1) The gastrointestinal microbiome is comprised primarily of ____.
a. villi
b. bacteria
c. mucosa
d. probiotics
e. viruses
2) What is the approximate percent efficiency of conversion of food energy to ATP
energy in the body?
a. 30%
b. 50%
c. 70%
d. 90%
e. 99%
3) Which of the following physical activities would be permitted for the pregnant
woman?
a. Scuba diving
b. Water aerobics
c. Exercising in hot, humid weather
d. Exercising while lying on her back
e. Kick boxing
4) What is the first organ to respond to an increase in blood glucose concentration?
a. brain
b. liver
c. muscle
d. pancreas
e. gallbladder
5) What is the major cause of iron deficiency?
a. Blood loss
b. Poor nutrition
c. Hereditary defect
d. Parasitic infections of the GI tract
e. Exposure to environmental toxins
6) What proportion of the U.S. adult population is considered overweight or obese?
a.39%
b.49%
c.59%
d.69%
e.79%
7) Individuals who are able to lose weight and successfully keep it off for at least a year
typically
a.engage in 30 minutes of physical exercise daily.
b.weigh themselves no more often than once a month.
c.eat a diet with high energy density.
d.eat a diet with low nutrient density.
e.limit television to less than 10 hours per week.
8) What is hydroxyapatite?
a. Abnormal cellular structures seen in osteoporosis
b. The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones
c. A calcium regulatory hormone secreted from the trabeculae region of bone
d. A compound in plant foods that binds to calcium and phosphorus and inhibits
absorption
e. Potassium crystals found in the framework of bones
9) Which of the following is a feature of potassium supplements?
a. Can cause toxicity
b. Should always be taken with diuretics
c. Necessary in treatment of low blood pressure
d. Absorption of the mineral decreases markedly as intake increases
e. Are important to take during pregnancy
10) What is the recommended minimum amount of time for washing hands with warm
water and soap before preparing or eating food?
a. 10-15 seconds
b. 20 seconds
c. 1/2-1 minute
d. 1-2 minutes
e. 2-3 minutes
11) What percentage of the world€s population is at risk of zinc deficiency?
a. 5
b. 10
c. 15
d. 20
e. 25
12) People who have frequent, regular bouts of heartburn and indigestion have a
medical condition known as ____.
a. colitis
b. watery stools
c. lymphatic malabsorption
d. gastroesophageal reflux
e. celiac disease
13) What assessment tool is designed to measure how well a diet meets the
recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines?
a.Healthy Eating Index
b.Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
c.Dietitian’s Comparative Effectiveness Plan
d.U.S. Public Health Nutrient Assessment Barometer
e.U.S. Preventive Services Task Forge Guide
14) The volume of blood ejected by the heart each minute is known as the
a. VO2max.
b. one-half VO2max.
c. cardiac output.
d. cardiac conditioned index.
e. cardiac volume.
15) What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin D in individuals around
20 years of age?
a.5 g
b.10 g
c.15 g
d.20 g
e.50 g
16) Which of the following would be the most effective substitute for fresh milk for the
elderly person living alone?
a. UHT milk
b. Low-cost expired milk
c. Calcium carbonate tablets
d. Greens with highly bioavailable calcium
e. Sweetened condensed milk
17) Which of the following is a characteristic of marasmus in children?
a. It leads to inability to maintain body temperature.
b. It promotes hyperactivity and excessive crying for food.
c. It impairs brain development mainly from ages 2-5 years old.
d. It leads to severe edema of the abdomen but insufficient water retention by the brain.
e. It is rare even in very impoverished nations due to UN programs combating hunger.
18) Ions that carry a positive charge are called
a. anions.
b. cations.
c. mineralytes.
d. valence ions.
e. proions.
19) Lipids that are solid at room temperature are known as ____.
a. oils
b. fats
c. omegas
d. glycerols
e. phospholipids
20) What minimum reduction from the usual intake of energy in people brings about
measurable improvements in body fat, blood pressure, insulin response, and blood
lipids?
a. 10%
b. 15%
c. 20%
d. 25%
e. 30%
21) Discuss the role of modern-day political crises as the primary cause of worldwide
food shortages.
22) Describe relationships among obesity, hypertension, and blood cholesterol in
children and adolescents.
23) Supplementing the diet with ____________________ during training has been
shown to increase muscle mass and strength, especially among untrained individuals.
24) Discuss the term ′critical periods′ in relation to pregnancy.
25) Why do many people and especially athletes believe in ergogenic aids?
26) What is the function of hydrochloric acid and why is it necessary in the process of
digestion?
27) Compare and contrast the meaning of Adequate Intakes, Recommended Dietary
Allowances, Estimated Average Requirements, and Tolerable Upper Intake
28) Adverse reactions to foods that do not involve the immune system are called
___________________.