1) You are reading a case study from a researcher at World University. The researcher
has traveled to the largest city in India and is reporting on an illness present in a
15-month-old boy. The researcher describes the child as extremely thin and bony, with
wrinkled skin and enlarged fatty liver. For the past year, this child has subsisted almost
entirely on diluted cereal drink. Your first thought is that most of these observations are
characteristic of marasmus, but then you realize that ____ is more consistent with
kawashikor.
a. wrinkled skin
b. food intake pattern
c. enlarged fatty liver
d. extremely thin
e. bony appearance
2) Providing enough, but not an excess, of a food is a diet-planning principle known as
____.
a.safety
b.variety
c.moderation
d.undernutrition
e.conservatism
3) Which of the following is a characteristic of fat cell development?
a.The amount of fat in the body is substantially determined by the size of the fat cells.
b.More and larger fat cells are found in obese people compared with healthy-weight
persons.
c.Fat cell number increases most readily during early adulthood, when energy
expenditure declines.
d.Fat cells may enlarge but not increase in number upon reaching the age of 50 in males
and reaching menopause in women.
e.When energy out exceeds energy in, fat cell size and number both decrease.
4) Which of the following is a finding from studies of diet restriction in rats?
a. Restriction of specific nutrients exerted antiaging effects
b. Energy-restricted diets led to life extension in 90% of the rats
c. Energy-restricted diets led to lowering of the metabolic rate and body temperature
d. Restriction of food intake only after rats reached maturity, but not before, resulted in
extension of the life span
e. Although early research was encouraging, more recent research has found that the
effects are much smaller than hoped
5) In general, modifying a diet that by substituting complex carbohydrates for pure
sugars results in a diet that is higher in ____.
a. fat
b. fiber
c. energy
d. refined foods
e. protein
6) What organism is responsible for producing the most common food toxin?
a. Escherichia coli
b. Vibrio vulnificus
c. Staphylococcus aureus
d. Lactobacillis acidophilus
e. Clostridium perfringens
7) Which dietary nutrient would most rapidly reverse a state of ketosis in a starving
person?
a. Nonessential fatty acids
b. Protein
c. Amino acids
d. Carbohydrate
e. Essential fatty acids
8) Worldwide, approximately what number of children under 5 die each year of
malnutrition and malnutrition-related causes?
a. 1.6 million
b. 3.6 million
c. 5.6 million
d. 7.6 million
e. 9.6 million
9) What is a congregate meal?
a. A meal provided for the elderly in a place such as a community center
b. A meal prepared for the elderly that meets one-third of the Dietary Recommended
Intakes
c. A meal prepared for disadvantaged people of all ages to encourage communal
gathering of diverse population groups
d. A meal provided through the Nutrition Screening Initiative for the elderly and served
primarily to church congregations
e. A meal prepared by a community organization and delivered to home-bound
individuals where they live
10) What should be the next course of action for a person who was unsuccessful in
lowering LDL or blood pressure by lifestyle changes?
a. Obtain prescription medications.
b. Consider coronary bypass surgery.
c. Obtain regular nutrition counseling.
d. Consider gastric surgery to reduce body weight.
e. Try again with a more stringent diet and exercise program.
11) Which hormone is most responsible for signaling satiety as well as reducing food
intake during a meal?
a.Gastrin
b.Adipokines
c.Neuropeptide Y
d.Cholecystokinin
e.Secretin
12) Any threat to a person’s well-being or a demand placed on the body to adapt is
referred to as ____________________.
13) Discuss the relationship of dietary fats to atherosclerosis. What dietary changes
bring about the greatest reductions in blood lipids?
14) Name and describe the functions of the four major sphincter muscles that divide the
GI tract into its principal regions.
15) The FDA has found that the vast majority of apple juice tested contains trace
amounts of ___________________.
16) Some of the energy released during the breakdown of glucose, glycerol, fatty acids,
and amino acids is captured in the high-energy compound with three phosphate groups
called ____________________.