1) the force for glomerular filtration is the
a) blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
b) osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
c) fluid pressure produced by the displacement of the fluid in the lumen of the tubules.
d) atp-dependent processes in the nephron.
e) none of the answers are correct.
2) miguel is a 25-year-old jogger with a target heart rate of 125 bpm. his resting pulse is
70 bpm. his blood volume is approximately 6.8 liters. at rest, his cardiac output is 6.3
liters/min.
a.what must his stroke volume be?
b.what might his edv and esv be?
c.during his workout, his heart rate increases to 125 bpm and his cardiac output to
12,500 ml/min. do his sv, edv, and esv change with exercise?
3) it takes approximately ________ of aerobic exercise to begin mobilizing fats from
adipose tissue.
a) 30 seconds
b) 10 minutes
c) 30 minutes
d) 45 minutes
e) 60 minutes
4) the usual treatment for neonatal jaundice is exposing the infant to certain
wavelengths of light. the infant wears only a diaper and undergoes the light treatment
continuously for several days, even at night. why can the infant’s treatement then be
discontinued?
a) because light treatment stimulates liver growth
b) because the transition between fetal hemoglobin to adult is complete
c) because the light generates additional rbcs
d) because the digestive tract is then large enough to secrete bile
e) all of the answers are correct.
5) antibiotics are drugs that destroy or inhibit the growth of
a) viruses.
b) bacteria.
c) multicellular pathogens such as hookworms.
d) viruses and bacteria.
e) viruses, bacteria, and multicellular pathogens such as hookworms.
6) the hormone that directly controls water excretion by the kidneys is
a) adh.
b) aldosterone.
c) epinephrine.
d) anp.
e) angiotensin.
7) neurotransmitter is stored and released from
a) axon terminals only.
b) axon varicosities only.
c) dendritic spines only.
d) cell bodies only.
e) axon terminals and axon varicosities.
8) the heaviest organ in the body is the
a) liver.
b) brain.
c) skin.
d) stomach.
e) urinary bladder.
9) a bomb calorimeter measures
a) the carbon dioxide produced when a food sample is completely combusted.
b) the oxygen consumed when a food sample is completely combusted.
c) only the food calories available to the human body.
d) the heat produced when a food sample is completely combusted.
e) both carbon dioxide produced and oxygen consumed when a food sample is
completely combusted.
10) disulfide bond
a. fibrous
b. globular
11) drugs used to treat diabetes may
a) stimulate beta-cell secretion of insulin.
b) stimulate digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine.
c) stimulate hepatic glucose output.
d) decrease responsiveness of target tissue to insulin.
e) none of these answers are correct.
12) compared to the outside surface, the inside of a resting cell membrane is
a) positively charged.
b) negatively charged.
c) electrically neutral.
d) continuously reversing its electrical charge.
e) positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active.
13) which is not produced in the body for the purpose of storing extra calories?
a) fat
b) protein
c) carbohydrate
d) all of these are produced in the body for that purpose.
14) compare and contrast the communication mechanisms between the nervous and
endocrine systems. in other words, how do neurons and neurotransmitters signal to their
postsynaptic cells, compared to the way endocrine glands and hormones communicate
with their target cells?
15) when two or more atoms are chemically linked, the smallest unit of the resulting
material is referred to as a(n) ________.
16) name two ways the selectivity of a channel is determined.
17) maltose is broken down by maltase into two molecules of ________.
18) briefly describe oxidation-reduction reactions. what does it mean for a molecule to
be reduced or oxidized? identify and explain the mnemonic device provided in the text
for oxidation and reduction reactions. see if you can make one up yourself.
19) ________, ________, and ________ are called granulocytes because ________.
20) name the three portal systems in the body.
21) ________ secretions are released into interstitial space to diffuse into the blood.