1
Spirituals in the Christian faith tend to have themes associated with the __________.
(A)
Old Testament
(B)
New Testament
(C)
Psalms
(D)
Gospels
(E)
Sacred Harp
Answer:
(A)
Old Testament
2
__________ is a martial-arts performance accompanied by music instruments, such as
the berimbau, from Brazil.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Answer:
(C)
capoeira
3
The bombas and cajas are types of drums often used to accompany _________ ensembles
from Peru.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Answer:
(A)
sikuri
4
The tango rhythm is characterized by the absence of the __________ pulse of a four-beat
meter.
(A)
first
(B)
second
(C)
third
(D)
fourth
(E)
fifth
Answer:
(B)
second
5
The original tango dance of Argentina included at least __________ dancers.
(A)
one
(B)
two
(C)
three
(D)
four
(E)
five
Answer:
(C)
three
6
The __________ Empire was a pre-Columbian civilization found in South America.
(A)
Inca
(B)
Aztec
(C)
Maya
(D)
Capoeira
(E)
Kayapo-Xikrin
Answer:
(A)
Inca
7
The berimbau is a type of __________ used in capoeria performance.
(A)
musical bow
(B)
panpipe
(C)
guitar
(D)
accordion
(E)
double bell
Answer:
(A)
musical bow
8
Samba is a popular music associated with Carnival in __________.
(A)
Mexico
(B)
Argentina
(C)
Cuba
(D)
Brazil
(E)
Peru
Answer:
(D)
Brazil
9
The __________, a common instrument in mariachi ensembles, is simliar to a guitar.
(A)
vihuela
(B)
bandoneon
(C)
sikuri
(D)
berimbau
(E)
charango
Answer:
(A)
vihuela
10
Tango originated among the “”people of the seaport”” area in __________.
(A)
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
(B)
Port of Spain, Trinidad
(C)
Buenos Aires, Argentina
(D)
Cusco, Peru
(E)
Jalisco, Mexico
Answer:
(C)
Buenos Aires, Argentina
11
The __________ is a type of button-box accordion common to tango music.
(A)
sikuri
(B)
berimbau
(C)
charango
(D)
vihuela
(E)
bandoneon
Answer:
(E)
bandoneon
12
__________ ensembles require the musicians to interlock pitches on their instruments in
order to produce a complete melody.
(A)
Huayno
(B)
Sikuri
(C)
Charango
(D)
Bandoneon
(E)
Vihuela
Answer:
(B)
Sikuri
13
The siku is a type of __________ common to Andea music traditions.
(A)
drum
(B)
fipple flute
(C)
plucked lute
(D)
panpipe
(E)
rattle
Answer:
(D)
panpipe
14
Amazonian music tends to emphasize __________ performance.
(A)
polyrhythmic vocal
(B)
unison vocal
(C)
unison instrumental
(D)
polyrhytmic instrumental
(E)
call and response vocal
Answer:
(B)
unison vocal
15
Capoeira is best described as a __________.
(A)
religious festival
(B)
button-box accordion
(C)
martial-arts dance
(D)
musical bow
(E)
popular music heard at Carnival
Answer:
(C)
martial-arts dance
16
__________ is a popular music style associated with Carnival in Brazil.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Answer:
(B)
samba
17
The vihuela and guitarron are types of guitars associated with __________.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Answer:
(E)
mariachi
18
Harriet “”Moses”” Tubman was one of the key figures in association with __________.
(A)
the Revolutionary War
(B)
the Underground Railroad
(C)
the Civil War
(D)
19th century singing schools
(E)
the Great Migration
Answer:
(B)
the Underground Railroad
19
The “”high lonesome sound”” is associated with __________.
(A)
Blues
(B)
Bluegrass
(C)
Gospel
(D)
Spirituals
(E)
Native American Plains song
Answer:
(B)
Bluegrass
20
Conjunto and Cajun music both use a(n) __________.
(A)
fiddle
(B)
accordion
(C)
washboard
(D)
bajo sexto
(E)
flute
Answer:
(B)
21
The standard 12-bar blues progression uses only __________ harmonic chords.
(A)
two
(B)
one
(C)
four
(D)
six
(E)
three
Answer:
(E)
three
22
A characteristic that distinguishes a gospel song from a spiritual is a lyrical focus on the
__________ of the Christian Bible.
(A)
Old Testament
(B)
Psalms
(C)
New Testament
(D)
Hymns
(E)
Book of Revelation
Answer:
(C)
New Testament
23
The lyrics of African-American spirituals often have “”double meanings”” associated with
__________.
(A)
the Underground Railroad
(B)
the Civil War
(C)
Calvinism
(D)
Scottish psalmody
(E)
shape-note singing
Answer:
(A)
the Underground Railroad
24
__________ is regarded as the “”Father of Bluegrass music.””
(A)
Cecil J. Sharp
(B)
Francis J. Child
(C)
Hugh McGraw
(D)
Buddy MacMaster
(E)
Bill Monroe
Answer:
(E)
Bill Monroe
25
__________ is the most popular book used in the “”shape-note”” singing tradition.
(A)
The Child Ballads
(B)
English Folk-Songs from the Southern Appalachians
(C)
Smith & Little’s The Easy Instructor
(D)
Fa-Sol-La Hymnal
(E)
The Sacred Harp
Answer:
(E)
The Sacred Harp
26
The phonic structure of a “”lined hymn”” is best described as __________.
