Attitudinal structuring is a process of restructuring an organization so as to remove the
cause of conflict among subunits.
Organizational isomorphism is the process by which organizations in a population
become more alike or similar.
To manage the change process to get conflicts resolved in their favor, individuals,
subunits, and coalitions often engage in political activity and behavior to enhance the
power and influence they have.
A speedy response to market changes is not vital to the competitive success of an
organization that is following a low-cost business-level strategy.
E-engineering refers to companies’ attempts to use all kinds of information systems to
improve their performance.
Forming a coalition of managers around an issue that is important to them all is a
political tactic managers can use to obtain the power needed to resolve a conflict in
their favor.
According to Greiner’s model of organizational growth, the stage of “growth through
collaboration” immediately follows the stage of “growth through direction.”
The incrementalist model of decision-making explains why and how managers make
nonprogrammed decisions.
Demand for a product peaks during the mature stage of the product life cycle.
Resistance to change lowers an organization’s effectiveness and reduces its chances of
survival.
In a ________ structure, role and authority relationships are deliberately left vague
because the underlying assumption of this structure is that when team members are
given more responsibility than they have formal authority, they are forced to cooperate
to get the job done.
A) functional
B) bureaucratic
C) matrix
D) product divisional
Which of the following is a difference between a skunk works and a new venture
division?
A) A skunk works is formed for marketing a newly developed product whereas a new
venture division is formed for improving the quality of a newly developed product.
B) A skunk works consists of top-level managers whereas a new venture division
consists of low-level managers.
C) A skunk works is dissolved when the product is brought to market whereas a new
venture division assumes full responsibility for the commercialization of the product.
D) A skunk works is formed for achieving an incremental innovation whereas a new
venture division is formed for achieving a quantum innovation.
________ proposes that during the process of organizational growth each stage ends
with a crisis that must be resolved before the organization can advance to the next stage.
A) Population ecology model
B) Institutional theory
C) Greiner’s model
D) Transaction cost theory
The power possessed by a set of managers who form a “partnership” and use their
combined power secretively to influence the decision-making process in ways that
favor their interests is called ________ power.
A) referent
B) unobtrusive
C) expert
D) nonsubstitutable
The term ________ of organization refers to the organizations that are competing for
the same set of resources in the environment.
A) population
B) cluster
C) conglomeration
D) aggregation
According to Joan Woodward’s research, organization using which of the following
technologies is most likely to have the tallest hierarchy of authority?
A) small-batch technology
B) mass production technology
C) continuous-process technology
D) sequential-process technology
Which of the following companies will most likely have a mechanistic structure?
A) a pharmaceutical company that has a core competence in R&D
B) a soft-drink company that has a core competence in marketing
C) a medical equipment manufacturer that has a core competence in manufacturing
D) a telecommunications company that operates in a dynamic environment
Mediating technology is based on ________ task interdependence.
A) pooled
B) sequential
C) reciprocal
D) intensive
In the ________ stage of Pondy’s model, one subunit gets back at another subunit by
attempting to thwart its goals.
A) felt conflict
B) perceived conflict
C) manifest conflict
D) conflict aftermath
At which of the following stages of Pondy’s organizational conflict model there exists
no outright conflict?
A) manifest conflict
B) perceived conflict
C) latent conflict
D) felt conflict
When a company decides to produce different products for different customers,
________.
A) the number of stakeholders decreases
B) environmental complexity increases
C) the organizational domain decreases
D) environmental stability increases
A(n) ________ is a person who is responsible for critiquing ongoing organizational
learning.
A) boundary spanner
B) devil’s advocate
C) free rider
D) early adopter
Coca-Cola takes pride in a long-term commitment to employees; Pepsi is very political
and competitive. These are differences in organizational ________.
A) culture
B) structure
C) environment
D) design
The union does not like the work rules of an automobile plant. The plant forms a joint
union-labor committee and gets key union leaders to join the committee. This is an
example of ________.
A) a strategic alliance
B) a joint venture
C) a merger
D) cooptation
As ________, the relative difference in the authority possessed by managers at each
level in the organizational hierarchy decreases.
A) the number of shareholders of an organization decreases
B) the number of levels in the hierarchy increases
C) the total number of employees in the organization decreases
D) the degree of centralization of the organizational structure increases
Typically, when a company gets associated with a third-party linkage mechanism,
________.
A) the richness of the company’s environment decreases
B) the company can react more easily to the dynamism of the environment
C) the complexity of the company’s environment increases
D) it loses its ability to enter into a strategic alliance
Which of the following actions taken by an organization is most likely to avoid
organizational conflict?
A) increasing the level of integration
B) making the hierarchy of authority taller by introducing additional levels of authority
C) using centralized decision-making
D) increasing the level of horizontal differentiation
Structures that are designed to induce people to behave in predictable and accountable
ways are called ________ structures.
A) decentralized
B) mechanistic
C) organic
D) mutually adjusted
________ are the skills and abilities in value creation activities that allow a company to
achieve superior efficiency, quality, innovation, or customer responses.
A) Core competences
B) Environmental contingencies
C) Rites of enhancement
D) Organizational foundation skills
According to Weitzel and Jonsson’s model of organizational decline, if an organization
does not realize it is in trouble in the blinded stage, its decline advances to the
________ stage.
A) inaction
B) faulty action
C) crisis
D) dissolution
In the context of global expansion strategies, which of the following strategies has the
highest need to coordinate and integrate global activities?
A) transnational strategy
B) global strategy
C) international strategy
D) multidomestic strategy