A heat pump can
A) cool an environment.
B) warm an environment.
C) both of these
D) none of the above
Answer:
Solar radiation consists of waves principally in the
A) ultraviolet, visible short-wavelength range.
B) long-wavelength infrared range.
C) long wavelengths that cannot escape the Earth’s atmosphere.
D) short wavelengths that cannot escape the Earth’s atmosphere.
Answer:
When subsurface ground material is completely saturated with water, we call it
A) the water table.
B) groundwater.
C) the saturated zone.
D) the unsaturated zone.
Answer:
Which would you expect to have a higher melting point: sodium chloride, NaCl, or
cesium chloride, CsCl? Why?
A) The cesium chloride has a higher melting point because larger ions of the same
charge are able to attract more ions of the opposite charge.
B) The cesium chloride has a higher melting point because its ions are smaller, which
makes the charges more dense.
C) The sodium chloride has a higher melting point because of the greater charges of the
ions, and hence the greater force of attractions between them.
D) The sodium chloride has a higher melting point because its ions are smaller, which
allows oppositely charged ions to get closer.
Answer:
Landforms created by glacial erosion include
A) hanging valleys, cirques, and drumlins.
B) cirques, drumlins, and roches moutonnees.
C) eskers, kettle lakes, and hanging valleys.
D) hanging valleys, cirques, and roches moutonnees.
Answer:
The longest mountain chain in the world is the
A) mid-ocean ridge.
B) Himalayas.
C) Appalachians.
D) Sierra Nevada.
Answer:
When a hydronium ion concentration equals 1 moles per liter, what is the pH of
the solution? Is the solution acidic or basic?
A) The pH of this solution is 4, which is acidic.
B) The pH of this solution is 8, which is basic.
C) The pH of this solution is 6, which is acidic.
D) The pH of this solution is 10, which is basic.
Answer:
Magnetic surveys of the ocean floors reveal
A) alternating stripes of normal and reversed polarity paralleling the mid-Atlantic ridge.
B) thin oceanic crust composed of basaltic rocks.
C) that reversed polarity is rare.
D) all of the above.
Answer:
How many electrons are gained or lost in the following half-reaction?
Na → Na+
A) 1 electron is lost
B) 1/2 electron is gained
C) 1/2 electron is lost
D) 1 electron is gained
E) 2 electrons are gained
Answer:
Fish don’t live very long in water that has just been boiled and brought back to room
temperature. Suggest why.
A) There is now a higher concentration of dissolved C in the water.
B) The nutrients in the water have been destroyed.
C) Since some of the water was evaporated while boiling, the salts in the water are now
more concentrated. This has a negative effect on the fish.
D) The boiling process removes the air that was dissolved in the water. Upon cooling
the water is void of its usual air content, hence, the fish drown.
Answer:
Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition, red or blue?
A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level
transition.
B) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level
transition.
C) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level
transition.
D) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level
transition.
Answer:
The nucleus of an atom is charged
A) positively.
B) negatively.
C) both of these
D) none of the above
Answer:
When a simple machine multiplies force, it decreases
A) potential energy.
B) distance moved.
C) both of these
D) none of the above
Answer:
Surrounding every stationary electron is
A) a magnetic field.
B) an electric field.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Answer:
Relative dating tells us the
A) time gaps that occur during deposition.
B) age of rock layers.
C) sequence of rock layerswhich formed first, second, and last.
D) actual date of formation for a rock layer.
Answer:
A chunk of gold weighs 1 N on Earth. On the Moon its weight would be
A) less.
B) the same.
C) more.
Answer:
When a mirror with a fixed beam on it is rotated through a certain angle, the reflected
beam is rotated through an angle
A) equal to the angle of rotation.
B) twice as much.
C) four times as much.
D) none of the above
Answer:
Daily afternoon thunderstorms along the Gulf Coast are most likely caused by a
A) continental tropical air mass.
B) continental polar air mass.
C) maritime tropical air mass.
D) maritime polar air mass.
Answer:
Explain why caprylic acid, C (C COOH, dissolves in a 5 percent aqueous solution
of sodium hydroxide but caprylaldehyde, C (C CHO, does not.
A) With two oxygens the caprylic acid is about twice as polar the caprylaldehyde.
