When you quickly jerk a cart forward that has a ball resting in the middle, the
A) front of the cart hits the ball.
B) back of the cart hits the ball.
C) neither, for the ball rides along in the middle as the cart moves forward.
D) All of the above depending on how quickly the cart is pulled.
Four amperes of current exist in the primary coil of a transformer. The voltage across
the primary coil is 120 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil?
A) 30 W
B) 120 W
C) 480 W
D) 960 W
E) need more information
The electrical force between electric charges depends only on their
A) magnitude.
B) separation distance.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
The approximate range of human hearing is
A) 10 hertz to 10,000 hertz.
B) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz.
C) 40 hertz to 40,000 hertz.
D) none of the above
Two identical objects in outer space, one moving at 2 m/s, the other at 1 m/s, have a
head-on collision and stick together. Their combined speed after the collision is
A) 0.5 m/s.
B) 0.33 m/s.
C) 0.67 m/s.
D) 1.0 m/s.
E) none of the above
The white-hot sparks from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler that strike your skin transfer
A) little energy to you in spite of their high temperature.
B) little energy to you due to their low temperature.
C) much energy, but at a low temperature.
D) none of the above
Electric forces within an atomic nucleus tend to
A) hold it together.
B) push it apart.
C) neither of these
Relative to some reference frame in the universe, you may now be traveling at a speed
A) faster than the speed of light.
B) slower than the speed of light.
C) at the speed of light.
D) any of the above
As you approach a steady light source, the wavelength of the emitted light appears
A) longer.
B) shorter.
C) the same.
When sunlight illuminates a page from your Conceptual Physics book it
A) reflects most of it.
B) absorbs at the text lettering.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
A pair of crossed Polaroids will transmit light
A) of sufficiently long wavelengths.
B) that itself is polarized.
C) if a third Polaroid at about 45 degrees is inserted between the two.
The molecules in a room-temperature glass of water jostle around at
A) a great variety of speeds.
B) much the same rates of speed.
C) a very small range of speeds.
A closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an
increase in
A) mass.
B) temperature.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Sometimes a flashlight filament glows red instead of white, which indicates a lowness
of
A) current in the filament.
B) filament temperature.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
A large block of wood and a smaller block of iron on weighing scales both register 1
ton. Taking buoyancy of air into account, which has the greater mass?
A) wood
B) iron
C) both have the same mass.
D) need more information
A black hole is
A) an empty region of space with a huge gravitational field.
B) at the center if all stars.
C) the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse.
The ether theory of light propagation is
A) much used.
B) incomplete, but still useful.
C) unexplained.
D) discredited.
A softer landing occurs when an falling object bounces from a surface
A) in a extended time.
B) quickly.
C) either of these
D) neither of these
Electromagnetic waves consist of
A) compressions and rarefactions of electromagnetic pulses.
B) oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
C) particles of light energy.
D) high-frequency sound waves.
A fundamental rule of electricity is that
A) like kinds of charges repel.
B) unlike kinds of charges attract.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Which has more skin?
A) an elephant
B) a mouse
C) both the same
If the part of an iceberg that extends above the water were suddenly removed, the
A) iceberg would sink.
B) buoyant force on the iceberg would decrease.
C) density of the iceberg would change.
D) pressure on the bottom of the iceberg would increase.
E) none of the above
The idea of complementarity is evident in the
A) dual nature of light.
B) notion of opposites being components of a whole.
C) yin-yang symbol of Eastern cultures.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
The source of energy that illuminates a lamp in your home is
A) the power company.
B) the electrical outlet.
C) atoms in the bulb filament.
D) the wire leads to the lamp.
E) the source voltage.
Polaroid sunglasses reduce much glare by polarization axes that are
A) vertical.
B) horizontal.
C) at right angles to each other.
A large heavy truck and a small baby carriage roll down a hill. Neglecting friction, at
the bottom of the hill, the baby carriage will likely have
A) less momentum.
B) about the same momentum.
C) more momentum.
If you can’t avoid being hit by a fast-moving object, you’ll suffer a smaller contact force
if you can extend that force over a
A) longer time.
B) shorter time.
C) both the same
A sack of potatoes weighing 200 N falls from an airplane. As the velocity of fall
increases, air resistance also increases. When air resistance equals 200 N, the sack’s
acceleration becomes
A) 0 m/s2.
B) 5 m/s2.
C) 10 m/s2.
D) infinite.
E) none of the above
Energy released by the Sun results from the process wherein atomic nuclei
A) break apart.
B) combine.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
When uranium emits an alpha particle, the result is
A) thorium.
B) protactinium.
C) neptunium.
D) none of the above
What is the central equation of mass-energy equivalence?
A) W = Fd
B) KE = mv2
C) m = F/a
D) E = mc2
A hydrogen atom that emits an alpha particle is a routine occurrence in
A) the environment.
B) laboratories.
C) unlikely.
D) impossible.
Compared to the density of water, the density of a fish is
A) more.
B) less.
C) the same.
Figure M-5
When the bent wire is lowered in the water and then raised to the surface, a further
attempt to raise it causes the spring to
1) stretch
2) contract
3) stay the same
due to water’s
4) buoyant force.
5) surface tension.
6) capillarity.
All things being practically equal, if the energy content in gasoline were doubled, then
the distance a car should travel per liter of gasoline should
1) be no different.