(A)
homophony
(B)
heterophony
(C)
monophony
(D)
independent polyphony
(E)
polyrhythm
Answer:
(B)
heterophony
27
__________, an English folk song collector, published English Folk-Songs from the
Southern Appalachians in 1917, initiating a “”Ballad-hunting”” movement in the United
States.
(A)
Francis J. Child
(B)
Hugh McGraw
(C)
Cecil J. Sharp
(D)
Buddy MacMaster
(E)
Bill Monroe
Answer:
(C)
Cecil J. Sharp
28
The music found at Native American powwow events is most often associated with the
__________ cultural region.
(A)
Plains
(B)
Inuit
(C)
Southeast
(D)
Southwest
(E)
California
Answer:
(A)
Plains
29
Cape Breton fiddling originates from __________.
(A)
Scotland
(B)
France
(C)
Spain
(D)
Ireland
(E)
Appalachia
Answer:
(A)
Scotland
30
The Amazon basin is largely found in __________.
(A)
Brazil
(B)
Peru
(C)
Argentina
(D)
Venezuela
(E)
Cusco
Answer:
(A)
Brazil
31
The “belly–bump” is commonly associated with the __________ folk style of dance.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Answer:
(B)
samba
32
__________ is a popular music tradition from the Dominican Republic.
(A)
Soca
(B)
Son
(C)
Reggae
(D)
merengue
(E)
Plena
Answer:
(D)
merengue
33
_________ is a popular music tradition from Trinidad that developed from Calypso.
(A)
Soca
(B)
Son
(C)
Reggae
(D)
Merengue
(E)
Plena
Answer:
(A)
Soca
34
The mbira dza vadzimu, karimba, and matepe are types of __________ found in
Zimbabwe.
(A)
hourglass pressure drums
(B)
lamellophones
(C)
plucked chordophones
(D)
xylophones
(E)
vocal ensembles
Answer:
(B)
lamellophones
35
The akadinda, amadinda and embaire are types of __________ common to Uganda.
(A)
hourglass pressure drums
(B)
lamellophones
(C)
plucked chordophones
(D)
xylophones
(E)
vocal ensembles
Answer:
(D)
xylophones
36
The dun-dun and gan-gan are types of __________ common to Nigeria.
(A)
hourglass pressure drums
(B)
lamellophones
(C)
plucked chordophones
(D)
xylophones
(E)
vocal ensembles
Answer:
(A)
hourglass pressure drums
37
The individual patterns of African-based polyrhythm are known as __________.
(A)
time-lines
(B)
call and response
(C)
cyclical structures
(D)
egalitarian patterns
(E)
rhythmic response
Answer:
(A)
time-lines
38
The kora is a type of __________ from Senegal.
(A)
xylophone
(B)
lamellophone
(C)
lute-harp
(D)
“”talking drum””
(E)
flute
Answer:
(C)
lute-harp
39
The akadinda is a type of __________ from Uganda.
(A)
lamellophone
(B)
lute-harp
(C)
“”talking drum””
(D)
flute
(E)
xylophone
Answer:
(E)
xylophone
40
As compared with other Sub-Saharan African xylophone traditions, the akadinda is unique
for its __________.
(A)
triple-interlocking technique
(B)
multiple cross-rhythms
(C)
use of harmony
(D)
use of multiple players on the same instrument
(E)
polyrhythmic organization
Answer:
(A)
triple-interlocking technique
41
The __________ is a lamellophone, a type of idiophone with lamellae (tongues) that
sound when flexed and released.
(A)
mbira dza vadzimu
(B)
hosho
(C)
Atumpan
(D)
kushaura
(E)
kora
Answer:
(A)
mbira dza vadzimu
42
A unique aspect of pygmy music performance is the use of __________.
(A)
call and response vocal organization
(B)
speech rhythm
(C)
instrumental improvisation
(D)
vocal polyrhythm
(E)
circle dances
Answer:
(D)
vocal polyrhythm
43
The __________ is the primary instrument of Palm Wine “”Highlife”” music.
(A)
atumpan
(B)
guitar
(C)
apremprensemma
(D)
mbira dza vadzimu
(E)
kora
Answer:
(B)
guitar
44
A “”talking drum”” is able to communicate by __________.
