Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing, 10/E
Chapter 51
Question 1
Type: MCSA
After a cardiac catheterization, an infant is diagnosed with a malformation of the mitral valve. The nurse will
monitor the client for the development of a problem associated with the delivery of
1. oxygenated blood to the body.
2. deoxygenated blood to the lung.
3. oxygenated blood to the right atrium.
4. deoxygenated blood to the left ventricle.
Question 2
Type: MCSA
During assessment, the nurse notes a cardiac murmur that occurs between S1 and S2. The nurse documents this
murmur as being
1. diastolic.
2. holosystolic.
3. systolic.
4. pansystolic.
Question 3
Type: MCMA
The nurse is planning teaching for a client that focuses on Healthy People 2020 objectives for cardiovascular
health. Which modifiable risk factors should the nurse include in this teaching?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Age
2. Gender
3. Obesity
4. Smoking
5. Hypertension
Question 4
Type: MCSA
The client has experienced a myocardial infarction with damage to the inferior portion of the heart. Due to this
history, the nurse monitors the client for the development of rhythm disturbances that are most directly based
upon which factor?
1. The resultant change in blood sugar
2. Electrolyte disturbances from tissue damage
3. The automaticity of cardiac cells
4. Decreased blood flow to the liver
Question 5
Type: MCSA
A client has a heart rate of 170 beats per minute. For what will the nurse assess next in this client?
1. Increased cardiac output
2. Increased preload
3. Decreased afterload
4. Decreased cardiac output
Question 6
Type: MCSA
The client has complaints of being tired, listless, and unable to tolerate activity at usual levels. Which laboratory
value should the nurse review first while assessing this complaint?
1. Blood urea nitrogen
2. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
3. Blood sugar
4. Serum potassium
Question 7
Type: MCSA
The nurse assessing a 1-day-old infant discovers the heart rate is 140 and irregular. What action should the nurse
take?
1. Immediately contact the infant’s physician.
2. Prepare to resuscitate the infant.
3. Note this normal finding in the infant’s medical record.
4. Stimulate the infant gently.
Question 8
Type: MCSA
The 50-year-old who is postmenopausal asks the nurse about the use of estrogen replacement therapy to protect
the heart. How should the nurse respond?
1. “This therapy is well proven to protect the heart in postmenopausal women.”
2. “Estrogen replacement therapy is helpful to reduce the sleep disturbances and hot flashes associated with
menopause, but does not protect the heart.”
3. “Estrogen replacement therapy has been proven to have no effect on any postmenopausal symptoms and is not
protective of the heart.”
4. “The use of estrogen replacement therapy is complex and requires a thoughtful review of the balance between
possible benefits and possible risks.”
Question 9
Type: MCSA
The post–myocardial infarction client asks the nurse about return to exercise. What information should the nurse
give this client?
1. It is better to exercise when it is cold.
2. Environmental temperatures have little impact on cardiac function.
3. Avoid exercise when the weather is hot or cold.
4. Hot temperatures increase peripheral blood vessel contraction.
Question 10
Type: MCSA
What dietary teaching should the nurse provide to the client who has homocysteine elevation?
1. Reduce salt intake.
2. Take a B-complex vitamin supplement daily.
3. Increase fluid intake to 2,000 mL per day.
4. Avoid alcohol intake.
Question 11
Type: MCSA
The client has a history of recurrent transient ischemic attack (TIA). Based upon this history the nurse should be
most concerned about the client’s potential to develop
1. renal failure.
2. gangrene.
3. myocardial infarction.
4. stroke.
Question 12
Type: MCSA
The nurse is assessing a newly admitted client for the presence of impaired peripheral arterial circulation. Which
finding would be significant to this condition?
1. Ruddy skin color over legs
2. Bounding pedal pulses
3. Hot spots on the feet and legs
4. Decreased hair on the legs
Question 13
Type: MCSA
The client is admitted with a possible deep vein thrombosis. Nursing interventions should be designed to prevent
which complication?
1. Myocardial infarction
2. Renal failure
3. Pulmonary embolism
4. Pneumonia
Question 14
Type: MCSA
The nurse is collecting equipment to assess a client’s ankle/brachial index (ABI). What equipment should be taken
to the client’s bedside?
1. Blood pressure cuff and a Doppler ultrasound device
2. None, as no special equipment is needed
3. Stethoscope and penlight
4. Reflex hammer and tuning fork
Question 15
Type: MCSA
The nurse notes a widely bizarre pattern on the client’s cardiac monitor. What is the nurse’s priority action?
1. Call a code blue.
2. Check the client’s pulse.
3. Immediately defibrillate the client.
4. Check the rhythm in a different lead.
Question 16
Type: MCSA
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is being observed for possible myocardial infarction.
Which laboratory result would be most important for the nurse to discuss with the physician?
1. Increased hemoglobin