1) which of these does not increase the risk for cardiovascular disease?
a) being a male over 30 but under 55
b) being a female over 30 but under 55
c) having a sister with coronary artery disease
d) menopause without estrogen replacement therapy
e) having diabetes mellitus
2) a typical action potential of a myocardial contractile cell lasts ________
millisecond(s).
a) less than 1
b) 1-5
c) 50-100
d) at least 200
e) at least 500
3) which of the following transporters are known to transport thyroid hormones into
target cells?
a) casr (calcium sensing receptor)
b) trpv6
c) sodium-iodide symporter
d) mct8
e) mineralocorticoid receptor
4) the term hyperkalemia specifically indicates too much potassium in which fluid
compartment?
a) blood
b) intracellular
c) interstitial
d) extracellular
e) all of the answers are correct.
5) during increased exercise,
a) vasoconstriction occurs at the active skeletal muscles.
b) venous return increases.
c) cardiac output decreases.
d) stroke volume decreases.
e) all of the answers are correct.
6) metabolism is a term that describes
a) all work done by a living organism.
b) all chemical reactions that take place within an organism.
c) only chemical reactions that release atp from living cells.
d) the energy released from chemical bonds in living cells.
e) the extraction of nutrients from biomolecules.
7) match the bipotential structure with its gender-specific result.
a. urethral folds and groove
b. gonad cortex
c. gonad medulla
d. wolffian duct
e. mllerian duct
shaft of penis
8) if a 10% sucrose solution is separated from a 20% sucrose solution by a membrane
impermeable to sucrose, in which direction will net movement of water occur?
a) from the 10% sucrose solution to the 20% sucrose solution only
b) from the 20% sucrose solution to the 10% sucrose solution only
c) there will be no net movement of water in this case.
d) from the 10% sucrose solution to the 20% sucrose solution and from the 20% sucrose
solution to the 10% sucrose solution
e) none of the answers are correct.
9) during heavy exercise, the atp requirements of active muscle are likely to be met by
metabolism of
a) protein.
b) fatty acids.
c) carbohydrates.
d) nucleotides.
10) polymers are a typical formation of ________ molecules.
a) organic
b) inorganic
c) either organic or inorganic
11) in order for a lymphocyte to respond to an antigen, the antigen must
a) be phagocytized by the lymphocyte.
b) enter the cytoplasm of the lymphocyte.
c) bind to the dna of the lymphocyte.
d) bind to specific receptors on the lymphocyte membrane.
e) depolarize the lymphocyte.
12) match the part of the neuron to its description (answers may be used more than
once).
a. dendrites
b. axon
c. cell body
supported by satellite cells
13) graded potentials that arrive at postsynaptic neurons are called ________ if they
make that cell more likely to fire.
14) you are part of a research team designing a robot for competition. your robot needs
to be able to respond to painful stimuli like stepping on broken glass. what type of
human control system will you model your robot’s after and explain your reasons for
choosing it.
15) ________ is known as insulin-resistant diabetes.
16) ________ proteins attach loosely to other membrane proteins or polar regions of
phospholipids.
17) factors playing a role in fatigue can be classified into 2 categories. define those two
categories and provide an example of each.
18) explain the general chemical structure for monosaccharides and amino acids.
19) parturition is the process of ________.
20) all molecules secreted by nerve cells (neuromodulators, neurotransmitters, and
neurohormones) are known as ________.
21) ________ is characterized by a decreased surface area for gas exchange in the
lungs.
22) if the concentration of an endocrine ligand decreases, the target cell may insert
more receptors into the cell membrane in an attempt to keep its response at a normal
level, in a process known as ________.