(A)
producing two or more tones in a polyrhythmic structure
(B)
creating simultaneous variations of the rhythmic melody
(C)
by “”responding”” to a vocal call by imitating the speech patterns
(D)
mimicking the tonal contour and speech rhythm of a language
(E)
squeezing the drum to produce a rhythmic melody
Answer:
(D)
mimicking the tonal contour and speech rhythm of a language
45
__________ is the predominant type of instrumental music organization found in Sub–
Saharan Africa.
(A)
Call & response
(B)
Polyrhythm
(C)
Harmony
(D)
Heterophony
(E)
Homophony
Answer:
(B)
Polyrhythm
46
__________ is a typical proverb expressing the Sub-Saharan African emphasis on social
identity.
(A)
“”I think therefore I am””
(B)
“”If you can walk, you can dance; if you can talk, you can sing””
(C)
“”Success is 10% inspiration, 90% perspiration””
(D)
“”I am, because we are””
(E)
“”The drums of the king are the spirit of the nation””
Answer:
(D)
“”I am, because we are””
47
The three musical manifestations of the “”collective community”” in Sub-Saharan Africa
include __________, __________, and __________.
(A)
call & response, polyrhythm, harmony
(B)
polyrhythm, harmony, dance
(C)
dance, call & response, social singing
(D)
dance, call & response, polyrhythm
(E)
call & response, social singing, polyrhythm
Answer:
(D)
dance, call & response, polyrhythm
48
Ladysmith Black Mambazo is an internationally known vocal ensemble from __________.
(A)
the Republic of South Africa
(B)
Zimbabwe
(C)
Nigeria
(D)
Ghana
(E)
Senegal-Gambia
Answer:
(A)
the Republic of South Africa
49
King Sunny Adé is an internationally known jùjú musician from ___________.
(A)
the Republic of South Africa
(B)
Zimbabwe
(C)
Nigeria
(D)
Ghana
(E)
Senegal-Gambia
Answer:
(C)
Nigeria
50
Son is a popular music tradition originating in __________.
(A)
Puerto Rico
(B)
Dominican Republic
(C)
Trinidad
(D)
Jamaica
(E)
Cuba
Answer:
(E)
Cuba
51
Plena is a topical song from ___________.
(A)
Puerto Rico
(B)
Dominican Republic
(C)
Trinidad
(D)
Jamaica
(E)
Cuba
Answer:
(A)
Puerto Rico
52
__________ is a topical song from Puerto Rico.
(A)
Plena
(B)
Merengue
(C)
Salsa
(D)
Son
(E)
Calypso
Answer:
(A)
Plena
53
Reggae is most closely associated with __________.
(A)
Salsa
(B)
Vodou
(C)
Calypso
(D)
Rada
(E)
Santeria
Answer:
(C)
Calypso
54
The __________ plays the basic organizational pattern in the rhythm of salsa music.
(A)
guiro
(B)
rada
(C)
pan
(D)
timbales
(E)
clave
Answer:
(E)
clave
55
The lead voice of a Bahamian rhyming spiritual is known as a __________.
(A)
rhymer
(B)
basser
(C)
tribble
(D)
orisha
(E)
loa
Answer:
(A)
rhymer
56
The steel drum, known as pan, was invented in __________.
(A)
Trinidad
(B)
Jamaica
(C)
Haiti
(D)
the Dominican Republic
(E)
Cuba
Answer:
(A)
Trinidad
57
__________, a popular music from Jamaica, is noted for the vocalist’s poignant “”hard–
edged”” social commentary.
(A)
Calypso
(B)
Salsa
(C)
Reggae
(D)
Merengue
(E)
Carnival
Answer:
(C)
Reggae
58
__________, a popular music from Trinidad, is noted for the witty vocalist‘s “”poking
fun”” social commentary.
(A)
Reggae
(B)
Salsa
(C)
Merengue
(D)
Calypso
(E)
Carnival
Answer:
(D)
Calypso
59
The religion most often associated with reggae music is __________.
(A)
Guiro
(B)
Christianity
(C)
Rastafarianism
(D)
Islam
(E)
Santeria
Answer:
(C)
Rastafarianism
60
Bob Marley is a well-known __________ musician.
(A)
calypso
(B)
reggae
(C)
salsa
(D)
merengue
(E)
Carnival
Answer:
(B)
reggae
61
Music performance in vodou ritual __________.
(A)
regulates spirit possession
(B)
causes spirit possession
(C)
is performed by “”spirits,”” i.e., possessed musicians
(D)
is derived from spirit possession
(E)
is taught by spirits possessing the musicians
Answer:
(A)
regulates spirit possession
62
The __________ regulates the f undamental tempo in the rhythm of merengue music.
