For most adults, what is the recommended minimum amount of fat that should be
consumed, as a percentage of total energy intake?
a. 5
b. 15
c. 20
d. 35
e. 45
How much energy does one gram of fat provide?
a. 3 kcal
b. 5 kcal
c. 7 kcal
d. 9 kcal
e. 11 kcal
The neural tube develops into the
a. umbilical cord.
b. liver and pancreas.
c. gastrointestinal tract.
d. brain and spinal cord.
e. cardiovascular system.
Which of the following is a feature of bone metabolism?
a. Cortical bone mass alone is diagnostic of osteoporosis
b. Trabecular bone is the chief supplier of blood calcium on a low-calcium diet
c. The strongest predictor of bone density is calcium intake during the third decade of
life
d. Bone density of former smokers never achieves the level found in people who never
smoked
e. Heavy alcohol intake is modestly protective of bone density when beer and wine are
consumed but not when liquor is
After a fat-containing meal is absorbed, about how many hours does it take the body to
remove the chylomicrons from the blood?
a. 2
b. 5
c. 10
d. 14
e. 16
What are the substances resistin and adiponectin?
a. Glycolipids that regulate synthesis of lipoproteins
b. Intestinal cell hormones that regulate secretion of bile
c. Intestinal cell hormones that trigger secretion of pancreatic juice
d. Proteins secreted from fat cells that help regulate energy balance
e. Substances that dampen inflammation and decrease insulin resistance
Excessive consumption of soft drinks, orange juice, and sports drinks increases risk for
development of caries because they contain sugar and ____.
a. a low pH
b. organic bases
c. resistant starch
d. insufficient fluoride
e. excess calcium
A lacto-ovo vegetarian wishing to ensure a liberal intake of linolenic acid should
consume ____.
a. eggs and milk
b. canola oil and walnuts
c. safflower oil margarine
d. corn oil and sunflower oil
Matching
a. 100
b. 130
c. 200
d. Pectin
e. Insulin
f. Mouth
g. Starch
h. Sucrose
i. Lactose
j. Lignin
k. Sucralose
l. Glycogen
m. Glucagon
n. Cellulose
o. Hydrolysis
p. HFCS
q. Epinephrine
r. Condensation
s. Small intestine
t. Large intestine
1>Disaccharide containing fructose
2>Chemical reaction that links two molecules together
3>Chemical reaction that splits a larger molecule into smaller molecules
4>A complex carbohydrate in muscle
5>A complex carbohydrate in legumes
6>Structurally similar to starch but resistant to digestion
7>A water-soluble fiber
8>A water-insoluble fiber
9>Site where digestion of disaccharides takes place
10>Site where digestion of starch begins
11>Site where fibers may be metabolized to short-chain fatty acids
12>When digested, yields galactose
13>Substance that signals the release of glucose into blood
14>Substance that signals removal of glucose from the blood
15>Normal blood glucose level, in mg per 100 mL blood
16>Stress hormone that modulates blood glucose
17>Processed syrup made from cornstarch
18>Number of kcalories provided by a 16-ounce regular soda
19>An alternative sweetener
20>RDA for carbohydrates, in g/day
How is soluble fiber in the diet thought to help lower blood cholesterol level?
a. It denatures cholesterol in the stomach.
b. It hydrolyzes cholesterol in the intestinal tract.
c. It traps cholesterol in the intestinal tract and thus inhibits its absorption.
d. It enhances excretion of bile leading to increased cholesterol turnover.
e. It binds to the fats and denatures them.
The upper safe level of intake for aspartame-sweetened soft drinks (cans/day) for a
normal 70 kg adult is approximately
a. 1.
b. 5.
c. 10.
d. 20.
e. 50.
Which of the following would you expect to see in a person with kwashiorkor?
a. Edema
b. Low levels of ADH
c. Muscle wasting
d. Baggy-appearing skin
e. “Match stick” arms and legs
Which of the following would be the most effective substitute for fresh milk for the
elderly person living alone?
a. UHT milk
b. Low-cost expired milk
c. Calcium carbonate tablets
d. Greens with highly bioavailable calcium
e. Sweetened condensed milk
a. 1 k. Set point
b. 2 l. White fat
c. 10 m. Cinch!
d. 40 n. Brown fat
e. 69 o. Ephedrine
f. 200-300 p. Liposuction
g. Leptin q. Bypass
h. Orlistat r. Lipoprotein lipase
i. Ghrelin s. Cognitive restructuring
j. The Dukan Diet t. Obesogenic
1)Percentage of U.S. adults considered overweight or obese
2)An enzyme that promotes fat storage
3)A term that describes environmental influences that promote weight gain
4)A theory that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by internal controls
5)Substitution of positive, supportive thoughts for negative, self-defeating thoughts
6)Hormone that regulates appetite in response to body fat levels
7)Hormone that stimulates appetite
8)A nutrient-dense diet composed mainly of plant-based foods
9)Type of adipose that primarily stores fat
10)Type of adipose that primarily produces heat
11)Percentage of nonprescription weight-loss product users in the United States who are
at a normal weight
12)Substance in some herbs that may cause heart attacks and seizures
13)A high-protein, low-kcalorie diet
14)Surgical procedure on the stomach
15)Inhibitor of pancreatic lipase
16)Minimum BMI of a clinically severe obese person
17)A cosmetic surgical procedure
18)Safe rate of weight loss, in pounds per week, for a person weighing 250 pounds
19)Recommended minimum number of minutes per week of moderately intense
physical activity to prevent weight gain
20)Percentage of U.S. adults classified as underweight
Ranking foods according to their overall nutrient composition is known as ____.
a.biological value
b.nutrient profiling
c.the risk reduction score
d.the healthy eating index
e.compositional profiling
Describe the similarities and differences in fluid and nutrient losses between vomiting
and diarrhea.
What are bacteriophages in the food supply?
a. Intentional food additives
b. Unusually deadly foodborne bacteria
c. Two or more pathogenic organisms on the same food
d. Bacteria that are resistant to common cooking methods
e. Bacteria used to test food for potentially dangerous contaminants
What is the approximate average daily trans-fatty acid intake in the United States?
a. 500 mg
b. 2 g
c. 5 g
d. 12 g
e. 18 g
Which of the following is a characteristic of gestational diabetes?
a. It predicts risk of diabetes for the infant.
b. It leads to type 2 diabetes in some women.
c. It occurs in over one-half of normal weight women.
d. It occurs more often in women with a history of having premature births.
e. It may be dangerous for the woman but has little impact on the developing fetus.
____________________ is a person’s age as estimated from her or his body’s health
and probable life expectancy.
The enzyme ____________________ plays a major role in the metabolism and
transport of lipids,
Although ____________________ provides energy, it is not considered a nutrient
because it does not sustain life.
Compare the properties of prebiotics and probiotics. Give examples of each type.
Discuss how vegetarians and vegans can ensure that they have adequate protein intake.
Describe the major events of digestion that occur in the mouth, stomach, and small
intestine.
List and discuss seven benefits of fiber.
Explain the possible links between dietary fat intake and cancer.