Which of the following accurately describes H.M.’s memory problems?
a. impaired short-term memory, but not long-term memory
b. impaired procedural memory, but not declarative memory
c. impaired explicit memory, but not implicit memory
d. impaired personal memories, but not impersonal memories
A ____ helps people with emotional distress or troublesome behaviors, sometimes
using drugs or other medical procedures.
a. clinical psychologist
b. psychiatrist
c. neuropsychologist
d. counseling psychologist
Someone who has suffered damage to the sensory component of one spinal nerve would
lose sensation from:
a. the contralateral half of the body.
b. the ipsilateral half of the body.
c. one ventricle.
d. one dermatome.
Early studies taught chimpanzees to use symbols to communicate with a computer and
each other. Which of the following does NOT characterize their use of symbols?
a. They consistently used the same symbol patterns.
b. They frequently made requests.
c. They learned to type messages to other chimps.
d. They frequently used new and original combinations.
Under what condition does orexin motivate animals to eat?
a. right after a meal
b. when approaching starvation
c. in the mornings
d. when insulin levels are high
The ____ connects the anterior parts of the cerebral cortex.
a. posterior commissure
b. anterior commissure
c. hippocampal commissure
d. fornix
What do toothpaste, miracle berries, and Gymnema sylvestre have in common?
a. They are extremely expensive.
b. They modify taste perception.
c. They contain illegal drugs.
d. They activate substance P receptors.
Why do both high levels and very low levels of insulin lead to increased eating?
a. Glucose leaves the blood to be stored as fat.
b. Fat supplies are being rapidly converted to glucose.
c. Little glucose is reaching the cells to be used as fuel.
d. Activity of the taste buds is directly enhanced.
Which effect would be considered to be antagonistic?
a. blocking the synthesis of neurotransmitters
b. stimulating the release of neurotransmitters
c. blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters
d. interfering with the breakdown of neurotransmitters
Sodium-specific hunger is closely associated with:
a. osmotic thirst.
b. hypovolemic thirst.
c. the OVLT.
d. decreased renin release.
What is the name given to the synapse where a motor neuron’s axon meets a muscle
fiber?
a. neuromuscular junction
b. polar junction
c. muscle spindle
d. neurofiber synapse
The most likely result of an amygdala lesion in the most dominant monkey in a group
would be:
a. increased aggression.
b. lack of any emotions.
c. avoidance of all socialization.
d. lowered social status in the hierarchy.
After ischemia, neurons deprived of blood:
a. transform from neurons into glia.
b. lose much of their oxygen and glucose supplies.
c. break down the blood-brain barrier.
d. increase the velocity of their action potentials.
Which neurotransmitter is used by the parasympathetic nervous system?
a. Dopamine
b. Serotonin
c. Acetylcholine
d. Norepinephrine
Perception of a low tone is to ____ as perception of a high tone is to ____.
a. volley principle; frequency theory
b. frequency theory; place theory
c. place theory; volley principle
d. gate theory; frequency theory
Broca’s aphasia is most likely to affect use of the ____ class of words.
a. open
b. closed
c. novel
d. noun
The concordance rate of schizophrenia among twins is:
a. higher in dizygotic than monozygotic twins.
b. higher in monozygotic than dizygotic twins.
c. equally high in monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
d. very difficult to determine.
Facial twitches are most characteristic of which stage of sleep?
a. stage 2
b. stage 3
c. stage 4
d. REM
At the end of the menstrual cycle in women, the levels of LH and FSH ____; the levels
of estradiol and progesterone ____.
a. decrease; increase
b. increase; decrease
c. increase; increase
d. decrease; decrease
Which self-contradiction occurs in people who have had their corpus callosum cut?
a. saying they are not hungry while eating
b. saying they do not know the answer while pointing it out with the left hand
c. writing with one hand but not being able to write with the other
d. suddenly changing from a manic state to depression
Dopamine and norepinephrine are classified as:
a. second messengers.
b. purines.
c. proteins.
d. catecholamines.
When cells in the middle temporal cortex respond to visual stimuli, their response
depends mostly on the:
a. speed and direction of movement.
b. exact shape of the object.
c. color and brightness of the object.
d. exact location of the object in visual space.
Saltatory conduction ____ the velocity of action potentials and ____ the amount of
energy used by the neuron.
a. decreases; decreases
b. decreases; increases
c. increases; decreases
d. increases; increases
L-dopa is most effective:
a. in the early to intermediate stages of Parkinson’s disease.
b. in the late stages of Parkinson’s disease.
c. for females.
d. for either the very young or the very old.
The dopamine system apparently responsible for the symptoms of schizophrenia
projects from the ____ to the ____.
a. midbrain tegmentum; limbic system
b. limbic system; midbrain tegmentum
c. limbic system; hippocampus
d. midbrain tegmentum; basal ganglia
REM sleep has been shown to:
a. inhibit sexual arousal.
b. interfere with new learning.
c. strengthen the formation of new motor skills.
d. strengthen memories for new facts.
Some set points may vary considerably over time in order to respond to changes in the
environment. This adaptability is known as:
a. homeostasis.
b. allostasis.
c. negative feedback.
d. homeothermic.
Which of the following would most likely result in an IPSP?
a. potassium ions entering the cell
b. sodium ions entering the cell
c. chloride ions entering the cell
d. chloride ions leaving the cell
When people were forced to smile, by clenching a pen between their teeth, how did
they rate a cartoon they were reading?
a. funnier than if they were not forced to smile
b. just as funny as when they were frowning
c. not as funny as when they were holding a pen between their lips
d. as frightening
In response to meaningful events, the locus coeruleus releases:
a. norepinephrine.
b. acetylcholine.
c. dopamine.
d. serotonin.
What supports the argument that humans have NOT stopped evolving?
a. Medicine and technology are keeping more people alive these days.
b. More mutations will occur because of increased use of pesticides.
c. Evolution is based on reproduction rates so as long as some people have more
children than others do, their genes will spread.
d. Humans are no longer subject to ‘survival of the fittest.”
The eardrum is also known as the:
a. pinna.
b. ossicle.
c. tympanic membrane.
d. cochlea.
After his surgery, H.M. had the most difficulty with:
a. learning new procedural tasks.
b. remembering events long before the surgery.
c. being able to define new English words.
d. IQ tests.