Frank is a Native American college student who is seeking information about his career
choice from a male counselor. The counselor notices that he uses very little eye contact
and needs to recognize that Frank:
A.lacks trust about the information he is receiving.
B.is unlikely to follow through with his suggestions.
C.is likely to view direct eye contact as a lack of respect.
D.would be more likely to have direct eye contact if the counselor were a female.
School counselors can discuss the topic of abortion with a student
A.under any circumstances.
B.if the circumstances are determined to be unusual.
C.if the school board has not adopted a policy forbidding such a discussion.
D.only if parents are present.
Countertransference is best considered as:
a. the therapist’s feelings of genuine concern for clients.
b. the client’s projections toward the therapist.
c. any projections by a therapist that can potentially get in the way of helping a client.
d. empathy demonstrated by the therapist for the client.
Mental health practitioners must ________________ their own group as the standard by
which to assess appropriate behavior in others.
A.always use
B.often use
C.avoid using
D.be held legally liable for using
Feminists remind us that patriarchy has
a. positive effects on both women and men.
b. negative effects on both women and men.
c. Positive effects on women and negative effects on men.
d. Negative effects on women and positive effects on men.
Our ______________________________ is/are the basis of our worldview and
possible biases.
a. cultural experiences
b. values
c. assumptions
d. all of the above
Supervisors need to ensure that _______________________ is/are sensitive to the
range of diversity that supervisees may encounter.
a. assessments
b. diagnostic formulations
c. counseling interventions
d. the supervisory process itself
e. all of the above
Which of the statements below is FALSE with regard to gift giving within the
therapeutic context?
a. Any gifts that create indebtedness, whether of the client or the therapist, are boundary
violations.
b. Accepting highly personal gifts would be inappropriate and require exploring the
client’s motivation.
c. Accepting a small gift never raises ethical problems.
d. It would be problematic if a client offered tickets to the theater or a sporting event
and wanted you to accompany him or her to this event.
Termination of the therapy process:
a. can be mandated by ethics codes alone.
b. is regulated by state law.
c. is decided jointly by both the client and the therapist.
d. must always be decided solely by the therapist.
Statements such as “Minority groups need to take responsibility for their own
predicament” and “In order to succeed, people need to stop complaining and start
working” do not take into account environmental factors. These are examples of:
A.stereotypical beliefs.
B.guiding principles for action.
C.cultural tolerance.
D.challenging culture-bound values.
Of the following, which factor(s) is/are crucial to therapy outcomes?
a. the client’s motivation
b. severity of the client’s symptoms
c. client-therapist relationship factors
d. all of the above
Concerning counseling via the Internet, which statement is most accurate?
a. The codes of the major professional organizations offer detailed guidance regarding
ethical practices in the use of technology.
b. There are both advantages and disadvantages in using Internet technology to deliver
counseling services.
c. Most experts agree that what is being currently offered via Internet counseling is a
form of traditional psychotherapy.
d. This form of counseling is not suited to a problem-solving approach.
Which of the following is not identified in the text as a guideline for counselors using
the telephone?
A.Do not acknowledge that clients are receiving services.
B.Verify that you are actually talking to the intended person when you make or receive
calls in which confidential information will be discussed.
C.After addressing guideline B and ensuring absolute privacy, counselors may speak to
their clients as freely as they desire without fear that their conversations will be used in
legal proceedings.
D.None of the choices
The idea that psychotherapy is value neutral is
A.no longer tenable.
B.still considered a legitimate view by most counseling associations.
C.an ideal to which counselors must aspire.
D.one that is easily attainable.
All of the following professional associations except _____________ oppose
physician-assisted suicide:
a. American Psychiatric Association
b. American Medical Association
c. National Association of Social Workers
d. a and c
The clinical interview serves which of the following purposes?
A.Providing information on a client’s presenting problems
B.Giving glimpses of historical factors that may be contributing to the client’s condition
C.Providing a framework for making a differential diagnosis to determine whether an
individual suffers from a particular mental disorder
D.All of the choices
E.None of the choices
Shelly, a recent graduate of a counseling program, is considering her job options. As she
applies for positions at various community agencies, she should:
a. have the knowledge to effectively work in a bureaucratic organization.
b. study each agency’s philosophy and policies.
c. be prepared to lobby, advocate, make referrals, and network on behalf of clients.
d. all of the above
___________________and ___________________ are the hallmarks of being able to
make a difference in the helping professions.
