1) which form of psychotherapy emphasizes the modification of distorted or faulty
thinking?
a.group therapy
b.humanistic therapy
c.cognitive therapy
d.behavioral therapy
2) a person who has emotion regulation skills would be said to:
a.act appropriately in difficult situations
b.have awkward social interactions
c.throw temper tantrums when he or she does not get his or her way
d.have been born with the right emotional makeup
3) don has a cleanliness obsession that revolves around a fear of dirt, germs, and other
unclean things. his compulsion involves hand washing. if he believes he has touched
something unclean, he will wash his hands until they are raw. in treatment for his
disorder, don is asked to touch all the doorknobs in his therapists office building and is
then told he cannot wash his hands. he and the therapist then sit together while don tries
to relax and overcome his feelings of extreme discomfort. this treatment:
a.is unethical and would not be used today
b.has been shown to be ineffective and may even cause worsening symptoms
c.is an appropriate therapy based on extinguishing a conditioned response
d.is less effective than tranquilizers in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder
4) red and green appear to be opposite colors because of the activity of ganglion cells
that are:
a.excited by l cones and inhibited by m cones
b.excited by m cones and inhibited by l cones
c.excited by l cones and inhibited by s and m cones
d.excited by s cones and inhibited by l and m cones
5) according to this view, behavior is determined more by situations than by
personality:
a.the big five
b.nomothetic approaches
c.situationism
d.none of the above
6) when men and women are placed under equivalent levels of stress:
a.both appear equally motivated to seek out social support
b.women are more likely than men to seek out social support
c.men are more prone to seek social support than women are
d.both men and women are equally motivated, but women prefer support from men,
whereas men seek support from both sexes
7) individuals diagnosed with aspergers syndrome:
a.lack a theory of mind
b.have decreased in number in recent decades
c.tend to be primarily female
d.may develop schizophrenia as adults
8) which two factors are involved in runners high?
a.endorphin release in the brain and a shift in consciousness similar to meditation states
b.endorphin release in the brain and a focus on the running activity itself
c.a shift in consciousness similar to meditation states and dopamine release in the brain
d.a focus on the running activity itself and dopamine release in the brain
9) jacquelyns fianc broke up with her the week before their wedding. her friends and
family are worried about her, because she seems to be suffering from depression. you
could comfort them by telling them that over time, jacquelyn will:
a.be happier than before he broke the engagement
b.still be sad and upset but no longer in severe distress
c.naturally return to her typical level of happiness
d.never be as happy as before but will establish a good balance
10) which of the following relationships is not correct?
a.marijuanathc receptors
b.cocainedopamine receptors
c.opiatesopiate receptors
d.mdmaacetylcholine receptors
11) a scientist is studying how cells develop into organs. this process is similar to:
a.figure-ground segmentation
b.gestalt law of similarity
c.top-down processing
d.bottom-up processing
12) you encounter a child who is very easy to shame. psychological research suggests
that her parents:
a.show frequent anger and are lax in their discipline
b.are also likely to display shame easily
c.are high in sympathy
d.are very likely to reward appropriate behavior in the child
13) people tend to become closed minded when asked to find a different use for an
object that has a clear purpose. this mind-set is a result of:
a.mental sets
b.restructuring
c.working backward
d.functional fixedness
14) in a recent study, participants were shown 30-second clips of two candidates in a
past election with which they were not familiar. the person was asked to determine
which candidate had won that election. how accurate do you think the participants were
at predicting the winner of the election and why?
a.very accurate; a brief slice of behavior provides significant information
b.not accurate; 30 seconds would not provide as much information as voters had
c.very accurate; all that matters is attractiveness, which can be quickly assessed
d.not accurate; the clip would need to be framed in the context of the election
15) grace and patrick go to the career center at their school for advice about possible
careers. if all that the counselor knew about them was their genders, she might
recommend that grace become a(n) _____ and patrick become a(n) _____.
a.architect; lawyer
b.lawyer; architect
c.doctor; chef
d.chef; doctor
16) the framing effect is so effective because it arranges the perceived situation so that:
a.decisions can be easily evaluated against each other
b.one decision seems more salient than the others
c.decisions can be seen from multiple perspectives
d.one decision seems clearly better than the others
17) selyes general adaptation syndrome describes _____ responses to stress. the
primary and secondary appraisal model describes _____ responses to stress.
a.emotional; bodily
b.bodily; emotional
c.cognitive; bodily
d.bodily; cognitive
18) a procedure in which an observer describes the simple elements of a mental
experience in as much detail as possible is called:
a.introspection
b.inner perception
c.introjection
d.introversion
19) the implication of harlows research on infant rhesus monkeys for parenting
behavior is that when your infant is frightened you should:
a.feed her
b.leave her alone until the fear passes
c.utter reassuring sounds to her
d.hold her