1) match the type of signal to its description (answers may be used more than once).
a. graded potential
b. action potential
c. both
require(s) a minimum stimulus to occur
2) classify each scenario below as to primarily which type of work is being done.
a. chemical work
b. transport work
c. mechanical work
wound healing, recovering from surgery
3) which parameters are associated with increased resistance?
a) reduced flow
b) reduced friction
c) increased blood vessel diameter
d) decreased viscosity
e) decreased length
4) match the transport process to its description.
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion
c. both
d. neither
a form of mediated transport
5) the largest carbohydrate molecules are called polysaccharides because they are
composed of ________ molecules bonded together with one another.
a) amino acid
b) nucleotide
c) purine
d) pyrimidine
e) sugar
6) a molecule that prevents substance p from binding to its receptor would
a) stimulate a painful sensation.
b) reduce the perception of pain.
c) alter the perception of hot and cold stimuli.
d) interfere with transduction from chemoreceptors.
e) heighten the perception of touch.
7) intestinal crypts
a) only increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine.
b) only carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood
capillaries.
c) only produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine.
d) only function in the absorption of nutrients.
e) increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine and produce new cells
for the mucosa of the small intestine.
8) which cellular organelle is considered the powerhouse of the cell?
a) endoplasmic reticulum
b) golgi apparatus
c) mitochondria
d) nucleus
e) ribosome
9) plasma is mostly
a) water.
b) blood cells.
c) proteins.
d) organic molecules.
e) ions.
10) match the part of the neuron to its description (answers may be used more than
once).
a. dendrites
b. axon
c. cell body
make(s) proteins necessary for repair of damaged neuron
11) the process by which dissolved gases are exchanged between the blood and
interstitial fluids is
a) pulmonary ventilation.
b) external respiration.
c) diffusion.
d) cellular respiration.
e) breathing.
12) receptor molecules are located
a) only in the outer cell membrane.
b) only in the cytosol.
c) only in the nucleus.
d) only on the cell surface.
e) in all of these places.
13) reactive hyperemia is triggered by
a) local accumulation of paracrines due to reduced blood flow.
b) reflex contraction of smooth muscle following a period of dilation.
c) stress and the hormones released during stress.
d) toxins or allergens, such as bee venom or pollen.
e) none of the answers are correct.
14) you are looking at a slide of an unknown organ that has an empty lumen with
stratified squamous epithelium contacting the lumen. deep to the epithelium is a
basement membrane and then two layers of smooth muscle. which of the following
organs would this most likely belong to and why?
a) the intestines because they need to move food along and absorb digested products.
b) the liver because it secretes enzymes and bile and needs to move them to the
gallbladder.
c) the esophagus because it is a passageway that needs to move but not absorb food
products.
d) the urinary bladder because it needs to stretch and constrict to store and eliminate
urine.
15) the inability to remember newly acquired information is called
a) discombobulation.
b) anterograde amnesia.
c) short-term amnesia.
d) implicit amnesia.
e) retrograde amnesia.
16) osteocyte
a. cartilage
b. destroys bone matrix
c. loose connective tissue
d. fat
e. maintains bone matrix
17) the explanation for how atp bonds are actually formed during oxidative
phosphorylation is called
a) the krebs hypothesis.
b) the second law of thermodynamics.
c) the proton principle.
d) the chemiosmotic theory.
e) murphy’s law.
18) what are the three common causes of hypercortisolism?
19) venules are similar to capillaries: they have ________ epithelium and little
________. they are distinguished from capillaries by ________.
20) list the components of the uterus, including the layers of the wall. briefly explain
the function of each.
21) your study partner is having difficulty understanding dense fibrous connective
tissue, tendons, and ligaments. explain to her how they are related to each other and
how they are different from other categories of connective tissue.
22) compare and contrast penetrating solutes and non-penetrating solutes.
23) which membrane transport process(es) is/are abnormal in people with cystic
fibrosis? what is the consequence of the abnormal transport? which organ systems are
affected? how is this disease treated? how long do cystic fibrosis patients normally live?
what are some of the possible causes of death related to this disease? what is the cause
of cystic fibrosis?
24) mike has classical hemophilia, a clotting disorder, but his case is considered “mild.”
contrary to popular belief, mike doesn’t usually have problematic bleeding episodes
related to cutting himself; a more severe problem for him would be brought on by a
sprained ankle or by having a full body impact, like falling off a horse and landing hard
on the ground, injuries considered “closed.” with what you have learned about blood
coagulation, can you explain how this could be so? assuming mike is lacking factor viii,
which pathways does he depend on?
25) compare and contrast innate and acquired immunity.