If a satellite’s radial velocity is zero at all times, its orbit must be
A) parabolic.
B) elliptical.
C) circular.
D) geosynchronous.
Answer:
When an object absorbs as much as it radiates
A) it remains at about the same temperature.
B) it is a net absorber.
C) it is a net radiator.
D) none of the above
Answer:
In which of these processes is an element transformed into a completely different
element?
A) alpha decay
B) beta decay
C) both of these
D) none of the above
Answer:
A region of expanding air tends to
A) cool.
B) warm.
C) both of the these
D) neither of these
Answer:
A bungee jumper attains a speed of 30 m/s just as the bungee cord begins to stretch. If
the period of stretch is 2 s while coming to a halt, the jumper’s average deceleration is
about
A) 0.5 g.
B) g.
C) 1.5 g.
D) 2 g.
Answer:
The calories needed to change 10 grams of ice at 0oC to steam at 100oC is
A) 6200.
B) 6400.
C) 7200.
D) 8000.
E) none of the above
Answer:
If air were a better conductor, at nighttime Earth would be
A) considerably colder.
B) considerably warmer.
C) not appreciably different in temperature.
Answer:
A 10-N falling object encounters 4 N of air resistance. The net force on the object is
A) 0 N.
B) 4 N.
C) 6 N.
D) 10 N.
E) none of the above
Answer:
If we increase the brightness of violet light shining on a photosensitive surface we also
increases the
A) number of electrons ejected per second.
B) kinetic energy of the ejected electrons.
C) threshold frequency.
D) time lag between the absorption of blue light and ejection of electrons.
E) none of the above
Answer:
The highest frequency of visible light is
A) red.
B) green.
C) blue.
D) violet.
E) all the same
Answer:
Each note on a piano keyboard has its own
A) pitch.
B) loudness.
C) wavelength.
D) amplitude.
E) none of the above
Answer:
The air pressure in a container of air at 27oC will double when heated to
A) 54 degrees C.
B) 300 degrees C.
C) 327 degrees C.
D) 600 degrees C.
E) none of the above
Answer:
The electrical force between electric charges depends only on their
A) magnitude.
B) separation distance.
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Answer:
According to de Broglie, destructive interference occurs when an orbiting wave
A) reinforces itself
B) doesn’t reinforce itself.
C) neither of these
Answer:
A total solar eclipse occurs for people in the Sun’s
A) umbra.
B) penumbra.
C) none of these
Answer:
The equivalent (combined) resistance of 1-ohm, 2-ohm, and 3-ohm in series is about
A) 1 ohm
B) 1.8 ohms.
C) 6 ohms.
D) 9 ohms.
Answer:
Compared with Newton’s theory of gravity, Einstein’s theory is
A) an exception to the correspondence principle.
B) in accord with the correspondence principle.
C) neither of these
Answer:
Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are
A) negative.
B) smaller.
C) loosely bound.
D) none of the above
Answer:
Unlike Bohr, Schrdinger viewed electrons as
A) fixed in position.
B) traveling in circles.
C) tiny bullets.
D) waves.
Answer:
If 10 J of work is used in pushing 1 C of charge into an electric field, its electric
potential relative to its starting position is
A) less than 10 V.
B) 10 V.
C) more then 10 V.
D) none of the above
Answer:
The weight of a 1-centimer cubed metal cube scaled up by a factor of 10 will be
A) ten times as much.
B) a hundred times as much.
C) a thousand times as much.
D) none of the above
Answer:
When sunlight from air enters water, light that refracts most is
A) red.
B) orange.
C) green.
D) violet.
E) all refract the same amount
Answer:
When a load is placed on a properly arched structure, compression
A) weakens the structure.
B) strengthens the structure.
C) neither of these
Answer:
Relative to a fossil-fuel plant, a nuclear power plant produces
A) more electricity.
B) less heat and smoke.
C) less pollution.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer:
The vast numbers of electrons in a coin don’t fly off the surface because
A) mutual repulsion is incomplete.
B) they are attracted by an equal number of protons.
C) they are strongly bonded to their atoms.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer:
If you wish to expand the volume of a sample of water at 4oC
A) raise its temperature a bit.
B) lower its temperature a bit.
C) either of these
D) neither of these
Answer:
In a converging lens, objects infinitely far away are focused
A) in front of the focal point.
B) at the focal point.
C) beyond the focal point.
Answer:
Iron absorption lines that occur in the solar spectrum indicate that iron exists in the
solar
A) atmosphere.
B) surface.
C) interior.
D) none of the above
Answer:
According to Newton, when the distance between two interacting objects doubles, the
gravitational force is
A) half.
B) one-quarter.
C) the same.
D) twice as much.
E) four times as much.
Answer:
The resistance of a filament that carries 2 A when a 10-V potential difference across it is
A) 2 ohms.
B) 5 ohms.
C) 10 ohms.
D) 20 ohms.
E) more than 20 ohms.
Answer:
When you compress air with a tire pump, the air temperature in the tire
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains unaffected.
D) none of the above
Answer:
Sounds from musical instruments are produced by
A) vibrating strings.
B) vibrating air columns.
C) percussion.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer:
You’re driving down the highway and a bug spatters into your windshield. Which
undergoes the greater change in momentum during the time of contact?
A) the bug
B) your car
C) both the same
Answer:
The rule stating that the sum of two emitted frequencies in an atomic spectrum equals a
third frequency is consistent with
A) momentum conservation.
B) energy conservation.
C) Planck’s constant.
D) none of the above
Answer:
Most of the mass of material that makes up a plasma is
A) electrically neutral.
