which of these changes in charless
personality is most likely?
a.charles is more neurotic than he used to be.
b.charles is less conscientious than he used to be.
c.charles is more agreeable than he used to be.
d.charles is more extraverted than he used to be.
5) it is difficult to draw strong conclusions regarding a sensitive period for language on
the basis of genie and other feral children because:
a.it is unclear how old they are
b.their language exposure was minimal during childhood
c.some are abused or neglected
d.they cannot speak
6) until about 6 months of age, a baby:
a.can understand only the sounds of her or his native language
b.can discriminate all the speech sounds that occur in all languages
c.speaks in single words
d.overgeneralizes syntactic rules
7) which of the following statements is most nearly true?
a.nearly all mutations are harmful.
b.nearly all mutations are beneficial.
c.most mutations are either very harmful or highly beneficial.
d.most mutations are benign, with little effect.
8) if you touch something hot, _____ neuronsoften called _____ neuronssend the signal
to the spinal cord.
a.motor; efferent
b.sensory; efferent
c.motor; afferent
d.sensory; afferent
9) how many english words refer to emotions?
a.35
b.150
c.550
d.5,000
10) analogical representations _____ correspond to characteristics of the object that
they represent. symbolic representations _____ correspond to characteristics of the
object that they represent.
a.do; do
b.do not; do not
c.do; do not
d.do not; do
11) dynamic systems theory views development as arising from the interaction between
a child and:
a.the childs cultural context
b.the childs environmental context
c.the childs genetic makeup
d.both a and b
12) kristos has schizophrenia and exhibits only the negative symptoms of the disorder
(lack of speech, lack of movement, etc.). kristos would benefit most from which of
these drugs?
a.lithium
b.clozapine
c.reserpine
d.haloperidol
13) which of the following statements is accurate regarding biological factors in the
development of mental disorders?
a.maternal malnutrition, ingestion of toxins, or other prenatal factors influence whether
offspring develop mental disorders.
b.fraternal twins are twice as likely as identical twins to have the same mental
disorders.
c.brain scans using computerized tomography show functional deficits in almost all
brain regions in people with mental disorders.
d.about 75 percent of people who have a family member with a mental disorder will
develop the same mental illness at some point in their lives.
14) a picture of a carrot is an example of a(n) _____ representation; the word carrot is
a(n) _____ representation.
a.symbolic; analogical
b.analogical; symbolic
c.analogical; analogical
d.symbolic; symbolic
15) extinction of a classically conditioned response involves suppression of that
response by higher brain centers; the conditioned response can be established again
very quickly. the probable mechanism for extinction lies in the path from the _____; the
probable mechanism for reconditioning lies in the path from the _____.
a.thalamus to the amygdala; thalamus to the sensory cortex to the amygdala
b.thalamus to the sensory cortex to the amygdala; thalamus to the amygdala
c.hippocampus to the amygdala; thalamus to the frontal lobes to the amygdala
d.thalamus to the frontal lobes to the amygdala; hippocampus to the amygdala
16) romantic discord is predicted by:
a.mental withdrawing
b.defensiveness
c.contempt
d.all of the above
17) deepa is excessively shy in public and finds it almost impossible to talk to people
she does not know. people think she is aloof, but actually she is terribly afraid that
people will criticize her, and so she dislikes and avoids interacting with others. if she
chose to go into psychotherapy to overcome this problem, the therapist who would
seem least threatening to her would be a(n):
a.client-centered therapist
b.psychoanalyst
c.rational-emotive therapist
d.applied behavior analyst
18) the range and standard deviation are examples of:
a.inferential statistics
b.measures of central tendency
c.types of variability
d.correlational measures
19) larry comes to college absolutely believing that it is wrong to ever drink alcohol.
after a while, he starts to drink very moderately at parties even though doing so makes
him anxious. what would dissonance theory suggest that larry will do and why?
a.decide drinking is wrong but he needs to drink in college
b.start drinking more because of his anxiety
c.stop drinking again to resolve his anxiety
d.decide moderate drinking is not really a problem
20) ichiro is worried because his relationship with his girlfriend seems less solid than it
has been. he cannot really identify a problem, but they seem to be more impatient and
distant with each other. in light of gottmans work, what would you suggest that ichiro
do?
a.see a counselor with his girlfriend
b.have a serious conversation about their relationship
c.show more affection and interest on a daily basis
d.go away for a fantastic holiday weekend together