(A)
clave
(B)
rada
(C)
guiro
(D)
pan
(E)
timbales
Answer:
(C)
guiro
63
__________ was the first country in the Caribbean islands to attain independence from
colonial rule.
(A)
Cuba
(B)
Trinidad
(C)
The Bahamas
(D)
Jamaica
(E)
Haiti
Answer:
(E)
Haiti
64
__________ is a style of vocal ensemble performance found primarily among the Zulu of
South Africa.
(A)
Jali
(B)
Hosho
(C)
Atumpan
(D)
Kora
(E)
Mbube
Answer:
(E)
Mbube
65
Common contexts for Country Blues artists to perform in the early 1900s included
__________. (More than one answer.)
(A)
juke joints
(B)
medicine shows
(C)
churches
(D)
folk festivals
(E)
brothels
Answer:
(A)
juke joints
(B)
medicine shows
(E)
brothels
66
A harmonica is an example of a(n) __________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(A)
aerophone
67
A synthesizer is an example of a(n) __________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(E)
electrophone
68
A bell is an example of a(n) _________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(D)
idiophone
69
A cymbal is an example of a(n) _________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(D)
idiophone
70
A wood block is an example of a(n) __________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(D)
idiophone
71
A tuba is an example of a(n) _________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(A)
aerophone
72
A snare drum is an example of a(n) _________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(C)
membranophone
73
A violin is an example of a(n) _________.
(A)
chordophone
(B)
membranophone
(C)
idiophone
(D)
electrophone
(E)
aerophone
Answer:
(A)
chordophone
74
A trumpet is an example of a(n) __________.
(A)
aerophone
(B)
chordophone
(C)
membranophone
(D)
idiophone
(E)
electrophone
Answer:
(A)
aerophone
75
A guitar is an example of a __________.
(A)
Lutes, idiophones
(B)
zither
(C)
harp
(D)
lyre
(E)
dulcimer
Answer:
(A)
Lutes, idiophones
76
A __________ has ““no neck.”” Most of the instrument is used as a resonating body.
(A)
zither
(B)
lute
(C)
harp
(D)
lyre
(E)
chordophone
Answer:
(A)
zither
77
__________ and __________ are two primary sub-categories of chordophones, as well as
harps and lyres.
(A)
Lutes, idiophones
(B)
Dulcimers, zithers
(C)
Zithers, guitars
(D)
Lutes, zithers
(E)
Guitars, lutes
Answer:
(D)
Lutes, zithers
78
A __________ aerophone requires an air column “”split on an edsge”” to produce sound.
(A)
flute
(B)
trumpet
(C)
reed
(D)
woodwind
(E)
brass
Answer:
(A)
flute
79
A __________ aerophone requires the performer to “”buzz“” his/her lips to play.
(A)
trumpet
(B)
reed
(C)
flute
(D)
woodwind
(E)
recorder
Answer:
(A)
trumpet
80
__________ describes the “”insider”” perspective to a cultural tradition.
(A)
Etic
(B)
Ethnocentric
(C)
Emic
(D)
Egocentric
(E)
Esoteric
Answer:
(C)
Emic
81
Determining the __________ of a music requires an interpretation of its purpose and
meaning in a given situation.
(A)
use
(B)
performance
(C)
history
(D)
function
(E)
relativism
Answer:
(D)
function
82
The three primary colors of the Ethiopian flag are __________ and are commonly found in
reggae iconography.
(A)
red
(B)
green
(C)
gold
(D)
black
(E)
white
Answer:
(A)
red
(B)
green
(C)
gold
83
Check the following terminology specifically associated with steel drum music. (More than
one answer.)
(A)
Engine Room
(B)
Tamboo Bamboo
(C)
I and I
(D)
Panorama
(E)
Loa
Answer:
(A)
Engine Room
(B)
Tamboo Bamboo
(D)
Panorama
84
Check the following terminology specifically associated with vodou rituals. (More than one
answer.)
(A)
Ganja
(B)
Rastafari
(C)
I and I
(D)
Legba/Ogoun
(E)
Loa
Answer:
(D)
Legba/Ogoun
(E)
Loa
85
Check the following terminology specifically associated with reggae music. (More than
one answer.)
(A)
Ganja
(B)
Rastafari
(C)
I and I
(D)
Dreadlocks
(E)
Loa
Answer:
(A)
Ganja
(B)
Rastafari
(C)
I and I
(D)
Dreadlocks
86
__________ are the musical manifestations of the African emphasis on community. (More
than one answer.)
(A)
dance
(B)
call-and-response
(C)
polyrhythm
(D)
harmony
(E)
praise-singing
Answer:
(A)
dance
(B)
call-and-response
(C)
polyrhythm
87
The three major language groups in the Middle East are __________. (More than one
answer.)
(A)
Arabic