1) cholinergic muscarinic receptors are found at the ________ in the ans.
2) list and explain the three types of substances transported by the blood. what is the
source of each type?
3) the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway begins with secretion of ________ into
the ________ and transported to the ________.
4) based on your knowledge of the structures of the eye and visual pathway, propose
several possible causes for blindness. how does the disease glaucoma fit in this scheme?
5) essential nutrients are those that our cells require but cannot make, and thus they
must be present in the diet. only some amino acids and some fatty acids are essential.
what does that suggest about extreme diets that eliminate fats or proteins? what does
that suggest about our carbohydrate intake? describe the typical american diet, in terms
of relative amounts of ingested carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids. propose
some explanations for why one of those is predominant.
6) ________ is any molecule that binds to another molecule.
7) nobel prizes were awarded to the discoverers of g proteins, the g protein-coupled
adenylyl cyclase-camp system, and nitric oxide. summarize each of these, and explain
the importance of these discoveries to our understanding of signal pathways.
8) sharon “gets the wind knocked out of her” during a skiing accident in which she
attempted a jump and landed hard on her feet before tumbling over. she is conscious but
breathing is labored, and she complains of pain and shortness of breath. the first
aid-trained ski patrolman that comes to her aid determines that sharon has no broken
bones, nor is cns injury likely. he places tiny tubes at her nostrils that blow air (with
higher than normal percentage of oxygen) into her nose then places her on the
snowmobile, and takes her to the first aid tent. why is sharon’s breathing labored? how
does the high-oxygen air help her condition?