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In Freud's view, an individual experiencing neurotic anxiety feels:
a. he has behaved in a manner that is inconsistent with his moral code.
b. a realistic threat is present in the environment.
c. he will not be able to control his instincts and will behave inappropriately.
d. guilt associated with past actions.
The technique of intensifying experiences and integrating conflicting feelings is
associated with:
a. Gestalt therapy.
b. person-centered therapy.
c. existential therapy.
d. reality therapy.
Behavior therapy practitioners focus on directly observable behavior, current
determinants of behavior, learning experiences that promote change, tailoring treatment
strategies to individual clients, and rigorous assessment and evaluation.
a. True
b. False
From a multicultural perspective, classical analysis may display all of the following
characteristics except:
a. discourage clients who do not hold upper-middle-class values.
b. be problematic for clients from cultures that prefer a directive approach.
c. underscore the role of important cultural and political factors in the client's world.
d. ambiguity is notinherent in most psychoanalytic approaches.
Mindfulness involves judgment and careful evaluation of one's thoughts.
a. True
b. False
Existential therapy is:
a. a deterministic approach to therapy.
b. an expansion of the Adlerian school of therapy.
c. a phenomenological approach to therapy.
d. a structured approach to therapy.
_________is at the core of feminist therapy and marked by authenticity, mutuality, and
respect.
a. The person is political
b. The egalitarian relationship
c. The women's way of knowing
d. A focus on strengths and a reformulated definition of psychological distress
The role of the leader in solution-focused therapy groups is not:
a. to set the tone of focusing on solutions.
b. to provide clients with simple solutions to their problems.
c. to create a setting where the client feels resourceful and capable.
d. to skillfully ask questions to guide clients to finding solutions to their problems.
Wubbolding extended the theory and practice of reality therapy with his
conceptualization of the:
a. reality theory.
b. choice theory.
c. WDEP system.
d. quality world.
Culturally encapsulated counselors would be most likely to:
a. use their power to influence clients to accept or adopt their value system.
b. have an appreciation for a multicultural perspective in their counseling practice.
c. recognize the cultural dimensions their clients bring to therapy.
d. accept clients who have a different set of assumptions about life.
The general goals of behavior therapy are:
a. fostering self-actualization.
b. expanding self-understanding and insight.
c. assisting clients in making value judgments concerning their behavior.
d. to increase personal choice and to create new conditions for learning.
A contribution of this therapeutic approach is:
a. it enables intense experiencing to occur over a long period of time.
b. it can be a relatively long therapy.
c. it stresses talking about problems, as opposed to doing and experiencing.
d. the exciting way in which the past is dealt with in a lively manner by bringing
relevant aspects into the present.
The systems perspective implies:
a. individuals are autonomous and independent of their families.
b. the external environment is the most powerful influence on an individual's
development.
c. individuals are best understood through the context of their role in their family.
d. systematic intervention is required to deconstruct an unhealthy family interaction
pattern.
Focusing on the______"protects" clients from facing the reality of unsatisfying present
relationships, and focusing on symptoms does the same thing.
a. past
b. present
c. future
d. therapist
Which REBT technique involves having the client do the very thing they avoid because
of "what people might think?"
a. Role playing
b. Desensitization
c. Cognitive homework
d. Shame-attacking exercises
While most feminist therapists believe that gender is always an important factor, they
realize that ethnicity, sexual orientation, and class may be more important factors in
certain situations for many women.
a. True
b. False
Many therapeutic approaches are incorporating mindfulness and meditation, as well as
other contemplative practices, in the counseling process.
a. True
b. False
If you are successful in establishing boundaries in various aspects of your personal life,
you have a good foundation for creating sound boundaries with clients.
a. True
b. False
Overemphasizing cultural differences is always appropriate in a counseling context.
a. True
b. False
Truly dedicated therapists carry the problems of their clients around with them during
leisure hours.
a. True
b. False
Reality therapists ask clients to take a hard look at whether their current actions are
working for them.
a. True
b. False
The purpose of examining a client's family constellation is to:
a. get a picture of the individual's early social world.
b. bring unconscious factors to the surface.
c. discover hereditary aspects of the client's behavior.
d. determine who else in the family needs help.
Regarding psychotherapy outcome, research shows:
a. the behavioral approaches are more effective than the humanistic approaches.
b. there are clear factors that predict which models of therapy work best for particular
types of clients.
c. the therapeutic relationship is not a major contributor to therapeutic change.
d. no model of therapy has been proven more effective than another.
Family systems therapy represents a paradigm shift that is sometimes called "the fourth
force."
a. True
b. False
A distinctive feature of feminist therapy is the assumption that direct action for social
change is one of the responsibilities of therapists.
a. True
b. False
The client's quality world consists of all of the following except:
a. specific activities that fulfill our needs.
b. images of people who enrich our lives.
c. beliefs.
d. insight.
One of the goals of feminist therapy is to:
a. bring about transformation both in the individual client and in society.
b. make the unconscious conscious.
c. provide opportunities for reliving early traumas.
d. assist clients in gaining awareness of moment-to-moment experiencing.
Strengths-based CBT practitioners ask clients for________to describe their
experiences, both positive and negative.
a. imagery and dreams
b. imagery and metaphors
c. dreams and metaphors
d. metaphors and insight
One of Beck's early contributions was to recognize that regardless of the cause of
depression, once people became depressed, their thinking reflected what Beck referred
to as the negative cognitive triad: negative views of the self, the world, and the future.
a. True
b. False
In a group based on existential principles, clients learn all of the following, except:
a. that there are no ultimate answers for ultimate concerns.
b. to view themselves through others' eyes.
c. to come to terms with the paradoxes of existence.
d. that pain is not a reality of the human experience.
The cognitive distortion of making conclusions without supporting and relevant
evidence is:
a. labeling and mislabeling.
b. overgeneralization.
c. arbitrary inferences.
d. selective abstraction.
The ego defense mechanism in which a person exhibits behavior that clearly shows
signs of reverting to less mature stages is ________?
a. fixation
b. rationalization
c. regression
d. introjection
SFBT is an optimistic, antideterministic, future-oriented approach based on the
assumption that clients have the ability to change quickly and can create a problem-free
language as they strive for a new reality.
a. True
b. False
Genuine knowledge is the product of what the person understands of the situation of
another.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is the correct order in terms of the historical development of
Carl Rogers's approach to
counseling?
a. Client-centered to person-centered to nondirective
b. Client-centered to nondirective to person-centered
c. Nondirective to client-centered to person-centered
d. Nondirective to person-centered to client-centered
