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1) which bases below are purines?
1. adenine
2. cytosine
3. guanine
4. thymine
5. uracil
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1, 3, and 5
d) 1 and 3
e) 2, 4, and 5
2) the beta cells of the pancreas produce
a) insulin.
b) glucagon.
c) renin.
d) cortisol.
e) digestive enzymes.
3) these result when two atoms share a pair of electrons.
a. van der waals
b. ionic
c. hydrogen
d. covalent
4) the hormone primarily responsible for the milk let-down reflex is
a) progesterone.
b) oxytocin.
c) prolactin.
d) estrogen.
e) growth hormone.
5) which of the following is not a method of hormone action?
a) control of enzymatic reaction rates
b) control of ion or molecule transport across cell membranes
c) control of electrical signaling pathways
d) control of gene expression and protein synthesis
e) all are methods of hormone action.
6) symptoms of the fight-or-flight reaction include all of these except
a) hunger.
b) pounding heart.
c) sweating palms.
d) increased blood pressure.
e) pupillary dilation.
7) transcellular transport of intestinal calcium is accomplished by entry into the
epithelial enterocytes via
a) a sodium-iodide transporter.
b) osteoclasts.
c) apical calcium channels (trpv6 = ecac).
d) casr (calcium sensing receptor).
e) an amino acid transporter (mct8).
8) which of the following is not a property of single-unit smooth muscles?
a) all smooth muscle cells are connected by gap junctions.
b) their contraction occurs in a coordinated manner.
c) electrical responses travel directly between cells.
d) only a proportion of the smooth muscle cells receive autonomic nervous input.
e) each cell functions independent of its neighbor.
9) the hair cell of the cochlea is depolarized when the stereocilia are bent
a) in any direction.
b) towards the smallest stereocilia.
c) towards the tallest stereocilia.
d) towards the middle stereocilia.
e) hair cells are not depolarized by bending of the sterocilia.
10) match the stimulus to the type of receptor that typically responds to it.
a.chemoreceptor
b.mechanoreceptor
ph
11) immunoglobulins that are the first antibodies to be produced in response to infection
are
a) iga.
b) igd.
c) ige.
d) igg.
e) igm.
12) the atkins and south beach diets are considered ketogenic because
a) type i diabetics use them.
b) they cause the body to burn calories from non-carbohydrate sources.
c) they shift one's metabolism to increased levels of glycolysis.
d) they have the potential to increase the body's ph.
e) they require people to eat large quantities of ketones.
13) left ventricular pressure is higher than pressure in the aorta during
a) atrial systole only.
b) ventricular diastole only.
c) ventricular systole only.
d) atrial systole and ventricular systole
e) all of the answers are correct.
14) the most primitive region of the cerebrum is probably the
a) limbic system.
b) basal nuclei.
c) corpus callosum.
d) reticular system.
e) pons.
15) the upper respiratory tract includes all except which of the following?
a) nasal cavity
b) lungs
c) trachea
d) larynx
e) mouth
16) the actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are
a) bronchioles.
b) alveolar ducts.
c) pleural spaces.
d) alveoli.
e) terminal sacs.
17) which artery/arteries branch(es) is/are most proximal to the beginning of the aorta at
the heart?
a) hepatic
b) renal
c) coronary
d) carotid
e) pulmonary
18) sensory neurons that maintain their firing as long as the stimulus is present are
called ________.
19) what do virus-infected cells and cancer cells have in common, related to the type of
immune response and its long-term effectiveness?
20) name two functions of cholecystokinin.
21) describe or diagram the basic pattern of a biological signal transduction pathway.
22) cerebral capillaries are surrounded by ________ and glial cells and have tight
junctions that create the ________.
