1) according to the cognitive view of anxiety disorders:
a.anxious individuals have a difference in their brains that predisposes them to develop
anxiety disorders
b.anxious individuals perceive ambiguous or neutral situations as more threatening than
do nonanxious individuals
c.anxious responses may develop when another persons anxious response is observed
and then generalized to other situations
d.anxious individuals choose to perceive the world in a threatening way
2) a friend of yours is in therapy for depression and has been asked to keep a diary of all
her negative thoughts about herself and her circumstances. what is the likely goal of her
therapist?
a.to get your friend to identify problematic thought patterns so they can be modified
b.to highlight the defense mechanisms that cause id/ego conflict
c.to increase self-concept congruence
d.to outline the rewards and punishments needed to change her behavior
3) the nature in the nature/nurture debate refers to:
a.biological factors affecting the brain, the mind, and behavior
b.environmental factors affecting the brain, the mind, and behavior
c.either biological or environmental factors affecting the brain, the mind, and behavior
d.behaviors learned in the natural environment but not learned in a formal setting
4) in considering the relative contributions of genes and environment, most scientists
would agree that:
a.environment plays the more important role in shaping behavior
b.only genes shape behavior
c.social context has little effect on behavior
d.genes and environment interact to determine behavior
5) as discussed in the text, banduras study of childrens play habits with the bobo doll
provided evidence that:
a.learning is dependent on consequences
b.meme-based learning can be transmitted observationally
c.aggressive behavior can be learned through observation
d.intracranial self-stimulation can activate reward circuits
6) approximately what percentage of children develop what ainsworth called a secure
attachment style?
a.15 percent
b.25 percent
c.45 percent
d.65 percent
7) miriam believes she is not attractive. as a result, she wears drab clothes and no
makeup. whenever a man shows interest in her, she thinks he is just being kind. miriams
behavior is an example of a(n):
a.attributional bias
b.self-serving bias
c.self-fulfilling prophecy
d.personal stereotype
8) using logic to draw conclusions from general events about specifics is an example of:
a.inductive reasoning
b.deductive reasoning
c.both a and b
d.neither a nor b
9) chance is a young boy with autism. recently, his parents have discovered a way to
treat his disorder and have begun training in applied behavior analysis. upon beginning
this treatment with their son, which of the following complaints might they have?
a.chances social skills will not have improved at all even though his sensory abilities
will have increased.
b.chance will still score very low on iq tests despite the intensive treatment, meaning he
will still be in special classes at school.
c.there will be a large amount of time required from the parents to implement the
treatment.
d.chances attentional capacity will still be so limited that they will need to train him at
least 80 hours a week until he is age 10 or older.
10) which of the following statements regarding the brain during sleep is not correct?
a.sleep is an altered state of consciousness.
b.the brain shuts down during sleep.
c.complex thinking can occur during sleep.
d.conscious experience of the outside world is largely turned off during sleep.
11) which of the following patients would benefit most from psychoanalysis?
a.a person recently diagnosed with schizophrenia who is in an acute psychotic episode
b.a low-functioning person with depression in need of immediate behavioral change
c.a person with antisocial personality disorder
d.a young person who cannot separate emotionally from his parents and who is
experiencing an identity crisis
12) obsessive-compulsive disorder is best treated through the use of:
a.systematic desensitization
b.exposure with response prevention
c.the medication lithium
d.all of the above
13) in a jigsaw classroom, students:
a.form new ingroups to break barriers between existing outgroups
b.compete with ingroup members and cooperate with outgroup members
c.study the customs of the members of their outgroups
d.must cooperate with both ingroup and outgroup members
14) women in developing countries (e.g., india) experience more _____ than women in
developed countries.
a.mania
b.depression
c.obsessive-compulsive disorder
d.specific phobias
15) your neighbor is upset because you borrowed his car without asking him. he is
distressed because borrowing a car without asking is not part of our social:
a.schema
b.attribute
c.prototype
d.concept
16) an ames room is constructed so that the two back corners seem to be equidistant
from the front of the room, when the right corner is actually much farther away.
someone first sits in the left corner and then sits in the right corner. to an observer in the
front of the room, that person will seem _____ when she or he is sitting in the right
corner.
a.farther away
b.closer
c.smaller
d.bigger
17) in the nervous system, each neuron communicates with:
a.one or two other neurons
b.a random subset of the other neurons in the nervous system
c.many other neurons in an organized network
d.all the other neurons in the nervous system