– Chapter Eight –
Test Items
Multiple Choice
1. Cleveland argues that culture can ________.
2. Totalitarian governments, according to Cleveland, tend to ________.
3. In Cleveland’s essay, it was argued that to say that one is willing to die for one’s cultural identity
means ________.
4. Cultural loyalties, according to Cleveland, can be ________.
5. In Hawaii, according to Cleveland, ________.
6. Cleveland argued that in Hawaii, racial and ethnic tolerance was ________.
7. It is argued by Cleveland that ________ is not the product of similarity but the cheerful
acknowledgement of difference.
8. What does Cleveland argue that Americans need to figure out?
9. According to the Western view, most of the material in the universe is _______.
10. In the Eastern worldview, things should be perceived and known _______.
11. Which statement below accurately describes an Eastern approach to knowledge?
12. While Western thought conceptualizes time as ________, Eastern thought considers it ________.
13. In Western communication, interpersonal relationships are typically considered ________.
14. The Eastern worldview causes communication patterns that emphasize ________ in order to avoid
________.
15. According to Kim, the cultural differences between the Eastern and Western traditions are ________.
16. What is a benefit of the Western worldview?
17. What is a major criticism of the Western worldview?
18. Which approach to intercultural ethics attempts to gather facts and make generalizations?
19. The universalist approach grounds ethics in ________.
20. People who have a universalist perspective tend to ________.
21. Which of the following is NOT associated with the universalist perspective on ethics?
22. What view of intercultural ethics denies the existence of a universal set of values and norms?
23. According to Evanoff, ________ provide(s) an adequate framework for intercultural ethics.
24. Cultural relativity is ________ while cultural relativism is ________.
25. Which solution in intercultural communication involves one side being obliged to conform to the norms
of the other side?
26. Evanoff speculates that cultural values such as self-reliance and cooperation might be integrated, but
that ________ should be discarded.
27. According to Kale, what is the concept upon which we can base a universal code of ethics?
28. Which type of peace is defined as the absence of conflict?
29. When two parties consider each other’s goals as seriously as they consider their own, they have
achieved ________.
30. According to Kale, ethical communicators ________.
– Chapter Eight –
Test Items
Short Answer / Essay
1. Identify some of the reasons Cleveland believes the United States is moving toward pluralism.
2. Explain how cultural diversity can lead to oppression.
3. Explain how diversity is functioning in Hawaii.
4. How do Eastern and Western peoples view the relationship of nature and humans?
5. How do Western and Eastern peoples traditionally conceptualize knowledge?
6. How do the East and West perceive time differently?
7. How do Eastern and Western views of relationships, groups, and the self differ?
8. What are the benefits of incorporating an Eastern aesthetic orientation into Western life?
9. What is “intercultural personhood” and how and why should we strive to attain it?
10. Compare and contrast the empirical, theoretical, and normative approaches to intercultural ethics.
11. Explain the universalist approach to intercultural ethics.
12. Explain the particularist approach to intercultural ethics.