B) always positively charged.
C) always negatively charged.
Answer:
If the sky were ordinarily yellow-orange instead of blue, then sunsets would appear
1) orange,
2) green,
3) blue,
4) black,
which has to do with
5) the polarization of sunlight.
6) yellow-orange and sky blue being complementary colors.
7) the refraction of sunlight through the thicker atmosphere.
Answer:
Figure V-5
A small railroad car is pulled by a rope as shown in the sketch (top view). The force F
that the rope exerts on the car has a component along the track and another component
perpendicular to the track. Judging from the diagram, the larger of these two
components would be
1) along the track.
2) perpendicular to the track.
These components will be equal if
3) the rope makes an angle of 45o with the track.
4) the rope is pulled in a direction along the track, rather than at an angle to it.
5) they form an action-reaction pair on the car.
6) but they can never really be equal.
Answer:
Which of the following expands most when temperature is increased?
1) iron
2) ice water
3) helium
4) all expand the same
Which of the following expands most when temperature is decreased?
5) iron
6) ice water
7) helium
8) all expand the same
Answer:
If the Moon were covered with water, it would have
1) one high tidal bulge,
2) two high tidal bulges,
3) three high tidal bulges,
4) no tidal bulges,
which would follow from
5) the same reason that Earth has two high tidal bulges.
6) no centrifugal force tide would exist on the Moon.
7) the Moon being much less massive than Earth.
8) the center of mass of Earth-Moon system that lies halfway to the Moon.
Answer:
Figure A-3
If the mass per nucleon in atomic nuclei varied as shown in the fictitious plot above,
then nuclear energy would be available from the element iron (atomic no. 26 by the
process of nuclear
1) fission.
2) fusion.
3) both.
4) neither.
Accordingly, hydrogen would yield energy by nuclear
5) fission.
6) fusion.
7) both.
8) neither.
9) not enough information to say.
Answer:
Compared to a soft sound, the speed of a loud sound is
1) less,
2) greater,
3) the same,
and compared to low-frequency sound, higher-frequency sound travels
4) more slowly.
5) faster.
6) the same speed.
Answer:
Figure N-3
If an 800-N man hangs motionless from four vertical strands of rope, then the tension in
each strand of rope is
1) 0 N
2) 200 N
3) 400 N
4) 800 N
which results in a net force on the man of
5) 0 N.
6) 200 N.
7) 400 N.
8) 800 N.
Answer:
Doubling the linear size of an object multiplies its area by
1) two,
2) four,
3) six,
4) eight,
and its volume and weight by
5) two.
6) four.
7) six.
8) eight.
Answer:
Figure V-3
The weight of the barrel on the slope is shown by the vector which has components (not
shown) parallel to the surface of the incline and perpendicular to the surface of the
incline. Judging from the slope of incline, the greater of these two components is
1) parallel to the slope.
2) perpendicular to the slope.
3) both the same.
4) need more information
If the slope of the incline were steeper, this component vector would
5) decrease.
6) remain the same.
7) increase.
8) again, can’t really say.
Answer:
The aircraft that generates a shock wave will fly at
1) half the speed of sound.
2) exactly the speed of sound.
3) twice the speed of sound.
4) all of these.
A sonic boom is produced by a missile traveling
5) near the speed of sound.
6) at the speed of sound.
7) only above the speed of sound.
8) near, at, or above the speed of sound.
Answer:
A very massive body A and a less massive body B move toward each other under the
influence of gravity. Compared to the force on A, the force on B is
1) greater.
2) the same.
3) less.
As A and B get closer and closer, each experiences an increase in
4) velocity.
5) acceleration.
6) force.
7) all of these.
8) none of these.
Answer:
As a spaceship nears the Moon, its mass
1) varies slightly with distance,
2) increases,
3) decreases,
4) remains unchanged,
while the Moon’s gravitation force on the ship
5) increases.
6) decreases.
7) remains unchanged.
Answer:
Figure E/M-1
Refer to the identical lamps above. If the current in lamp 1 is one ampere, then the
current in lamp 2 is
1) 1/2 ampere,
2) 1/3 ampere,
3) 1 ampere,
4) 2 amperes,
and the total current in the lamps and in the dry cell is
5) 0.
6) 1/2 ampere.
8) 1/3 ampere.
9) 1 ampere.
10)3 amperes.
Answer:
Special relativity is most concerned with
1) uniform motion,
2) accelerated motion,
3) the warping of space-time,
4) gravitation,
whereas general relativity is more concerned with
5) uniform motion.
6) accelerated motion.
7) energy and mass.
8) time.
Answer:
A car increases its speed from 60 to 65 miles per hour in the same time that a bicycle
increases its speed from rest to 5 miles per hour. Acceleration is
1) greater for the car,
2) greater for the bicycle,
3) the same for each,
principally because
4) the car undergoes the greater change in velocity.
5) the bicycle has considerably less mass.
6) both undergo equal increases in velocity during the same interval of time.
Answer:
When a solid changes to a liquid and then to a gas, energy is
1) released,
2) absorbed,
and when gas changes to liquid and then to solid, energy is
3) released.
4) absorbed.
Answer:
A sports car and a moving van move at the same speed when they crash into a cement
wall and stop equally quickly. The vehicle to have the greater force of impact will be
1) the sports car,
2) the van,
3) neither, for they experience equal forces of impact
because
4) they are traveling at the same speed.
5) the van’s momentum is much greater.
6) the sport car has a greater change in velocity upon impact.
7) they both have equal momentum.
Answer: