A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to
living tissue. The beam of neutrons, however, is less harmful. Why?
A) Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage.
B) Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel.
C) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing
through the tissue.
D) All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful.
Answer:
A probe in space continues in its motion due to
A) very low friction.
B) its own inertia.
C) it seeking a continued state of motion.
D) none of the above
Answer:
The ozone layer is a region within the
A) troposphere.
B) stratosphere.
C) mesosphere.
D) ionosphere.
Answer:
The tangential velocity of an Earth satellite is its velocity
A) parallel to the surface of Earth.
B) perpendicular to the surface of Earth.
C) attributed to satellites moving in any direction.
Answer:
The protective shells that many sea organisms grow are not minerals because they
A) are not calcium carbonate.
B) are organic.
C) are made of ooze.
D) become compacted.
Answer:
Where does the earth receive most of its energy?
A) external fusion
B) internal fusion
C) internal fission
D) external fission
E) internal combustion
Answer:
Ocean trenches such as the Tonga and Marianas Trench, are
A) subduction zones where lithosphere is pulled down to the asthenosphere.
B) some of the steepest places on Earth.
C) found at continental-continental plate boundaries that mark the the deepest places on
Earth.
Answer:
Meandering streams are common in
A) V-shaped valleys.
B) natural levees.
C) flat floodplain areas.
D) areas of accumulation.
Answer:
Molecular oxygen, O2, and ozone, O3, are both examples of
A) atoms.
B) elements.
C) compounds.
D) mixtures.
Answer:
Consider two planets in space that gravitationally attract each other. If the mass of one
planet is doubled, and the distance between them doesn’t change, then the force between
them is
A) one-quarter.
B) half as much.
C) twice as much.
D) four times as much.
E) none of the above
Answer:
Limestone may be metamorphosed into
A) schist.
B) marble.
C) quartzite.
D) gneiss.
Answer:
Power is the rate at which
A) energy is transferred.
B) voltage can be changed.
C) current can be induced.
Answer:
Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about
A) 100 K.
B) 200 K.
C) 300 K.
D) 400 K.
E) more than 400 K.
Answer:
In the open ocean, surface currents are most affected by
A) winds, the Coriolis force, the pressure-gradient force, and land boundary conditions.
B) frictional force (winds), the Coriolis force, and the pressure-gradient force.
C) winds and gyres.
D) both winds and the Coriolis force.
Answer:
A piece of iron and a cup of water both at room temperature are heated such that the
thermal energy of each doubles. Which has the higher temperature?
A) the water, because of its higher specific heat capacity
B) the iron, because it doesn’t change phase
C) both the same
D) none of the above
Answer:
Sound interference with a pair of radio loudspeakers can be nicely demonstrated when
the
A) radio signal is monaural for each.
B) input and output of the speakers are reversed.
C) speakers are brought face to face.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer:
Any falling object that gains a velocity of 10 m/s each second has an acceleration of
A) 10 m/s.
B) 10 m/s2.
C) both of these
D) none of the above
Answer:
Your weight is
A) another word for your mass.
B) the gravitational attraction between you and Earth.
C) a property of mechanical equilibrium.
D) the same in all locations.
Answer:
The density of water at 4C will slightly decrease when it is
A) cooled.
B) warmed.
C) both of these
D) none of the above
Answer:
When warm air moves into a cold air mass, the less-dense warmer air rides up over the
colder, denser air. This is very similar to
A) orographic lifting.
B) adiabatic lifting.
C) temperature inversion.
D) what happens during a tornado.
Answer:
What is the purpose of the salt bridge in a voltaic cell?
A) to prevent any further migration of electrons through the wire
B) to allow for the build up of positively charged ions in one container and negatively
charged ions in the other container
C) to allow the and the to flow freely between the two containers
D) to allow for a balance of charge between the two chambers
Answer:
How many electrons are gained or lost in the following half-reaction?
2 Na → 2 Na+
A) 2 electrons are lost
B) 1/2 electron is gained
C) 1/2 electron is lost
D) 2 electrons are gained
E) 4 electrons are gained
Answer:
Because S-waves do not travel through Earth’s outer core, scientists inferred that the
outer core is
A) impenetrable.
B) molten liquid.
C) solid.
D) very dense.
Answer:
Minerals are formed by the process of
A) crystallization.
B) magma differentiation.
C) silica enrichment.
D) partial melting.
Answer:
When the hydronium ion concentration equals 1 mole per liter, what is the pH of the
solution? Is the solution acidic or basic?
A) pH = 0, this is an acidic solution.
B) pH = 1, this is an acidic solution.
C) pH = 10, this is a basic solution.
D) pH = 7, this is a neutral solution.
Answer:
The annual amount of snow lost by a glacier is called
A) accumulation.
B) sublimation.
C) ablation.
D) sustation.
Answer:
The vertical height attained by a basketball player who achieves a hang time of a full 1
s is about
A) 0.8 m.
B) 1 m.
C) 1.2 m.
D) 2.5 m.
E) more than 2.5 m.
Answer:
A skydiver jumps from a high-flying plane. As her velocity of fall increases, her
acceleration
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains unchanged regardless of air resistance.
Answer:
An anticline is a fold in which the limbs bend
A) downward.
B) upward.
Answer:
As rising air cools,
A) water vapor content decreases.
B) relative humidity decreases.
C) the moist adiabatic lapse rate increases.
D) relative humidity increases.
Answer:
The percentage of the Earth’s surface covered by ocean is about
A) 50%.
B) 60%.
C) 70%.
D) 80%.
E) 85%.
Answer: