The principal difference between a step-up and step-down transformer is
A) step-up transformers can handle more current.
B) different geometries.
C) different ratios of turns for each set of loops or coils.
D) none of the above
Answer:
Action and reaction forces are parts of
A) a single interaction.
B) a pair of interactions.
C) multiple interactions.
Answer:
Which of the above molecules would be acidic?
A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) a or d
Answer:
Why is the Kuiper belt considered to be a zone of failed planet formation?
A) The dwarf planets found therein have yet to fully accrete all of the material in their
orbital paths.
B) There is simply not enough material within the dwarf planet’s orbital paths for any of
them to ever add up to full planetary status.
C) Because none of the dwarf planets are massive enough to maintain an atmosphere.
D) Both A and B are reasonable.
Answer:
A stone is thrown vertically upward. At the top of its vertical path its acceleration is
A) zero.
B) 10 m/s2.
C) somewhat less than 10 m/s2.
D) undetermined.
Answer:
An unconformity is
A) a scientific debate between Earth scientists.
B) when younger igneous plutonic rocks are above older sediments.
C) a continuous sequence of sedimentary layers.
D) a gap in an otherwise continuous time-sequence of rock layers.
Answer:
What would the concentration of OH– be if the concentration of H3O+ was 1 10-5M?
[H3O+] [OH–] = Kw = 1 10-14
A) 1 10-14
B) 1 10-5
C) 1 109
D) 1 105
E) 1 10-9
Answer:
The force of a falling apple hitting the ground depends upon
A) the speed of the apple just before it hits the ground.
B) the time of contact with the ground.
C) whether or not the apple bounces.
D) all of the above
Answer:
The three most common cementing agents in a sedimentary rock are
A) silica, calcite, and hematite.
B) calcite, silica, and iron oxide.
C) silica, carbonate, and feldspar.
D) silica, iron oxide, and sandstone.
Answer:
Why do hot water heaters lose their efficiency quicker in households with hard water?
A) The hard water calcium and magnesium ions corrode the heating element.
B) The hard water calcium carbonate deposits oxidize the inner tank wall.
C) The calcium carbonate on the inner surface of the hot water tank builds up to the
point that it insulates the water from the heating element.
D) The hard water calcium ions exchange with iron ions from the inner metal wall
which react with the water heater base to form rust and deteriorate the bottom of the
tank.
Answer:
The primary driving force of Earth’s weather is
A) atmospheric change.
B) solar radiation.
C) temperature difference.
D) the oceans.
Answer:
A projectile that is fired vertically at 8 km/s from Earth’s surface will
A) go into circular orbit about Earth.
B) rise and fall back to Earth’s surface.
C) follow an uncertain path.
D) escape from Earth.
Answer:
A cloud of interstellar gas is held together by
A) the gravitational force.
B) infrared radiation.
C) electromagnetism.
D) All of the above.
Answer:
Deltas form as
A) periodic flooding clogs stream channels.
B) erosion clogs stream channels.
C) stream gradient decreases.
D) streams enter a standing body of water.
Answer:
Which of the following diagrams best represents the size of the atomic nucleus relative
to the size of the atom?
A B C D
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
Answer:
In water, does the molecule lysergic acid diethylamide act as an acid, a base, neither or
both?
A) acid
B) base
C) neither an acid or a base
D) both as an acid and as a base
Answer:
Which of the following molecules is a branched hydrocarbon?
A) a
B) b
C) c
D) All of the above are branched hydrocarbons.
E) only a and b
Answer:
How many electrons are there in the third shell of sodium, Na (atomic number 11)?
A) none
B) one
C) two
D) three
Answer:
The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction
A) of wave travel.
B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel.
C) opposite to wave travel.
Answer:
What do the brackets in the following equation represent?
[H3O+] [OH–] = Kw
A) The brackets mean the molarity of the compound inside them.
B) The molecule inside does not react with the other molecules in brackets.
C) The molecule in brackets is undergoing hydrogen bonding with the other molecule in
brackets.
D) The first molecule in brackets is an acid and it reacts with the second molecule in
brackets, which is a base.
E) none of the above
Answer:
Which of the following is an ion?
A) 2 H2
B) Br2
C) HCl
D) Au + 3 Br2
E) none of the above
Answer:
A black hole has
A) about the same mass as the original star from which it formed.
B) infinite mass.
C) about half the mass of the star from which it formed.
D) a mass that widely fluctuates.
Answer:
Increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1C requires
A) 1 calorie.
B) 50 calories.
C) more than 50 calories.
D) none of the above
Answer:
The Paleozoic era begins with the Cambrian and concludes with the
A) Ordovician period.
B) Silurian period.
C) Permian period.
D) Triassic period.
Answer:
Entropy is most closely related to the
A) first law of thermodynamics.
B) second law of thermodynamics.
C) both of these
D) none of the above
Answer:
A vertically oriented rocket that is able to sustain a continuous upward velocity of 8
km/s will
A) eventually escape from Earth.
B) be unable to escape Earth.
C) maintain a fixed orbit around Earth.
Answer:
When a funnel cloud touches the ground, it becomes a
A) hurricane.
B) thunderstorm.
C) tornado.
D) cyclone.
Answer:
Why do we use the pH scale to indicate the acidity of a solution rather than simply
stating the concentration of hydronium ions?
A) It includes the concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions.
B) It is used because the general public understands it.
C) It is more accurate to use the pH scale.
D) It is more convenient, since the concentration of hydronium ions is so small.
Answer:
The Bernoulli effect causes fast-moving vans on the highway to be drawn together
when
A) air speeds up in passing between them.
B) air between them stagnates.
C) they experience lift.
D) all of the above
Answer:
At some point between Earth and the Moon, the forces due to gravity on a space
traveler would be the same when this point is
A) nearer Earth.
B) nearer the Moon.
C) mid-way between Earth and the Moon.
D) none of the above
Answer:
Which of the following elements is in the fourth period?
A) chromium (Cr)
B) hydrogen (H)
C) beryllium(Be)
D) carbon (C)
E) zirconium (Zr)
Answer:
The nearest star system closest to our Sun is about
A) 4 light years away.
B) 20 light years away.
C) 100 light years away.
D) 40,000 light years away.
Answer:
When you touch a hot penny in the sunlight with your finger, energy flows
A) from your finger to the penny.
B) from the penny to your finger.
C) both ways.
Answer:
Air currents are sensitive to changes in pressure and temperature. In general, air moves
from regions of
A) high pressure to regions of low pressure.
B) low pressure to regions of high pressure.
C) high temperature and low pressure to regions of low temperature and high pressure.
D) low temperature and high pressure to regions of high temperature and low pressure.
Answer: