_______________________ is basically the opposite of scientific management.
a. Division of labor
b. Taylorism
c. Craftsmanship
d. The assembly line system
e. Job specialization
The Management Highlight on page 335 describes several examples of situation where
teams do not appear to be a good idea. Provide an example of your own that illustrates a
similar situation where teamwork may not be the best solution.
The number of departments and different types of jobs in an organization make up its
______________.
a. complexity.
b. structure.
c. design.
d. formalization.
e. degree of centralization.
An example of an external factor that increases internal organizational complexity
would be:
a. low consumer demand
b. diverse consumers demanding more sophisticated products.
c. organizational structure
d. change of leadership in a foreign government.
e. CEO selection of one strategic direction over another.
Modeling behavior with the intention that others will observe the successful outcomes
of your behavior is a primary component of which one of the following motivation
theories?
a. operant conditioning
b. expectancy theory
c. equity theory
d. goal setting theory
e. social learning theory
In Equity Theory, the ratio a person computes of their own outcomes to inputs with the
same ratio of another person’s outcomes to inputs is called the ____________.
a. comparison ratio
b. reference ratio
c. outcome ratio
d. equity ratio
e. expectancy ratio
Which of the following primary skills is most likely to be used by first-line
management?
a. analytical, decision making, people
b. technical, decision making, people
c. decision making, analytical, conceptual, people
d. conceptual, computer
e. computer only
Toyota has long been recognized for building superior automobiles. But, much of their
success rests on their ability to bring new products to market faster than the competition
– this ability is known as:
a. strategic planning
b. functional planning
c. economy of scale
d. uncertainty
e. cycle time reduction.
Job ________ determines exactly which specific tasks must be performed to complete
work.
a. specification
b. analysis
c. description
d. design
e. summary
Over the next 10 years General Motors plans for overall growth (as measure by the
change in market share from today to ten years hence) at or about 10%. This statement
is an example of a:
a. budget
b. variable budget
c. short term goal
d. near term objective.
e. goal.
According to the text there are three categories of team skills. One of these categories
generally includes influencing, listening, and facilitating. This category is referred to as:
a. problem solving
b. technical
c. interpersonal
d. communications
e. strategy
The regulatory area that affects all aspects of human resource management is
a. employment discrimination.
b. affirmative action.
c. collective bargaining.
d. human resource planning.
e. equal employment opportunity.
Organizing includes all of the following activities EXCEPT
a. deciding the best number of jobs in each department.
b. deciding how to delegate authority.
c. determining how to place jobs within departments.
d. developing the most effective strategy for each division.
e. dividing tasks into jobs.
A major drawback of doing business through (a/an)__________ is loss of control of the
firm’s operation.
a. strategic alliance
b. licensing
c. countertrading
d. direct ownership
e. joint venture
Behaviors that have a positive consequence are likely to be repeated, those that have a
negative consequence are likely to be avoided is a primary component of which one of
the following motivation theories?
a. operant conditioning
b. expectancy theory
c. equity theory
d. goal setting theory
e. social learning theory
Job specialization and employee status are less important in organizations using
________________ than in other types of organizations.
a. a structural design
b. the mechanistic model
c. the contingency approach
d. complex technology
e. the organic model
Leader-Member Exchange Theory describes the process whereby a leader:
a. commands subordinates to behave in a specified manner.
b. punishes all subordinates at the same level for the same offense.
c. creates potential outcomes for subordinates.
d. allocates resources for low performing subordinates
e. engages in a role making process between the leader and the subordinate that creates
their relationship and sustains it over time.
McKinsey 7-S model suggests that:
a. competitive advantage is often elusive.
b. the CEO must develop the overall strategy and independently of other groups in the
organization.
c. successful strategy implementation takes the form of fit among seven key
organizational elements.
d. is the same a s the BCG portfolio matrix.
e. Internet must be part of all corporate strategies.
Caffeine product substitutes can be considered which of the following?
a. strengths
b. opportunities
c. threats
d. weaknesses
e. strategies
Which strategy emphasizes gaining competitive advantage through cost control in a
small market area?
a. cost leadership
b. differentiation
c. cost focus
d. focused differentiation
e. none of the answers are correct
During the past century, American workers have changed. Compared to employees
decades ago, now they generally
a. are more concerned about the kind of work they do than about how much they are
paid.
b. are more afraid of being without a job.
c. are interested more in the paycheck than in the actual work they do.
d. have fewer communication and reading skills despite educational opportunities.
e. are more likely to look for work that interests them.
