1) match the condition with its description.
a. giantism
b. kyphosis
c. moon face
d. myxedema
e. goiter
easily observable symptom of hypercortisolism
2) phasic receptors
a) are quick to adapt to a particular stimulus intensity.
b) slowly decrease the frequency of action potentials generated to a constant stimulus.
c) are attune to parameters that the body must continuously assess.
d) once threshold is reached by a stimulus will always generate action potentials.
3) match the bipotential structure with its gender-specific result.
a. urethral folds and groove
b. gonad cortex
c. gonad medulla
d. wolffian duct
e. mllerian duct
epididymis
4) homeothermic refers to
a) natural treatments or remedies.
b) shivering.
c) regulating body temperature within a narrow range.
d) warm relationships with others of the same gender.
5) match each term with its definition.
a. cardiac output (co)
b. heart rate (hr)
c. end-diastolic volume (edv)
d. stroke volume (sv)
e. end-systolic volume (esv)
the amount of blood in the ventricle available to be pumped out of the heart during one
contraction
6) match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. unchanged
d. stopped
the blood pressure in a vessel is 20 units at point a and 10 units at point b. one minute
later, the pressure is 15 units at point a and five units at point b. flow between those
points is ________.
7) in the lungs, an example of the body’s reserve capacity is that
a) some areas of the lung can be closed off during rest and opened again when needed
during exercise.
b) capillary beds in the lungs are reversibly collapsible, allowing blood to be shunted to
additional areas during exercise.
c) pulmonary blood flow is completely under the control of the autonomic nervous
system, dilating arteries and arterioles to adjust blood flow.
d) all of the statements are true.
e) none of the statements are true.
8) photoreceptors secrete the neurotransmitter
a) acetylcholine.
b) norepinephrine.
c) glutamate.
d) dopamine.
9) which of the following occurs during days 6-14 of the menstrual cycle?
a) ovulation
b) menstruation
c) proliferative phase
d) secretory phase
10) a cell that is permeable to solute x is placed into solution containing a higher
concentration of x. diffusion occurs until equilibrium is attained. at this time,
a) there is no further movement of solute x across the membrane.
b) there is no further change in concentration of solute x.
c) both of the statements are correct.
d) neither of the statements is correct.
11) which of the following statements is true about gi muscle contractions?
a) phasic contractions last only seconds and occur in the stomach and small intestine.
b) tonic contractions are sustained for minutes and occur in the small intestine.
c) cycles of smooth muscle contraction and relaxation are associated with fast wave
potentials.
d) contractions of the smooth muscle do not depend on calcium.
e) none of these statements are true.
12) the ciliary muscle helps to
a) control the amount of light reaching the retina.
b) control the shape of the lens.
c) control the production of aqueous humor.
d) move the eyeball.
13) exocrine glands
a) may make either mucous or serous secretions.
b) release their secretions into the external environment.
c) release their secretions through open tubes, called ducts.
d) may work as single cells or as a multicellular organ.
e) all of the statements are true.
14) match each hormone with its primary source.
a. prolactin
b. insulin
c. aldosterone
d. melatonin
e. calcitonin
f. epinephrine
adrenal medulla
15) in the membrane of a resting nerve cell, when chemically gated cl- channels open,
a) cl- ions enter the cell.
b) cl- ions leave the cell.
c) the cell becomes depolarized.
d) cl- ions enter the cell and the cell becomes depolarized.
e) cl- ions leave the cell and the cell becomes depolarized.
16) it modifies proteins and packages them into secretory vesicles for export from the
cell.
a. gap junction
b. tight junction
c. anchoring junction
17) branches that sometimes occur along the length of an axon are called
a) dendrites.
b) axon terminals.
c) collaterals.
d) axon hillocks.
e) synapses.
18) define and explain the difference between isotonic, isometric and eccentric
contractions and give an example of a specific movement for each. what is the role of
series elastic elements in muscle contraction?
19) define and describe the mechanism of myogenic autoregulation.
20) what is the difference between hemostasis and homeostasis, or are they the same?
21) you and your lab partner use a living nerve and muscle preparation to study muscle
contraction. when you stimulate the nerve electrically, the muscle contracts; why? when
you turn off the stimulator but add a high concentration of caffeine to the fluid
surrounding the tissues, the muscle contracts; why (speculate on possible
sites/mechanisms of action)? when curare (which blocks neuromuscular transmission)
is added with caffeine, contraction occurs; why (speculate, and how does this alter your
previous answer)? can you identify a single site of action from this information? if not,
what additional experiment would narrow your choices?
22) explain how the mutant agouti mouse is proving useful as a model for
obesity-related disease.
23) the ________ is a “housekeeping function” that sweeps food remnants and bacteria
out of the upper gi tract and into the large intestine.
24) carl is suffering from hypothyroidism. how could his physician determine if his
symptoms result from problems at the level of the hypothalamus and pituitary or at the
level of the gland itself?
25) a chemical that is secreted by a cell to act on cells in its immediate vicinity is called
a(n) ________.
26) an intracellular signal molecule that translates a signal from a neurotransmitter or
hormone into an intracellular response is called a ________.