1) an important criticism of the rorschach inkblot test is that:
a.it identifies too many normal people as psychologically disturbed
b.it works well for women but not for men
c.children cannot be tested with it
d.it reveals unconscious but not conscious motives and conflicts
2) which of the following statements is the best conclusion regarding the mozart effect?
a.there is no data to suggest that listening to classical music improves cognition in any
manner.
b.there is strong evidence to show that listening to classical music makes children more
intelligent.
c.listening to classical music makes children, but not college students, smarter.
d.listening to mozart appears to enhance only certain types of motor skills in college
students.
3) when slight differences in the form of conditioned stimuli still produce the same
conditioned response, the learning phenomenon of _____ is occurring.
a.generalization
b.discrimination
c.second-order conditioning
d.operant conditioning
4) bai is conducting a study on learning. when she manipulates an independent variable,
it is possible that some other factor, such as noise in the hall, can affect learning in one
of the groups but not in the other. this possibility reflects the presence of:
a.a confound
b.a dependent variable
c.selection bias
d.random assignment
5) compared to neurotransmitters, hormones are:
a.chemically different
b.less important for the bodys functioning
c.slower to act and longer lasting
d.unable to bind to target receptors
6) which of the following perspectives suggests that psychopathology results from
interaction between the individual and the culture?
a.family systems model
b.cognitive-behavioral approach
c.sociocultural model
d.none of the above
7) during baseball practice, the third-base coach yells to the pitcher to try a fastball. the
pitcher knows that it is the third-base coach, not the first-base coach, who is talking to
him because the sound of the coachs voice reaches his left ear _____ than his right ear
and is _____ in his left ear than his right ear.
a.later; softer
b.later; louder
c.sooner; softer
d.sooner; louder
8) imagine you are trapped in a cage. every time you press a button, you get a drink of
water. every time you pull on a string, you get shocked. soon, you understand that you
should press the button, but leave the string alone. this example follows the theory of:
a.the law of effect
b.effective learning
c.the law of learning
d.effective law
9) sadao seems to make the same mistakes over and over again. his friends are
constantly telling him, dont do that. remember how badly it turned out the last time! but
sadao never listens. he insists, every time, that this is a new situation. according to
somatic marker theory, sadao most likely has damage to his:
a.amygdala
b.hippocampus
c.frontal lobes
d.prefrontal cortex
10) if you experience intense, uncontrollable fear when you encounter or think about a
specific object, you would probably be diagnosed with:
a.a panic disorder
b.obsessive-compulsive disorder
c.generalized anxiety disorder
d.phobic disorder
11) if a persons hpa axis was inactive, the person would:
a.have an overly active stress response
b.be unable to cope with intense stress
c.experience eustress but not distress
d.not have a stress response
12) which of the following states is not characterized as one of the three components of
happiness?
a.being acknowledged by others as a successful person
b.having meaning in life
c.having positive emotions and pleasure
d.being engaged in life
13) when an experiment lacks the proper control, which of the following unintended
variables can influence the outcome of a study?
a.confound
b.independent variable
c.dependent variable
d.all of the above
14) mr. ahkbar is the principal of a military school that has had only male students. this
fall, for the first time, girls are being admitted. the boys are very hostile to this decision,
and mr. ahkbar is worried that there will be trouble. what would you advise mr. ahkbar
to do to decrease hostility and better integrate the female students into the school?
a.make sure that all classes have a gender balance
b.have an open discussion of the situation
c.have mixed-gender groups work together on projects
d.start with single-gender classes and gradually mix the genders
15) red, green, and blue are the _____ primary colors; when combined, they make
_____.
a.additive; white
b.additive; black
c.subtractive; white
d.subtractive; black
16) which personality trait(s) are seen across all cultures?
a.neuroticism
b.extraversion
c.openness
d.all of the above
17) it could be argued that change blindness is adaptive because it:
a.saves space in working memory
b.prioritizes important information
c.decreases encoding time and effort
d.reduces the need for rehearsal
18) people tend to eat much more from a buffet than they will eat if they order a meal.
given what you know about eating behavior, how might you explain this result?
a.people eat more when there is variety.
b.smaller portions create the illusion of eating less.
c.a subset of a large set of choices seems smaller than it is.
d.people eat more in an unstructured situation.