Conflict management requires an understanding of two factors: (1) whether you have
conflicting or common interests with your adversary, and (2) your stake in the
relationship with your adversary. When you have low stake in the relationship and a
mostly common interests, the recommended strategy is ____________?
a. Avoidance
b. Collaboration
c. Compromise
d. Accommodation
e. Competition
Pete Henry is a systems manager at Microsoft. He has no knowledge of probable
occurrence of each alternative in his decision making process. In which of the following
situations is he operating?
a. certainty
b. uncertainty
c. risk
d. managerial prerogative
e. union rules
The most common explanation for individual motivation is________?
a. role conflict
b. recruitment
c. organizational structure
d. a variety of unsatisfied needs
e. environmental scanning
A rigid organization that emphasizes rules, specialization, and centralized authority has
used a ________ model to develop its structure.
a. matrix
b. systematic
c. traditional
d. mechanistic
e. organic
A sales representative’s paycheck is based solely on a percentage of the cost of items
sold. This describes a compensation method called
a. gainsharing.
b. commission.
c. production bonus.
d. straight piecework.
e. differential piece rate.
Ann is a Certified Professional Accountant (CPA). She is active in many professional
accounting organizations and has worked to raise the standards for her profession. She
is also known for her high professional standards. In her role as a manager, her
superiors have asked her to provide an above average rating to several people she
believes are quite average. She feels caught in the middle. She knows that it is her
choice to make. However, she also knows that by not heeding the advice of superiors,
she will only hurt her chances for career advancement. This situation is called?
a. interrole conflict
b. intrarole conflict
c. intersender conflict
d. person-role conflict
e. role-person creation
Which of the following is charged with ensuring safe working conditions?
a. OSHA
b. the Civil Rights Act of 1964
c. Environmental Protection Act
d. Consumer Bill of Rights
e. ADA
Work team refers to the collaborative activities of several people, working together on
computer networks, using common software and sharing common data.
One study has shown that the ___________ interview is the most accurate in predicting
job performance.
a. structured
b. simulated
c. unstructured
d. semistructured
e. situational
The receiver’s confidence and trust in the sender of a message is called
a. source reliance.
b. frame of reference.
c. source credibility.
d. source validity.
e. selective perception.
The theory of leadership that describes effective leadership in terms of the leader’s
ability to alter his behavior to make the conditions present in the work environment is
called the ___________.
a. situational leadership theory
b. contingency theory of leadership
c. path goal theory of leadership
d. trait theory of leadership
e. leader-member exchange theory
A survey of managers and human resources professionals identified values important to
employees. The explanation, “Employees want the freedom to do the job in the way
they think is best,” refers to which value?
a. autonomy
b. authority
c. self-development
d. recognition
e. involvement
Craftsmanship is known for all of the following advantages EXCEPT
a. highly skilled workers.
b. high-quality output.
c. high wages.
d. high job interest.
e. high degree of control by the worker.
Setting pay relative to that of employees working the same job within the same
organization is called
a. pay-level decision.
b. equity determination.
c. pay-structure decision.
d. individual pay determination.
e. comparative-pay determination.
Define Mintzberg’s decisional role. Identify and describe four different decisional roles
that managers use that were discussed in Chapter 1.
A series of superior-subordinate relationships, from the highest to the lowest position in
an organization is considered the chain of command.
People from different cultures often have different ethical philosophies ” causing some
tension between business people and government officials.
Individual’s ethical behavior is often influenced by the environment, organization
factors, and their own personal philosophy.
Compare McClelland’s theory of motivation to Alderfer’s ERG theory.
Explain the difference between a variable budget and a moving budget.
For a manager of an MNC to be effective, they must consider the differences in
currencies when examining the cost of entering the global market.
Define the term power. Additionally, describe at least three types of power commonly
associated with leadership in organizations.
Describe Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and indicate how this old theory is useful in our
understanding complex organizations today.
Compare Programmed and Non-Programmed decision. Provide a definition for each
and an example of each decision in a business organization.
Integrated cost leadership/differentiation strategies are used by organizations that offer
unique products at the lowest price.
Unions insist on ignoring performance differentials when calculating compensation.
In the communication process, message is defined as spoken or written words from the
sender to the receiver.
In job design and redesign, the team approach provides employees with the most
opportunity for growth but is difficult for organizations to put into practice.
The term mechanistic organization refers to a structural model intended to maximize
flexibility and adaptability.
The balance sheet describes an organization’s financial performance over a given time
period.
Henri Fayol described the functions of management as planning, budgeting, selling, and
growth.
Explain the three dimensions of organizational structure.