A.Self-interest; ambition
B.Compassion for others; dedication to serving others
C.Good public relations skills; an outgoing personality
D.High verbal reasoning abilities; a high I.Q.
Training programs have a responsibility to:
a. honor their commitment to the students they admit.
b. protect future consumers who will be served by those who graduate.
c. both of the above
d. none of the above
When there is potential for negative consequences arising from a dual relationship, it is
the responsibility of the professional to:
a. secure the informed consent of clients and discuss with them both the potential risks
and benefits of the relationship.
b. consult with other professionals.
c. seek supervision if the risk for harm is high.
d. document any dual relationships in clinical case notes.
e. all of the above
The acronym DSM-IV-TR stands for
a. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Text Revision
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Typology Revisited
c. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Treatment and Remediation
d. Deviant Syndromes Manual: Treatment and Remediation
Most of the codes of ethics state that informed consent is required:
a. only for voluntary clients.
b. only for involuntary clients.
c. only for adults.
d. as a prerequisite for most forms of assessment and treatment.
The importance of multicultural competence for group psychotherapists has emerged as
a(n)
a. option, but not a necessity.
b. ethical imperative.
c. lower priority than it used to be.
d. reason to extend training programs by an extra year.
Researchers recommend that students be taught ways of implementing wellness
strategies into their daily lives
A.in a manner similar to the way they are taught to implement techniques into their
counseling practice.
B.by having them read self-help books.
C.via PowerPoint lecture.
D.by asking them to meditate on a daily basis.
This principle refers to applying the maximum professional skill and competence for
promoting the growth and development of clients:
a. autonomy.
b. beneficence.
c. nonmaleficence.
d. justice, or fairness.
e. veracity.
_______________________ was passed by Congress to promote standardization and
efficiency in the health care industry and to give patients more rights and control over
their health information.
a. The Healthcare Reform Act
b. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
c. The Congressional Healthcare Accountability Act
d. Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
Thomas has full-blown AIDS and has decided to end his life rather than continue to
suffer. The counselor he is working with does not condone rational suicide. In this case,
the counselor needs to:
a. refer Thomas to a competent professional who is qualified to assist him.
b. learn as much as possible about the course of Thomas’s illness.
c. explore the impact of Thomas’s religious beliefs on making his decision to end his
life.
d. help Thomas seek medical treatment that will help him cope with his pain.
Ruth is counseling a woman who describes an extremely unhappy marriage. Ruth
suggests that she consider leaving her husband; however, the client has a deep spiritual
conviction that marriage is for life and is not willing to consider divorce as an option.
Ruth attempts to change her client’s viewpoint. In this case, Ruth is:
A.teaching her client to look at the negative consequences of her decision.
B.exploring the client’s spiritual reasons for staying in the marriage.
C.imposing her values on the client instead of exploring the client’s reasons for staying
in the marriage.
D.helping her client to explore healthy options.
According to professional ethical principles on testing, it would be unethical for a
counselor to:
a. perform testing and assessment services for which they have not been adequately
trained.
b. develop, administer, score, interpret, or use assessment procedures that are
appropriate for the situation.
c. test within the client’s socialized behavioral or cognitive patterns.
d. consider the validity of a given test and interpret data in the context of the cultural
characteristics of the client.
In regards to boundaries in the counseling relationship, Lazarus takes the position that:
A.certain ethics and boundaries actually diminish therapeutic effectiveness.
B.all boundaries should be eliminated because they destroy the counseling relationship.
C.strong boundaries must be maintained in order to avoid malpractice suits.
D.traits such as flexibility, spontaneity, and warmth tend to be characteristics of
therapists who maintain strong boundaries.
Therapists who have experienced their own therapy report that
a. it improves their self-awareness and self-understanding.
b. increases their openness to and acceptance of their feelings.
c. enhances their personal relationships.
d. all of the above.
Family therapy training programs use three primary methods of training. They include
all of the following except
a. didactic course work.
b. direct clinical experiences with families.
c. regular supervision by an experienced family supervisor who, together with trainees,
may watch the session behind a one-way mirror or through videotaped sessions.
d. famogram work.
The authors recommend that therapists who venture outside of the office or engage in
nontraditional activities with clients:
a. make this clear at the outset of therapy during the informed consent process.
b. consult with their insurance carrier about such practices as these activities may have
implications for their liability exposure.
c. be charged with an ethical violation.
d. both a and b.