1) these are weak attractive forces between the nucleus of one atom and the electrons of
another atom close by.
a. van der waals
b. ionic
c. hydrogen
d. covalent
2) passive transport refers to a process that requires
a) no energy at all.
b) no cellular energy.
c) no pressure gradient.
d) no concentration gradient.
e) no electrical gradient.
3) you conduct an experiment on twenty 18-year-old male subjects to see how various
intensities of exercise influence heart rate. which of the following is/are considered a
dependent variable?
a) age of subjects
b) sex of subjects
c) intensity of exercise
d) heart rate
e) more than one of the answers is correct.
4) digestion of a carbohydrate results in large amounts of the monosaccharides glucose
and galactose. this carbohydrate was probably
a) sucrose.
b) maltose.
c) lactose.
d) cellulose.
e) glycogen.
5) autoimmune diseases are an example of a(n) ________ response by the immune
system.
a) lack of
b) overactive
c) incorrect
d) none of the answers are correct.
6) when two or more graded potentials arrive at the trigger zone, which of the following
could happen?
a) an excitatory and inhibitory signal can cancel each other out.
b) two excitatory stimuli may be additive, and summation could occur.
c) two inhibitory stimuli may be additive, resulting in lower excitability.
d) an excitatory and inhibitory signal can cancel each other out and two excitatory
stimuli may be additive, and summation could occur.
e) an excitatory and inhibitory signal can cancel each other out; two excitatory stimuli
may be additive, and summation could occur; and two inhibitory stimuli may be
additive, resulting in lower excitability.
7) interneurons are found
a) only in the brain.
b) only in the spinal cord.
c) only in the cns.
d) throughout the nervous system.
e) only in spinal nerves.
8) which substance is responsible for activating the digestive enzymes inside
lysosomes?
a) air
b) water
c) acid
d) enzymes
e) base
9) the specificity of an antibody is determined by
a) the fixed segment.
b) the antigenic determinants.
c) the variable region.
d) the size of the antibody.
e) the antibody class.
10) match the name of the pathological condition with its description.
a. hereditary spherocytosis
b. polycythemia vera
c. iron-deficiency anemia
d. sickle cell disease
e. anemia
caused by a dietary deficiency, this condition results in red blood cells that are small
and pale.
11) the cervix is
a) homologous to the penis only.
b) the neck of the uterus only.
c) the sensory tissue of the vagina only.
d) homologous to the penis and the neck of the uterus.
e) homologous to the penis, the neck of the uterus, and the sensory tissue of the vagina.
12) a person who suffers from emphysema will exhibit signs of
a) respiratory acidosis.
b) respiratory alkalosis.
c) metabolic acidosis.
d) metabolic alkalosis.
e) none of the answers are correct.
13) what are the three ways co2 is transported in blood? approximately what percentage
is transported by each way?
14) describe the physical protection afforded by the cerebrospinal fluid.
15) in the disease ________, many symptoms are due to destruction of elastic fibers in
the lung.
16) the beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx
forms a ________.
17) the term for chronically elevated blood pressure is ________.
18) there is only one way to lose weight without actually removing a body part:
consume fewer calories than you expend. is this statement true or false? explain, citing
a fundamental law of physics. why is it difficult for many people to lose weight? many
weight-loss gimmicks work. explain why they work, and why they may not work
forever.
19) the potential difference across a membrane or other barrier is a measure of the
________ across the barrier.
20) joey is 6 months old and requires a blood transfusion; his blood type is b. what type
of blood may he receive? is his age a factor in your answer? what would happen if he
received a “wrong” blood type? if joey were younger, is it possible that there is no
“wrong” blood type? why may it surprise a beginning physiology student, familiar with
the basics of immunology, that a person could mount an immediate immune response to
transfused blood? explain all of your answers.
21) the period of time during which an excitable membrane can respond again, but only
if the stimulus is greater than the initial stimulus is the ________.