A body of water will be deeper when its
A) temperature rises.
B) temperature drops.
C) neither of these
The radial velocity of an Earth satellite is its velocity
A) parallel to the surface of Earth.
B) perpendicular to the surface of Earth.
C) attributed to satellites moving in any direction.
D) none of the above
Rainbows are not usually seen as complete circles because
A) the ground is usually in the way.
B) they are actually elliptical.
C) they have no bottom part.
D) rain drops are not perfectly round.
E) rainbows are actually arched shaped.
The sources of both X-rays and gamma rays are
A) electron clouds.
B) the atomic nucleus.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
A hydraulic jack is used to lift objects such as automobiles. If the input force is 200 N
over a distance of 1 meter, the output force over a distance of 0.1 meter is ideally
A) 200 N.
B) 500 N.
C) 1000 N.
D) 2000 N.
E) none of the above
Two lamps with different filament thicknesses, and therefore different resistances, are
connected in series. Greater current is in the lamp with the
A) thick filament.
B) thin filament.
C) same in each
A volume of air that is compressed with no heat entering or leaving becomes
A) cooler.
B) remain unchanged.
C) warmer.
D) none of the above
A wave travels an average distance of one meter in one second with a frequency of 1
hertz. Its amplitude is
A) less than 1 meter.
B) 1 meter.
C) more than 1 meter.
D) need more information
The direction of a gravitational field is
A) in the same direction as gravitational attraction.
B) away from the center of gravity of an object.
C) opposite to the direction of gravitational attraction.
Pigeons navigate primarily by
A) a good memory.
B) a keen sense of smell.
C) magnetic sensors in their heads.
D) ultra-high-pitched sounds.
E) none of the above
A car’s engine is 20% efficient. When cruising, the car encounters an average retarding
force of 1000 N. If the energy content of fuel is 40 megajoules per liter, how many
kilometers per liter does the car achieve?
A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 14
E) none of the above
The minimum number of forces that act on a book resting on a table is
A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
D) 4.
E) none of the above
When tuning a radio to a particular station, you match the frequency of the internal
electrical circuit with the frequency of the wanted radio station. What principle is being
employed?
A) forced vibrations
B) resonance
C) beats
D) reverberation
E) wave interference
If gold were used as nuclear fuel, it would be best
A) fused.
B) fissioned.
C) either of these
A hydraulic press multiplies a force by 100, which is done at the expense of
A) energy, which is divided by 100.
B) the distance through which the force acts.
C) the time through which the force acts.
D) the mechanism providing the force.
E) none of the above
The major difference between phosphorescent and fluorescent materials is
A) a time delay between excitation and de-excitation.
B) a difference in brightness.
C) the greenish color of phosphorescence.
D) none of the above
A miracle car with a 100% efficient engine burns fuel having a 40-megajoules-per-liter
energy content. If air drag and overall frictional forces at highway speeds totals 1000 N,
what distance per liter can be achieved on the highway?
A) 30 km
B) 40 km
C) 50 km
D) more than 50 km
E) need more information
Earth’s primary energy source is
A) the Sun.
B) fossil fuel.
C) electricity.
D) geothermal.
When a falling object has reached its terminal velocity, its acceleration is
A) zero.
B) g.
C) constant.
Internal energy is greater in a
A) cup of boiling-hot tea.
B) fire-engine pail of boiling-hot tea.
C) both the same
Which piece of glass will warm up quicker in sunlight?
A) colored glass
B) clear glass
C) both the same
A molecule has
A) mass.
B) structure.
C) energy.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Each of us weighs a tiny bit less inside the ground floor of a skyscraper than we do on
the ground away from the skyscraper because the
A) gravitational field is shielded inside the building.
B) mass of the building above slightly attracts us upward.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
The temperature at which water freezes is the same as the temperature at which
A) ice melts.
B) water boils in a pressure cooker.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
A car traveling along the highway brakes to a stop over a certain distance. More braking
force is required if the car has
A) more mass.
B) more momentum.
C) less stopping distance.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
The source of electrons that illuminate a common lamp in your home is
A) the power company.
B) the electrical outlet.
C) atoms in the lamp filament.
D) the wires leading to the lamp.
E) the source voltage.
As more lamps are connected in a series circuit, the overall current in the power source
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) stays the same.
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle is
A) noticeable only for submicroscopic particles.
B) a fundamental principle in quantum mechanics.
C) predominant in the atomic domain.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
If more horizontal force is applied to a sliding object than is needed to maintain a
constant velocity, the object
A) accelerates in the direction of the applied force.
B) accelerates opposite the direction of the applied force.
C) experiences greater friction.
D) none of the above
Radio waves travel
A) always much faster than sound waves.
B) in common cases at the same speed as sound waves.
C) slower, on average, than sound waves.
D) at a speed that depends on frequency.
