The event that changes a protostar to a full-fledged star is
A) gravitational collapse.
B) gravitational expansion.
C) thermonuclear fusion.
D) the emission of light.
E) a catastrophic increase in temperature.
Answer:
When a rocket ship gaining speed in remote, gravity-free outer space runs out of fuel, it
A) gains speed for a short time, then slows down to a constant velocity.
B) gains speed for a short time, slows down, and eventually stops.
C) no longer gains speed.
D) comes to a quick stop.
Answer:
A block of Styrofoam floats on water while a same-size lead block lies submerged in
the water. The buoyant force is greatest on the
A) lead.
B) Styrofoam.
C) same for both
Answer:
In the Southern Hemisphere, the direction of Ekman transport is
A) at a 45 angle from the wind direction.
B) parallel to the wind direction.
C) to the right of the wind direction.
D) to the left of the wind direction.
Answer:
When we speak of time dilation, we mean that time
A) compresses with speed.
B) stretches with speed.
C) is constant at all speeds.
Answer:
The process of photosynthesis is important because it
A) converts carbon and water to hydrocarbon and free oxygen.
B) contributed to the development of an ozone layer.
C) is an energy source that drives the geologic process.
D) allowed increased infiltration of solar energy.
Answer:
The beginning of the Paleozoic is marked by the emergence of
A) organisms with hard parts.
B) fish and fungi.
C) extensive glaciated deposits.
D) none of these
Answer:
The break-up of Pangaea began in the Mesozoic era
A) with the rifting apart of North America and Africa.
B) with the collision of North America with Africa.
C) with the formation of the Himalayan Mountains.
D) at the end of the Ordovician.
Answer:
Complete the following nuclear equation:
Bi → ?? + e
A) Po
B) Pb
C) Pb
D) Th
E) none of the above
Answer:
A 5-kg fish swimming at 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish swimming toward
it at 4 m/s. The speed of the larger fish after lunch is
A) 1/2 m/s.
B) 1/5 m/s.
C) 1/6 m/s.
D) 2/3 m/s.
E) 3/2 m/s.
Answer:
Where would you expect to isolate molecules in a fractionating tower that have a large
number of interatomic forces?
A) near the bottom
B) near the top
C) near the middle
D) Fractional distillation takes advantage of molecular weight.
E) Fractional distillation takes advantage of the number of isomers.
Answer:
If the same quantity of heat is added to both a 2-liter and a 4-liter container of water, the
temperature change in the 4-liter container will be
A) less.
B) the same.
C) greater.
Answer:
A bass fiddle is louder than a harp because of its
A) thicker strings.
B) sounding board.
C) lower pitch.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer:
Much of the charge on a conducting cube is
A) uniformly spread over its surface.
B) partly beneath the surface.
C) mutually repelled toward its corners.
D) none of the above
Answer:
Why is it important for a chemist to know the relative masses of atoms?
A) There are not that many different kinds of atoms and so it’s important to know how
they relate to one another.
B) It provides information about how many atoms two samples have relative to each
other.
C) It provides an indication of how the different atoms will interact.
D) Because the mass of an atom is directly related to its chemical properties.
Answer:
As ocean currents carry warm water from equatorial regions northward, lands bordering
the ocean are warmed. A prime example of such warming is the
A) Doldrums.
B) Coriolis force.
C) Gulf Stream.
D) Horse latitudes.
Answer:
The Ekman transport spiral is driven
A) by density differences in the water column.
B) by gravity.
C) solely by the Coriolis force.
D) by the wind.
Answer:
Hydrothermal vents deep beneath the ocean surface attain temperatures far above 100C
due to
A) higher salt content.
B) reduced salt content.
C) greater pressure.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer:
The temperature of boiling water is
A) 100C.
B) 212F.
C) both of these
Answer:
The movement of water in a wave travels
A) with the wave.
B) in a circular path at and just below the water surface.
C) in a circular path at a depth of one-half the wavelength.
D) in both a longitudinal and circular path.
Answer:
Rocks begin to deform when they are stressed. Near Earth’s surface, when stress is
severe, the rock
A) behaves plasticallyit folds and flows.
B) Is brittleit breaks producing faults and fractures.
C) has brittle deformationit folds and flows.
D) has plastic deformationit faults and fractures.
Answer:
The element bromine, Br (atomic number 35), has two major isotopes of similar
abundance, both around 50 percent. The atomic mass of bromine is reported in the
periodic table as 79.904 atomic mass units. Choose the most likely set of mass numbers
for these two bromine isotopes.
A) Br-80, Br-81
B) Br-79, Br-80
C) Br-79, Br-81
D) Br-78, Br-80
Answer:
A girl pushes a cart to the left with a 100-N force. At the same time a boy pushes it to
the right with a 50-N force. The net force exerted on the cart is
A) 50 N to the left.
B) 50 N to the right.
C) 100 N to the left.
D) 100 N to the right.
Answer:
How is the number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom related to the number of
bonds that the atom can form?
A) There is no defined relationship between the number of unpaired valence electrons
and number of bonds that the atom can form.
B) The number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom is one-half the number of
bonds that the atom can form.
C) The number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom is twice the number of bonds
that the atom can form.
D) The number of unpaired valence electrons in an atom is the same as the number of
bonds that the atom can form.
Answer:
Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has
A) more thermal energy at higher temperature.
B) less thermal energy at higher temperature.
C) about the same thermal energy but at a higher temperature.
D) none of the above
Answer:
The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has mainly to do with
water’s
A) poor conductivity.
B) vast supply of thermal energy.
C) high specific heat capacity.
D) high evaporation rate.
E) absorption of solar energy.
Answer:
Earth’s Moon is about the
A) same size of a typical asteroid.
B) much bigger than a typical asteroid.
C) much smaller than a typical asteroid.
Answer:
Why does plutonium not occur in appreciable amounts in natural ore deposits?
A) Most naturally occurring plutonium deposits have already been depleted in the
creation of nuclear weapons.
B) Plutonium is strictly a human-made element.
C) Any plutonium initially in the earth’s crust has long since decayed.
D) Plutonium loses electrons to form positively charged particles that have long since
washed into the oceans.
Answer:
What aspect of Titan may hold clues as to what Earth was like before life arose here?
A) its intense volcanic activity
B) its expansive liquid oceans
C) the rate of radioactive decay of its inner core
D) an intriguing soup of organic molecules
Answer:
A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then
the current in the secondary coil is
A) 2 A.
B) 5 A.
C) 10 A.
D) 25 A.
E) none of the above
Answer:
Atoms of nonmetallic elements form covalent bonds, but they can also form ionic
bonds. How is this possible?
A) This happens when one of the bonded nonmetallic elements has a strong
electronegativity.
B) It happens when one of the nonmetallic elements loses an electron to become a
positive ion.
C) An ionic bond results when a nonmetallic elements loses an electron to a metallic
element.
D) An ionic bond results when a nonmetallic elements gains an electron from a metallic
element.
Answer:
Which of the above molecules is a phenol?
A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) a and d
Answer: