1) According to most dietary guidelines, what percentage of the day’s total energy
intake should be furnished by carbohydrates?
a. 5-10
b. 10-20
c. 20-30
d. 30-45
e. 45-65
2) What is a free radical?
a.An inactive vitamin
b.An unphosphorylated vitamin
c.A molecule of unbound cobalamins
d.A molecule with at least one unpaired electron
e.A nonbound vitamin
3) Which of the following is a feature of vitamin A in foods?
a.Anthocyanin in beets masks the presence of beta-carotene.
b.Margarine made from corn oil is a poor source of vitamin A.
c.Most carotenoids can be converted in the body to active vitamin A.
d.Chlorophyll in dark green leafy vegetables masks the presence of beta-carotene.
e.Plants contain retinoids but no carotenoids.
4) What is a consequence of excess protein intake?
a. Decreased excretion of calcium
b. Decreased size of the liver and kidneys
c. Increased production and excretion of urea
d. Increased protein storage by the liver and kidneys
e. Improved renal functioning
5) What is opsin?
a. An antigen
b. An antibody
c. A light-sensitive protein
d. A blood transport protein
e. A sterol
6) An immediate consequence of a cellular deficiency of oxaloacetate is a slowing of
____.
a. glycolysis
b. the TCA cycle
c. lactate synthesis
d. ketone formation
e. protein excretion
7) Which statement describes is a feature of choline?
a. It is a part of lecithin.
b. It is a type of cis-fatty acid.
c. It is a type of trans-fatty acid.
d. It is attached to omega-3 fatty acids.
e. It has a multiple ring structure.
8) Your father was recently prescribed an anticoagulant medicine and was surprised that
the doctor advised him to maintain consumption of consistent amounts of green leafy
vegetables every day. You inform your father that
a. these vegetables significantly reduce absorption of the drug.
b. these vegetables significantly increase absorption of the drug.
c. variable intake of green leafy vegetables will affect activity of monoamine oxidase
inhibitors.
d. inconsistent intakes of green leafy vegetables will interfere with the regular action of
the drug.
e. he is confused – green leafy vegetable intake is unrelated to anticoagulant action.
9) Chyme can best be described as ____.
a. the semisolid mass of undigested food that passes through the ileocecal valve.
b. a semiliquid mass of partially digested food released by the stomach into the small
intestine.
c. the mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion of the
macronutrients.
d. a thick, viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive
juices.
e. chewed food combined with saliva that has passed from the esophagus into the
stomach.
10) Studies report that folate supplements for women may lower the incidence of neural
tube defects of infants when the vitamin is taken during the
a. last trimester of pregnancy.
b. second trimester of pregnancy.
c. second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
d. month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy.
e. prior to conception but stopping when pregnancy occurs.
11) What is the primary reason for not including the value for adaptive thermogenesis
when calculating energy requirements?
a.It is too costly to measure
b.It is too variable to measure
c.The value is too low to be meaningful
d.The value is highly influenced by the dietary ratio of protein, fat, and carbohydrate
e.It has no significant impact on energy requirements.
12) Among the following groups, which has the highest metabolic rate?
a.Females
b.Older individuals
c.Younger individuals
d.People with smaller surface areas
e.Sedentary people
13) What component of tea is responsible for its effect on iron absorption?
a. Tannic acid
b. Lactic acid
c. Citric acid
d. Ascorbic acid
e. Acetic acid
14) A person who is edentulous has
a. no teeth.
b. low immunity.
c. difficulty swallowing.
d. diminished muscle mass.
e. limited lower body mobility.