2) double.
3) quadruple.
If the low-energy and high-energy fuels are burned in the same time, then compared to
the POWER produced by combustion of the low-energy gasoline, the power produced
by the combustion of the higher-energy gasoline should
4) be no different.
5) double.
6) quadruple.
Figure V-7
The boat to make the fastest progress in its forward direction is boat
1) 1.
2) 2.
3) 3.
4) 4.
Boat 3 is not propelled in a forward direction because
5) the wind does not make impact with the sail.
6) there is no component of force parallel to the keel.
7) of air resistance on the front of the sail.
8) But it is propelled in a forward direction!
Figure N-6
Two 50-N weights pull on the scale as shown. The reading on the scale is
1) 0 N.
2) 25 N.
3) 50 N.
4) 100 N.
This is clearer to understand if we think of the situation this way:
5) Since no acceleration is taking place, the forces cancel one another.
6) One of the weights “holds” the scale while the other weight stretches the spring.
7) The two hanging weights provide forces that constitute an action/reaction pair.
If the Moon were covered with water, it would have
1) one high tidal bulge,
2) two high tidal bulges,
3) three high tidal bulges,
4) no tidal bulges,
which would follow from
5) the same reason that Earth has two high tidal bulges.
6) no centrifugal force tide would exist on the Moon.
7) the Moon being much less massive than Earth.
8) the center of mass of Earth-Moon system that lies halfway to the Moon.
If you push with 200 N of force against your 1500-N refrigerator and it slides across
your kitchen floor at constant velocity, friction of the floor against the refrigerator must
be
1) zero,
2) 200 N,
3) 1300 N,
4) 1500 N,
5) greater than 1500 N,
and the force with which you push must be
6) equal and oppositely directed to the friction force.
7) the action force, and the friction the reaction force.
8) both of these.
9) none of these.
The net force that acts on a 100-N freely falling body is
1) zero,
2) 9.8 N,
3) 100 N,
and its acceleration is
4) zero.
5) 9.8 m/s2.
6) 100 m/s2.
A new theory conforms to the Correspondence Principle when it
1) successfully accounts for the verified results of the old theory.
2) corresponds to all theories of nature.
3) states the essence of the old theory, but in an up-to-date way.
4) successfully ties two or more theories together.
The Correspondence Principle is applicable
5) principally at the atomic level.
6) in all realms of physics.
7) for all good theory, scientific or otherwise.
The principal difference between a gas and a plasma has to do with
1) the kinds of elements involved,
2) interatomic spacing,
3) electrical conduction,
4) fluid pressure,
5) the proportion of antimatter,
while the principal difference between a liquid and a gas has to do with
6) the kinds of elements involved.
7) interatomic spacing.
8) electrical conduction.
9) fluid pressure.
10) the proportion of antimatter.
Figure N-2
A 100-N little physics tyke hangs on the ends of a rope suspended over a pulley as
shown. The tension in the rope is
1) 0 N.
2) 50 N.
3) 100 N.
4) 200 N.
It is interesting to note that
5) the tension in the rope at its midpoint (uppermost part) is 100 N.
6) this is a modified tug-o’-war example (simply draped over a pulley).
7) the net force acting on the rope is in this case identical to the child’s weight.
Which of the following expands most when temperature is increased?
1) iron
2) ice water
3) helium
4) all expand the same
Which of the following expands most when temperature is decreased?
5) iron
6) ice water
7) helium
8) all expand the same
Figure N-4
Each group in a tug-of-war pulls with 1000 N on each side of the rope. The net force on
the rope is
1) 0 N
2) 500 N
3) 1000 N
4) 2000 N
and the tension within the rope is
5) 0 N.
6) 500 N.
7) 1000 N.
8) 2000 N.
A gas and a plasma are similar in that they are both
1) fluids,
2) crystalline,
3) covalent,
4) in cohesively bound states,
while the principle difference between a gas and a plasma has to do with
5) atomic number.
6) density.
7) pressure.
8) electrical conduction.
If you were traveling at the speed of light, next to a beam of light, the beam would
appear to
1) be at relative rest, traveling beside you at an equal speed.
2) still travel away from you, but at a speed less than c.
3) travel away from you at c.
From this we see that the speed of light in free space will be found to
4) have the same value for all observers.
5) be relative to the motion of the observer.
A freight car rolls along a horizontal track at 12 m/s and hooks onto an identical freight
car at rest. The coupled cars will
1) come to a quick stop,
2) roll at 3 m/s,
3) roll at 6 mph,
4) roll at 12 ms,
which makes sense because
5) in the absence of external forces, trains in motion continue in motion.
6) the acceleration of the car at rest equals the force of impact divided by the two
masses.
7) since twice the mass is moving, the speed will be half for the same momentum.
8) energies before and after the collision remain the same.
When an ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level will
1) rise.
2) fall.
3) remain the same.
If the ice cube contains many air bubbles, after melting the water level will
4) rise.
5) fall.
6) remain the same.
In a series circuit of three identical lamps powered by a 1.5-volt dry cell, the voltage
across each lamp is
1) 1/2 V.
2) 1 V.
3) 1-1/2 V.
If any one of the lamps is disconnected, the other lamps will
4) go out.
5) continue to glow.