Which of the following is a characteristic of fuel use by muscles?
a. At rest, about 90% of the fuel is derived from glucose.
b. At rest, about 90% of the fuel is derived from fat.
c. Muscles always use a mixture of fuels at rest or during physical activity.
d. During physical activity, amino acids contribute most of the fuel.
e. During the first 10 seconds of physical activity, the lactic acid system is the
predominant source of energy.
Worldwide, the poorest poor subsist on less than ____ per day.
a. $1
b. $3
c. $5
d. $7
e. $9
Tonya is an overweight cigarette smoker. Which of the following risk factors would
make it especially important for her to lose weight?
a.hypotension
b.low LDL
c.high HDL
d.age over 45 years
e.family history of heart disease.
What proportion of adults in the U.S. have high blood triglycerides?
a. 1/10
b. 1/4
c. 1/3
d. 1/2
e. 2/3
Which statement best describes the nutritional value of eggs?
a. Eggs are high in both cholesterol and saturated fat.
b. High omega-3 fat eggs are now available by prescription only.
c. Although it is high in cholesterol, the egg is low in saturated fat.
d. Even in people with a healthy lipid profile, consumption of one egg/day is
detrimental.
e. Egg substitutes often have higher levels of cholesterol than do eggs.
What is the best meal-planning strategies for underweight people who desire to gain
weight?
a.Eat only one large meal per day, just before bed.
b.Eat meaty appetizers rather than salads.
c.Refrain from between-meal snacking, especially energy drinks.
d.Decrease the amount of food consumed within the first 20 minutes of a meal.
e.Eat the same amount as before, but spread it out over the entire day.
Meat replacements consumed by vegans are often made of ____.
a.soy
b.fish
c.eggs
d.dairy
e.poultry
Which item is contained in an amino acid?
a. An acid group
b. An ester group
c. An aldehyde group
d. A central hydrogen atom
e. A central oxygen atom
Which statement describes a feature of trans-fatty acids?
a. In nature, most double bonds are trans.
b. Hydrogenation converts trans-fatty acids to cis-fatty acids.
c. The conversion of cis-fatty acids to trans-fatty acids is inhibited by the presence of
antioxidants.
d. In the body, trans-fatty acids are metabolized more like saturated fats than like
unsaturated fats.
e. The hydrogen atoms are located on the same side of a double bond.
Which statement is true regarding alcoholic beverages containing caffeine?
a. The FDA has banned their sales.
b. The time needed to be intoxicated is slowed by caffeine.
c. The presence of caffeine slows down consumption.
d. The caffeine slows the development of alcohol-induced impairment.
e. The presence of caffeine improves an individual’s judgment about his or her level of
intoxication.
What is the major source of “good” cholesterol?
a. Fatty fish
b. Fatty meat
c. Endogenous synthesis
d. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids
e. Dairy foods
What vitamin contains cobalt?
a.A
b.B6
c.B12
d.Pantothenic acid
e.Ascorbic acid
Which of the following are good sources of dietary calcium?
a. Berries and some tree fruits
b. Pasta and rice
c. Enriched grains
d. Certain greens such as mustard and turnip greens
e. Dark green leafy vegetables like spinach and Swiss chard
In comparison to a low-density lipoprotein, a high-density lipoprotein contains ____.
a. less lipid
b. less protein
c. more cholesterol
d. more carbohydrate
e. more triglyceride
In the development of plaque, what is thought to be responsible for oxidation of LDL
cholesterol during the inflammatory phase?
a. Free radicals
b. Beta-blockers
c. P-reactive protein (PRP)
d. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A
e. Cytokines
What is a food desert?
a. Worldwide crop failures due to drought and pestilence
b. Absence of fresh fruits and vegetables at certain times of the year
c. A neighborhood having limited access to nutritious and affordable food
d. A low-cost energy-dense snack sold primarily in poor neighborhoods
e. An area in which poverty has made families unable to purchase necessary food
With what vitamin is opsin usually associated in the body?
a.A
b.B1
c.C
d.D
e.K
In which of the following conditions would the pancreas be unable to synthesize
insulin?
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
c. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
d. Adult-onset diabetes mellitus
e. Hypoglycemia
Which reaction is characterized as catabolic?
a. Glucose formation from glycerol
b. Pyruvate formation from glucose
c. Albumin formation from amino acids
d. Palmitic acid formation from acetate
e. Formation of triglycerides from glycerol and fatty acids
Discuss the regulations for nutrient claims and health claims on food labels.
Pain and pressure in the area around the heart is called ____________________.
Fructose has the same ____________________ as glucose but its
____________________ is different.
Breaking down reactions are called ____________________ and building up reactions
are called ____________________.
What are the characteristics associated with acute and chronic malnutrition in children?
____________________ enzymes on the membrane surfaces of the intestinal cells split
most of the dipeptides and tripeptides into single amino acids.
What are the signs and symptoms of sickle-cell anemia and what causes it?
The best-known phospholipid is ____________________.
The developing infant from 2 to 8 weeks after conception is called a(n)
____________________.
In order to protect against ____________________, all women of childbearing age who
are capable of becoming pregnant should consume 0.4 milligram of folate daily.