1) someone who is interested in studying age-related developmental changes as they
unfold over time would likely use what type of descriptive design?
a.naturalistic observation
b.participant observation
c.longitudinal study
d.cross-sectional study
2) the variable that a researcher manipulates in an experiment is called the:
a.independent variable
b.dependent variable
c.confounding variable
d.stimulus
3) mohamed is experiencing a large amount of work stress lately, but his coworkers are
helping him cope with the stress by encouraging him and telling him how much they
appreciate his hard work. these circumstances are a good example of:
a.hardy friendships
b.the social networking hypothesis
c.positive stress
d.the buffering hypothesis
4) personality is most likely a _____ trait.
a.dominant
b.recessive
c.polygenic
d.amorphous
5) research on parental influence and peer influence:
a.suggests that only parents have a strong influence on a childs development
b.supports the position that parents have less of an impact than previously thought
c.suggests parents and peers play complementary roles in a childs development
d.suggests that parents have little to no effect on child development
6) according to the sociocognitive theory, hypnosis is:
a.a trancelike state
b.a dissociative state
c.an act
d.none of the above
7) which of the following children would have the most difficult time making
social-emotional connections with other children?
a.tommy, who has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
b.willey, who has a disruptive behavior disorder
c.chad, who has obsessive-compulsive disorder
d.corey, who has autism
8) which of the following psychologists is most closely associated with the cognitive
revolution?
a.george miller
b.b. f. skinner
c.sigmund freud
d.william james
9) contemporary thinking about the role of the amygdala in emotion is that the path
from the thalamus to the amygdala _____ , and the path from the thalamus to the
sensory cortex to the amygdala _____.
a.evaluates whether a threat exists; prepares someone to respond
b.prepares someone to respond; confirms whether a threat exists
c.selects a response; determines if that is the appropriate response
d.determines if that is the appropriate response; selects a response
10) katya prefers to be in calm and quiet environments. she feels nervous and exhausted
when she is in loud places with noisy people. in fact, she admits she would rather spend
almost all her time alone. in katya, the _____ is more active than the _____.
a.bis; bas
b.bas; bis
c.bis; reticular formation
d.bas; reticular formation
11) each eye sees more of the world on its own side of the visual field. a combination of
the views from the two eyes provides humans with an adaptive advantage by creating a
broader panorama of the scene. it also creates the depth cue of:
a.linear perspective
b.motion parallax
c.occlusion
d.disparity
12) diego is telling his roommate about his lab partner in chemistry. because his lab
partner is a straight a premed student, diego believes he is quiet and spends most of his
time studying rather than having fun. since diego is drawing conclusions from a
stereotype, his roommate should _____ diegos description because stereotypes _____.
a.ignore; are inaccurate
b.accept; are generally true
c.ignore; come from prejudices
d.be cautious about; may or may not be accurate
13) the idea of reciprocal helping applies best to which of the following situations?
a.a student helps her lab partner with a difficult assignment.
b.a father helps his daughter improve her soccer skills.
c.an aunt helps her niece make her wedding gown.
d.an uncle helps his nephew with his taxes.
14) the theories of sigmund freud and his followers:
a.are based on the idea that much of human behavior is determined by mental processes
operating below the level of conscious awareness
b.emphasize the functions served by the mind
c.emphasize the concept that the whole is different than the sum of its parts
d.state that behavior can be altered by the application of reinforcement and punishment
15) dr. ramos, a psychiatrist, treats many adolescent patients who suffer from
depression. she often treats these patients with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors,
such as prozac. if she would like to add a treatment component that has been shown to
improve outcomes for adolescents, she should recommend both prozac and:
a.dialectical behavior therapy
b.client-centered group therapy
c.exposure and response prevention
d.cognitive-behavioral therapy
16) _____ in eysencks hierarchical model measures the same trait that is called _____
in the five-factor theory.
a.conscientiousness; openness
b.psychoticism; agreeableness
c.openness to experience; extraversion
d.emotional stability; neuroticism
17) cross-cultural research on emotions conveyed by facial expressions shows that:
a.some facial expressions are universal, suggesting a biological basis
b.some facial expressions are not universal, suggesting a cultural basis
c.all facial expressions are universal, suggesting a cultural basis
d.all facial expressions are not universal, suggesting a biological basis