B) The caprylaldehyde is a gas at room temperature.
C) The caprylaldehyde behaves as a reducing agent, which neutralizes the sodium
hydroxide.
D) The caprylic acid reacts to form the water soluble salt.
Answer:
Atmospheric refraction makes the daylight hours
A) longer.
B) shorter.
C) neither
Answer:
In comparison to P-waves, S-waves
A) compress and expand the rock as they move through it.
B) can travel through all mediumssolid granite, magma, water and/or air.
C) can travel only through solidsnot in fluids.
D) are fast and the first to register on a seismograph.
Answer:
Warm air rises and cool air sinks. So, when an air parcel rises it becomes
A) cooler.
B) warmer.
C) more stable.
D) less stable.
Answer:
The origin of Earth’s oceans is from
A) comet debris.
B) melting of polar ice caps.
C) volcanic eruptions.
D) comets and volcanic eruptions.
Answer:
The most common depositional shoreline feature is a
A) beach.
B) wave-cut platform.
C) barrier island.
D) seamount.
Answer:
Considering how small atoms are, what are the chances that at least one of the atoms
exhaled in your first breath will be in your last breath?
A) Not very likely because atoms are constantly dematerializing.
B) Not possible at all because atom don’t last that long.
C) Very probable because atoms are incredibly small.
D) There’s not really a way that scientists are able to make such an estimate.
Answer:
A Mack truck and a Mini Cooper traveling at the same speed collide head-on. The
collision force is greatest on the
A) Mini Cooper.
B) Mack truck.
C) same on both
Answer:
An element has two different isotopes: one that weighs 65 amu and another that weighs
67 amu. If the average atomic mass of all the isotopes is 66.5 amu, what can be said
about the relative abundance of the isotopes?
A) The isotope with the mass of 67 is more abundant than the isotope with the mass of
65.
B) The isotope with the mass of 65 is more abundant than the isotope with the mass of
67.
C) The isotope with the mass of 66.5 is more abundant than the isotope with the mass of
67.
D) The isotope with the mass of 66.5 is more abundant than the isotope with the mass
of 65.
E) All the isotopes have the same relative abundance.
Answer:
To scale, if Earth were the size of a basketball, then the Moon would be about the size
of a
A) bowling ball.
B) tennis ball.
C) ping-pong ball.
D) marble.
Answer:
When ice that floats in water melts, the surrounding water level
A) falls.
B) remains unchanged.
C) rises.
Answer:
In general, sinkholes are found in areas
A) dominated by limestone.
B) in which groundwater is being pumped out of the ground too quickly.
C) where the dominant rock is shale.
D) with extensive irrigation systems.
Answer:
What is the major rock-forming mineral group? Give examples of minerals in this
group.
Answer:
Describe the conditions of Earth during the Precambrian.
Answer:
What is the difference between an insulator and a conductor of electricity? Give
examples of each.
Answer:
Body waves can be divided into two typesprimary waves and secondary waves. What is
the difference between these two types of body waves?
Answer:
What holds a circularly-moving satellite in orbit while the force of gravity pulls
downward on it?
Answer:
How does sediment turn into sedimentary rock?
Answer:
Describe the plate tectonic theory.
Answer:
What spectacular development in organisms marks the beginning of the Paleozoic era?
Answer:
An aquifer is a reservoir of water beneath the ground surface. Describe five physical
zones in an aquifer. (Hint: Consider in-flow and out-flow.)
Answer:
State and explain Faraday’s law of induction.
Answer:
The break-up of Pangaea had worldwide consequenceshow did this impact climate and
sea level?
Answer:
Give two explanations of why a cannonball fired from a long-barrel cannon will have a
greater velocity than from a shorter cannon.
Answer:
What types of rocks are representative of the principle of original horizontality? Why?
Answer:
What three factors affect stream speed?
Answer:
What type of igneous formation would agree with the principle of superposition?
Answer:
What is the most common depositional feature created by the work of the oceans?
Answer:
Why will a helium-filled balloon rise in air while an air-filled balloon sinks?
Answer:
Can metamorphism, caused solely by elevated temperature, occur without the presence
of magma? Why or why not?
Answer:
Explain what is meant by saying a thermometer measures its own temperature.
Answer:
What types of events ended the Paleozoic era?
Answer: