1) redistribution of blood flow during exercise results from
a) vasodilation only.
b) vasoconstriction only.
c) vasodilation in skeletal muscle and vasoconstriction in viscera.
d) vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle and vasodilation in viscera.
2) which of the following cells is not localized to the retina?
a) rods
b) vertical
c) bipolar
d) cones
e) amacrine
3) the general term that describes energy stored in chemical bonds is
a) thermodynamics.
b) bioenergetics.
c) entropy.
d) kinetic energy.
e) potential energy.
4) in response to the hormone cholecystokinin, the pancreas secretes a fluid
a) rich in enzymes.
b) rich in bicarbonate.
c) rich in bile.
d) that contains only proteinases.
e) that contains only amylase.
5) match the nutrient to its primary fate.
a. carbohydrate
b. protein
c. fat
synthesis of tissues
6) in a pancreatic cell producing digestive enzyme, you would expect to find an
elaborate
a) rough endoplasmic reticulum.
b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
7) air moves into the lungs because
a) the gas pressure in the lungs is less than outside pressure.
b) the volume of the lungs decreases with inspiration.
c) the thorax is muscular.
d) contraction of the diaphragm decreases the volume of the pleural cavity.
e) all of the answers are correct.
8) excess potassium ions are eliminated from the body by the
a) sweat glands.
b) kidneys.
c) liver.
d) digestive system.
e) spleen.
9) the active sites of enzymes are
a) products of an enzymatic reaction.
b) regions of an enzyme that are involved in bringing substrates together.
c) bonds between the substrate and certain amino acids.
d) not necessarily involved in a reaction.
10) you conduct an experiment on twenty 18-year-old male subjects to see how various
intensities of exercise influence heart rate. which of the following is/are considered an
independent variable?
a) age of subjects
b) sex of subjects
c) intensity of exercise
d) heart rate
e) more than one of the answers is correct.
11) match the type of breathing with its description.
a. hyperpnea
b. hyperventilation
c. tachypnea
d. dyspnea
e. apnea
cessation of breathing
12) exocrine glands, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles are controlled by the
a) central nervous system.
b) autonomic nervous system.
c) somatic motor division.
d) peripheral nervous system.
e) enteric nervous system.
13) which of the following would make the oxygen-hemoglobin curve shift right?
a) increased h+ concentration
b) increased ph
c) decreased temperature
d) decreased co2
e) none of the answers are correct.
14) stem cells that will form t lymphocytes are modified in the
a) bone marrow.
b) liver.
c) spleen.
d) thymus.
e) kidneys.
15) the intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the
a) sticking of platelets to damaged tissue.
b) activation of proenzyme exposed to collagen.
c) release of tissue factor by a damaged endothelium.
d) release of heparin from the liver.
e) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
16) match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. unchanged
d. stopped
when a blood vessel dilates, blood viscosity is ________.
17) match the transport process to its description.
a. active transport
b. passive transport
the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration
18) the total volume of blood in the body of a 70-kg man is approximately ________
liters.
a) 25-30
b) 10-15
c) 5-6
d) 2-4
e) 1-2
19) low leptin levels have been observed in athletes with chronic negative energy
balance. what might be a possible explanation for this? would you expect neuropeptide
y (npy) levels to be high? explain.
20) your best friend, fred, was injured when he fell several meters from a cliff, but his
vital signs are stable and all lacerations have been repaired. his physician is in the
process of determining what neural damage he has sustained. what may be damaged if
fred is unable to walk normally? (hint: consider various types of factors that influence
motor output, as well as the structures immediately responsible for movement.)
21) in the graphs below, identify normokalemia, hyperkalemia, and hypokalemia
.
22) during exercise, blood flow to the active skeletal muscles is increased by
autoregulation. propose a mechanism based on the need for nutrients that would explain
how the autoregulation might take place.
23) why and how does intracellular k+ become depleted with exercise?