1) How much energy does one gram of fat provide?
a. 3 kcal
b. 5 kcal
c. 7 kcal
d. 9 kcal
e. 11 kcal
2) Disaccharidase enzymes that hydrolyze the disaccharides into monosaccharides are
found in the ____.
a. small intestine
b. pancreas
c. salivary glands
d. stomach
e. colon
3) Insulin resistance is defined as
a. reduced sensitivity of cells to blood insulin.
b. impaired secretion of insulin by the pancreas.
c. increased destruction of insulin-producing cells.
d. increased persistence of insulin molecules in the blood.
e. relative excess of insulin-binding proteins in muscle tissue.
4) In the average healthy person, about how much time is required by the liver to
process the alcohol in a typical drink?
a. 15 minutes
b. 30 minutes
c. 1 hour
d. 2 hours
e. 4 hours
5) How many calories does a 16 ounce cafe mocha have?
a.200
b.300
c.400
d.500
e.600
6) As you sit in the waiting room of a doctor’s office leafing through a magazine, you
see a letter to the editor about world hunger. In it, the author takes issue with a
statement made in a previous issue that stated, ‾¦and thus, hunger worsens
poverty….–The letter writer claims that this statement is completely unfounded and has
no reasoning behind it. Does hunger worsen poverty?
a. Yes, but it can be corrected with appropriate access to reproductive health care.
b. No; if hungry people work hard enough they can work to get themselves out of
poverty.
c. Yes, it propagates poverty by increasing the death rate and leaving many families as
single-parent households.
d. Yes, hunger makes poverty worse by robbing a person of the good health and the
physical and mental energy needed to be active and productive.
e. Sometimes, but only when unemployment is high and jobs are scarce.
7) What is a consequence of losing excess body weight?
a.It reverses atherosclerosis.
b.It lowers HDL-cholesterol.
c.It increases insulin resistance.
d.It raises the number of immune cells in adipose tissue.
e.It increases triglycerides.
8) List the essential fatty acids (EFA) for human beings. What are the signs of EFA
deficiency? What is the minimum amount of EFA required to prevent a deficiency?
What foods are rich sources of EFA?
9) What substance contains the chemical energy that drives immediate muscle
contraction?
a. ATP
b. NAD
c. Glucose
d. Fatty acids
e. Lactate
10) Matching
a. Ethyl
b. Urea
c. MEOS
d. Water
e. Glucose
f. Enzyme
g. Glycogen
h. Glycerol
i. Ammonia
j. Coenzyme
k. Cori cycle
l. Lactate
m. Acetoacetate
n. Acetyl CoA
o. Pyruvate
p. Triglyceride
q. Gastric alcohol dehydrogenase
r. Synthesis of pyruvate from glycogen
s. Synthesis of cholesterol from acetate
t. Synthesis of acetyl CoA from glucose
1>Example of an anabolic reaction
2>Example of a catabolic reaction
3>A protein that accelerates a chemical reaction
4>A small non-protein organic substance that promotes optimal activity of an enzyme
5>A product of glycolysis
6>A product of pyruvate metabolism when oxygen is limited
7>The oxidation product of pyruvate
8>A recycling process of converting lactate to glucose
9>An irreversible reaction
10>The part of a triglyceride that is convertible to glucose
11>A product of deamination
12>A compound synthesized from acetyl CoA when ATP is plentiful
13>The principal nitrogen-containing waste product
14>Waste product of the electron transport chain
15>A storage form of carbohydrate
16>The major energy fuel for the central nervous system
17>A ketone
18>An enzyme with activity levels related to a person’s sex
19>The type of alcohol in distilled spirits, wine, and beer
20>A system for metabolizing drugs and alcohol
11) Which of the following risk factors for disease may be modified by diet?
a. Age
b. Gender
c. Heredity
d. Low HDL level
e. Race
12) Which of the following should be a component of a healthy diet for athletes?
a. Salt tablets
b. Protein powders
c. Nutrient-dense foods
d. Vitamin and mineral supplements
e. Sports beverages
13) What is the most reliable source of dietary fluoride?
a. Public water
b. Dark green vegetables
c. Milk and milk products
d. Meats and whole-grain cereals
e. Legumes
14) Which of the following nutrients need to be supplied first by solid foods in a baby’s
diet?
a. Vitamin C and iron
b. Vitamin A and zinc
c. Vitamin B12and fluoride
d. Vitamin E and magnesium
e. Sodium and manganese
15) What is the predominant fuel used by muscle cells during low- or
moderate-intensity activity?
a. Fat
b. Protein
c. Glycogen
d. Blood glucose
e. Glucose
16) By what age do most people first have well-developed arterial plaque?
a. 20
b. 30
c. 40
d. 50
e. 60
17) Vitamin A supplements are helpful in treating which of the following conditions?
a.Acne
b.Rickets
c.Osteomalacia
d.Night blindness
e.Scurvy
18) What percentage of people€s salt intake comes from salt added during cooking and
at the table?
a. 5
b. 15
c. 50
d. 75
e. 90
19) On a food label, the “% Daily Value” table compares key nutrients per serving for a
person consuming how many kcalories daily?
a.1200
b.1500
c.1800
d.2000
e.2400
20) Which source of lipids should be substituted for saturated fats to help lower blood
cholesterol levels?
a. Butter
b. Canola oil
c. Coconut oil
d. Stick margarine
e. Shortening
21) To meet the more prolonged demands of sustained activity, the muscles rely on the
____________________ to provide ATP for muscle contraction.
22) Describe the physical and mental effects of lead exposure on children.
23) Describe the approaches for weight loss by surgery. What are the benefits and what
are the adverse side effects of these procedures?
24) ____________________ is an estimation of the energy required to process food
(digest, absorb, transport, metabolize, and store ingested nutrients);
25) How is fiber thought to exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular health?