1) pre-diabetes is a condition that will likely become diabetes if eating and exercise
habits are not altered.
a) true
b) false
2) each of the following factors would increase peripheral resistance except one.
identify the exception.
a) increased sympathetic stimulation
b) elevated levels of epinephrine
c) vasodilation
d) irregularities in the vessel walls caused by plaques
e) factors that cause increased hematocrit
3) lymphoid tissues include
a) thymus.
b) bone marrow.
c) lymph nodes.
d) spleen.
e) all of the answers are correct.
4) which is the correctly written nernst equation?
a) 61/z log [ion]out / [ion]in
b) 61/z log [ion]in / [ion]out
c) log 61/z [ion]in / [ion]out
d) log 61/z [ion]out / [ion]in
5) match the cell type with its description.
a. lymphocytes
b. neutrophils
c. monocytes
d. eosinophils
e. basophils
estimated to reach populations of one trillion in normal adults, most of these cells reside
in the lymphoid tissues of the body. these cells look quite similar to one another under
the microscope, yet function very differently.
6) the ________ are the long peritubular capillaries that dip into the medulla.
7) active expiration is produced by contraction of
a) abdominal muscles only.
b) diaphragm only.
c) internal intercostals only.
d) external intercostals only.
e) abdominal muscles and internal intercostals.
8) mast cells in tissues are considered to be a type of
a) eosinophil.
b) basophil.
c) lymphocyte.
d) monocyte.
e) neutrophil.
9) in order for high force crossbridges to form in contracting skeletal muscle, calcium
must
a) bind to calmodulin to phosphorylate the myosin.
b) phosphorylate the tropomyosin which moves it.
c) phosphorylate the troponin to move the tropomyosin.
d) bind to tropomyosin which moves the troponin.
e) bind to troponin which moves the tropomyosin.
10) compared to skeletal muscle, contraction of smooth muscle cells is
a) only a slower response to a stimulus.
b) only sustained without fatigue.
c) only controlled by the somatic nervous system.
d) a slower response to a stimulus and sustained without fatigue.
e) a slower response to a stimulus, sustained without fatigue, and controlled by the
somatic nervous system.
11) which structure is not part of the blood circulation through the kidney?
a) vasa recta
b) loop of henle
c) glomerulus
d) renal corpuscle
12) a(n) ________ is a substance that consists entirely of atoms with the same atomic
number.
13) define basal metabolic rate (bmr) and list the six factors affecting bmr.
14) cholinergic nicotinic receptors are found in the ________ of the ans.
15) make a map of the integration of muscle reflexes. include the following terms: brain
stem, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, feedback, muscle contraction and movement, sensory
receptors, signal, spinal cord, and thalamus.
16) homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that is sensitive to a
particular stimulus (variable) and a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the
same stimulus.
17) what is dalton’s law? why is it important?
18) write out the nernst and ghk equations, and explain the significance of each. define
equilibrium potential.
19) what are the advantages of using atp as the energy-transferring molecule in a cell?