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Which transporters in the proximal tubule are polyspecific and transport small
molecules of drugs and toxins to the ultrafiltrate?
A.water transporters
B.renal aquaporins
C.organic anion transporters
D.toxiporins
Cardiovascular changes resulting from moderate exercise include
A.increased total peripheral resistance.
B.increased blood flow to the skin.
C.increased visceral blood flow.
D.decreased stroke volume.
Active transport carriers are also called
A. vesicles.
B. channels.
C. pumps.
D. receptors.
To induce full cellular effects, thyroid hormones also require the actions of
A. adrenocorticotropin.
B. melatonin.
C. 9-cis-retinoic acid.
D. somatomedins.
The __________ separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
A.lungs
B.liver
C.rib cage
D.diaphragm
A person with a decreased blood pressure, rapid pulse, and cold clammy skin would be
suffering from
A.peripheral edema.
B.hypovolemic shock.
C.myocardial ischemia.
D.atherosclerosis.
What is the cause of pituitary cachexia?
A.over-secretion of growth hormone in adults
B.over-secretion of prolactin in adults
C.deficiency of growth hormone in adults
D.deficiency of growth hormone in children
How many different amino acids are known?
A.10
B.25
C.30
D.20
Which drug acts to inhibit the reuptake of dopamine and amphetamines into the nucleus
accumbens in the forebrain?
A. alcohol
B. amphetamines
C. cocaine
D. opiates
Chromosomes are lined up at the equator of the cell during this stage of mitosis:
A.prophase
B.anaphase
C.metaphase
D.telophase
Which of the following is NOT an explanation for how one gene can produce more than
one protein?
A. posttranslational methylation and phosphorylation
B. different groups of polypeptides associating to make different proteins
C. various cuts and splices of mRNA
D. different carbohydrates bonded to the protein
As bile is produced, it drains into
A.bile canaliculi.
B.hepatic veins.
C.the central vein.
D.sinusoids.
The study of how disease or injury alters physiological processes is termed
A. comparative physiology.
B. the scientific method.
C. pathophysiology.
D. anatomy.
A net total of ______________ molecules of ATP are produced by glycolysis.
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
Pulmonary arterioles _____ and system arterioles _____ when PO2 is low.
A.dilate, dilate
B.dilate, constrict
C.constrict, dilate
D.constrict, constrict
In the cerebrum, the _________ matter is generally superficial and the _______ matter
is deep.
A.white, gray
B.gray, white
The primary drive to breath is elicited by which of the following:
A.reduced PO2.
B.reduced PCO2.
C.increased PO2.
D.increased PCO2.
Damage to the lower motor neurons would induce
A.spastic paralysis.
B.clonus.
C.Babinski's sign.
D.flaccid paralysis.
Phagocytosis of pathogens would be enhanced if
A.the number of monocytes in the blood increased.
B.Kupffer cells were destroyed.
C.the number of neutrophils in the blood increased.
D.The number of monocytes or neutrophils in the blood increased.
Excessive amounts of porphyrin heme groups in the liver is toxic and is called as
porphyria.
Hypothyroidism in adults causes
A.Grave's disease.
B.myxedema.
C.cretinism.
D.Cushing's disease
The process by which cells secrete cellular products into the extracellular environment
is
A. phagocytosis.
B. endocytosis.
C. exocytosis.
D. pinocytosis.
Slow twitch fibers have a ______ oxidative capacity and ________ glycogen content.
A.high, high
B.high, low
C.low, low
D.low, high
When an atom gains one or more electrons, it
A.becomes positively charged.
B.has no change in its charge.
C.is called an anion.
D.is called a cation.
_____________ is a secreted enzyme that destroys bacteria.
A.Chemotaxin
B.Complement
C.Lysozyme
D.Interferon
The major stimulus for the secretion of HCl during the cephalic phase of gastric
regulation is
A.the smell of food.
B.vagal stimulation of chief cells.
C.release of histamine by ECL cells.
D.vagal stimulation of parietal cells.
What hormone is important in adaptive thermogenesis?
A.calcitonin
B.thyroxine
C.insulin
D.MSH
The binding of toll-like receptors on dendritic cells and macrophages to LPS from
bacteria stimulates the secretion of
A.cytokines.
B.complement.
C.PAMPs.
D.peptidoglycans.
Colostrum provides infants with _____________ immunity.
A.active
B.innate
C.passive
D.direct
Specialized epithelial cells that line the urinary bladder that allow distention are called
A.transitional epithelium.
B.stratified cuboidal epithelium.
C.simple columnar epithelium.
D.nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
Which of the following is a difference between veins and lymphatic vessels?
A.three layers of cells
B.valves
C.lymph nodes
D.peristaltic waves of contraction
Metabolic rate can be measured by the
A.amount of heat generated by the body.
B.heart and respiration rates.
C.amount of oxygen consumed by the body.
D.amount of heat generated and the amount of oxygen consumed by the body.
Membrane enclosed organelles containing oxidative enzymes that form hydrogen
peroxide are
A.lysosomes.
B.centrosomes.
C.peroxisomes.
D.chromosomes.
Na+ moves by _____ from the filtrate into the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule.
A.active transport
B.Na+/K+ pump
C.diffusion
D.pinocytosis
