1) scientists conduct _____, which involves the careful and systematic collection of
data.
a.hypotheses
b.replication
c.research
d.reliability
2) immune functioning and the experience of positive events have been shown to:
a.be negatively correlated
b.have a random relationship
c.be positively correlated
d.be positively correlated in women and negatively correlated in men
3) treys girlfriend wants to bake a birthday cake and trey is buying the ingredients. his
girlfriend told him to buy flour, sugar, baking powder, eggs, chocolate, baking soda, and
vanilla. trey also buys frosting because he is sure it was on the list. this type of
misremembering is an example of:
a.confabulation
b.false recognition
c.absentmindedness
d.memory bias
4) peggy is in a room crowded with people. everyone is talking, and she has a hard time
hearing people close by her. suddenly, from the other side of the room, she hears
someone whisper, peggy. peggys ability to hear her name is due to the:
a.self-awareness phenomenon
b.cocktail party phenomenon
c.filtering phenomenon
d.name-relevance phenomenon
5) topics such as visual perception, movement, and learning are studied by _____
psychologists.
a.organizational
b.experimental
c.personality
d.biological
6) which of the following changes did john stuart mill advocate for the field of
psychology?
a.to move from the study of the mind to the study of the body
b.to move from the study of the body to the study of the mind
c.to move from speculation to observation and experimentation
d.to move from experimentation and observation to speculation
7) investigators who are interested in gaining a lot of information about group attitudes
quickly are likely to use what kind of research approach?
a.case study
b.psychophysical assessment
c.participant observation
d.self-report
8) dashawna has decided that she wants a new image. she goes to a new store and shops
for the perfect outfit. dashawnas decision to get a new image shows the _____ quality
of motivation. her trip to the store shows the _____ quality of motivation.
a.energizing; directive
b.energizing; persistent
c.directive; energizing
d.persistent; directive
9) in classical psychophysics, the concept of an absolute threshold rests on the
assumption that a subjects response is:
a.an accurate reflection of the subjects perception
b.influenced by both perception and judgment
c.not a good index of actual perception
d.a good index of perception but not of sensation
10) todd is a very conscientious person, jane is a very extraverted person, and tyrone is
a very agreeable person. in terms of human evolution, which of these people have a
personality trait that is highly adaptive?
a.todd and tyrone
b.jane only
c.tyrone only
d.todd, jane, and tyrone
11) what have psychologists discovered concerning the relationship between having
children and marital happiness?
a.couples with children report being happier unless the number of offspring exceeds
three.
b.no consistent relationship between these variables has been found.
c.couples with children report less happiness than those without.
d.it depends on the sex of the offspring; couples with female children are the happiest.
12) people have better memories for events that involve negative emotions. according
to an evolutionary perspective, this phenomenon suggests that negative emotions:
a.make information easier to rehearse
b.emphasize information important to survival
c.increase consolidation of information
d.act as mnemonics for information
13) negative reinforcement and negative punishment are similar in that both:
a.produce an increase in the probability of a behavior
b.produce a decrease in the probability of a behavior
c.involve the administration of a stimulus
d.involve the removal of a stimulus
14) ahmed states that he has high self-esteem and is happy with his life. based on this
information, it is possible to predict:
a.that he has a high level of achievement in other areas of his life
b.that he has a moderate level of achievement in other areas of his life
c.that he has a low level of achievement in other areas of his life
d.very little about his level of achievement in other areas of his life
15) the inability to retrieve information from long-term memory is:
a.forgetting
b.memory loss
c.inattention
d.none of the above