Your pet hamster sits on a record player that has constant angular speed. If the hamster
moves to a point twice as far from the center, then its linear speed
A) doubles.
B) halves.
C) remains the same.
If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, the relative speed between you and your
image is
A) half your speed.
B) your speed.
C) twice your speed.
D) none of the above
When the Sun shines on the Moon, the Moon casts a shadow
A) at all times.
B) that is tapered.
C) that sometimes falls on Earth.
D) all of the above
The source of all waves is
A) something that vibrates.
B) energy.
C) a force of some kind.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
An example of a heat engine is
A) an aircraft turbine.
B) an automobile internal combustion motor.
C) the steam engine of a railroad train.
D) the gasoline motor of a leaf blower.
E) all of the above
Figure L-1
The diagram is of a simple spectroscope. If lens #1 were omitted, the resulting spectrum
would be
1) much dimmer.
2) upside down.
3) no different.
If, instead, the slit were opened too wide, the middle of the spectrum would appear
4) white.
5) much narrower.
6) black.
7) a broader yellow.
A very massive body A and a less massive body B move toward each other under the
influence of gravity. Compared to the force on A, the force on B is
1) greater.
2) the same.
3) less.
As A and B get closer and closer, each experiences an increase in
4) velocity.
5) acceleration.
6) force.
7) all of these.
8) none of these.
In the process of evaporation
1) heavier atoms are most prone to leave the liquid,
2) there is a net gain in the number of atoms in the liquid,
3) energy is absorbed by the liquid,
4) all of these,
5) none of these,
and the average rate of molecular motion for the atoms remaining in the liquid
6) increases.
7) decreases.
8) remains unchanged.
A radioactive isotope has a half-life of one week. At the end of two weeks the amount
remaining is
1) none,
2) one-eighth,
3) one-quarter,
4) one-half,
and at the end of three weeks the amount remaining is
5) none.
6) one-eighth.
7) one-quarter.
8) one-half.
Light bends as it
1) passes a massive star,
2) traverses any gravitational field,
3) both of these,
4) none of these,
and when emitted from a massive star, light is
5) red shifted.
6) blue shifted.
7) speeded up.
8) none of these.
When gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume, its density is
1) halved,
2) unchanged,
3) doubled,
4) quadrupled,
and neglecting any temperature changes we would find the gas pressure to be
5) halved.
6) unchanged.
7) doubled.
8) quadrupled.
Evaporation of water from a tea kettle takes place
1) at the surface of the water,
2) at the bottom of the water,
3) throughout the water,
whereas boiling takes place
4) at the surface of the water.
5) at the bottom of the water.
6) throughout the water.
none of these.
Figure S-1
Which wave has the greatest period of oscillation?
1) Wave I
2) Wave II
3) Wave III
4) Wave IV
If the waves have the same frequency, which is going by with the greatest speed?
5) Wave I
6) Wave II
7) Wave III
8) Wave IV
9) all have the same speed
Figure E/M-4
Refer to the figure above. Assume the switch in the primary has been closed for a few
minutes. Then there is a current in the
1) primary, but not the secondary.
2) secondary, but not the primary.
3) primary and secondary.
4) neither the primary nor the secondary.
When the switch is opened suddenly, current in the primary
5) decreases, while current builds up in the secondary.
6) increases, while current decreases in the secondary.
According to the principle of equivalence in general relativity,
1) space and time are aspects of each other.
2) energy and mass are aspects of each other.
3) electricity and magnetism are aspects of each other.
4) observations made in an accelerating frame are indistinguishable from observations
made in a gravitational field.
5) all of the above.
Einstein’s gravitation theory obeys the principle of correspondence in that it
6) corresponds to a truer description of events in very strong gravitational fields.
7) is a special case of Newton’s theory.
8) has been proven in repeated experiments.
9) agrees with the proven results of Newton’s theory.
10) cannot distinguish between observations made in an accelerating frame and a
gravitational field.
A golf ball moving forward with 1 unit of momentum strikes a heavy bowling ball that
is initially at rest. After the golf ball bounces backward, the bowling ball is in motion
with a momentum that must be
1) 1 unit.
2) more than 1 unit.
3) less than 1 unit.
The magnitude of the golf ball’s momentum after collision must be somewhat less than
1 unit, for otherwise a violation would occur in the conservation of
4) energy.
5) momentum.
6) both.
7) neither.
To say that an object is being accelerated, means that
1) it is at rest,
2) it is moving,
3) it is either at a state of rest or a state of constant velocity,
4) its state of motion is changing,
and we define acceleration to be
5) a change in speed.
6) a change in velocity.
7) the rate at which speed changes.
8) the rate at which velocity changes.
If a battleship in a canal lock sinks, the water level in the canal will
1) rise.
2) fall.
3) remain unchanged.
In the submerged condition, the amount of water displaced is equal to the battleship’s
4) weight.
5) volume.
6) density.