Chapter 10: Developmental Processes
Linton: Introduction to Medical–Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What should a nurse take into consideration regarding developmental tasks when planning
patient care?
a.
All of the activities performed throughout life
b.
Activities learned primarily in the middle years of life
c.
Things to be learned and accomplished in each stage of life
d.
All actions taken when confronted with specific problems
2. An unmarried 21-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital. During his hospitalization, he
has visitors from work and church who come and go continuously. What part of the
developmental process of young adults does this display?
a.
Young adults require many superficial relationships.
b.
Young adults do not require much rest for recovery.
c.
Young adults are socially oriented.
d.
Young adults need to combat loneliness.
3. What does intimacy accomplish when developed in a relationship?
a.
Allows for sexual expression
b.
Gives priority to the well-being of another over one’s own
c.
Guarantees a suitable setting for the selection of a partner
d.
Requires exclusion of all others
4. Which behavior is not characteristic of a young adult’s developmental task?
a.
Living in his or her own apartment
b.
Accepting a place on the board of a community agency
c.
Interacting with a large group of friends
d.
Dating many different young women
5. What should young adults be thinking about by the age of 35 years?
a.
Leaving home and establishing their own lives
b.
Establishing career goals
c.
New career paths
d.
Health promotion for the prevention of chronic disease
6. A 25-year-old man receives a tetanus booster. When should the nurse instruct the man to get
his next booster?
a.
Next year
b.
In 2 years
c.
In 5 years
d.
In 10 years
7. What is the major cause of death in young adults?
a.
Cervical and testicular cancer
b.
Overwhelming infection
c.
Accidents and violence
d.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
8. An 18-year-old patient reports to the nurse that she has been sexually active since the age of
15 years and uses oral contraceptives regularly. What is the priority diagnostic test for this
patient?
a.
Mammography
b.
Digital rectal examination
c.
Papanicolaou (Pap) stain/test
d.
Pregnancy test
9. What age group is balancing work and other roles as a developmental task?
a.
Middle adulthood
b.
Young adulthood
c.
Older adulthood
d.
Late adulthood
10. What age range defines middle adulthood?
a.
45 to 65 years
b.
20 to 35 years
c.
65 to 75 years
d.
30 to 50 years
11. Which term best describes the functional capabilities of various organ systems in the body?
a.
Psychologic age
b.
Social age
c.
Biologic age
d.
Chronologic age
12. To what does a person’s type of dress, language, and social relationships pertain?
a.
Psychologic age
b.
Biologic age
c.
Chronologic age
d.
Social age
13. Older adults have the ability to remember, dream, and exercise behavioral control. To what
are these factors most related?
a.
Biologic age
b.
Psychologic age
c.
Social age
d.
Chronologic age
14. To what are most health problems in young adults related?
a.
Stress
b.
Smoking
c.
Alcohol consumption
d.
Fatigue
15. What is most likely to occur during the time period of young adulthood?
a.
Earning most of his or her money, paying most of the taxes, and having most of
the power in business
b.
Settling down to a career, raising a family, and taking on new responsibilities
c.
Experiencing personal freedom and enjoying maximum influence over others
d.
Focusing on many adjustments that must be made to physiologic, psychologic, and
social changes
16. Which statement made by a resident in a long-term care facility should lead the nurse to
conclude a positive resolution of the developmental task of old age?
a.
“I love my children. I could have done more for them.”
b.
“I am too young to be in a place like this.”
c.
“I miss my friends and wife. I’m ready to go.”
d.
“I’ve enjoyed the ride!”
17. Which group of adults must accept role reversal with their parents?
a.
Younger adults
b.
Old young adults
c.
Middle-aged adults
d.
Older-aged adults
18. All of the following behaviors have been assessed by the nurse in a 52-year-old man. Which
behavior is considered incongruent with middle-aged developmental tasks?
a.
Refusal to work more than 50 hours a week
b.
Refusal to give up time with his grandchildren
c.
Refusal to stop his semiweekly golf game
d.
Refusal to make preparations for retirement
19. Which age group is asking patients about loneliness a particularly significant assessment?
a.
Young adults
b.
Old young adults
c.
Old middle-aged adults
d.
Older adults
20. What is an example of an ethnic- and gender-related difference in life expectancies?
a.
Black men live longer than white men.
b.
White women live longer than black women.
c.
Black men live longer than black women.
d.
White men live longer than white women.
21. A single 48-year-old woman has not had a regular menstrual period for the past 6 months. She
tells the nurse she has been experiencing vaginal spotting for the past several days. What may
these symptoms indicate?
a.
Miscarriage
b.
Endometrial cancer
c.
Severe vaginitis
d.
Resumption of menses
22. What are the leading causes of death in older adults?
a.
Vehicular accidents and suicide
b.
Cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus
c.
Alcoholism and cirrhosis
d.
Cancer and strokes
23. A 74-year-old man asks a nurse if he needs to get revaccinated with the pneumococcal
vaccine because he has not had one for 2 years. What is the most informative response by the
nurse?
a.
“Yes. You should have the pneumonia vaccine every year.”
b.
“No. One vaccination for pneumonia is all you need.”
c.
“Yes. Every year they alter the vaccine to include more infectious organisms.”
d.
“No. You only need to be revaccinated every 5 years.”
24. Which intervention is directed toward reducing the most common cause of death among
young adults?
a.
Teaching early warning signs of cancer
b.
Encouraging cardiovascular fitness
c.
Teaching principles of safe sex
d.
Promoting safe driving practices
25. What is the term sandwich generation used to describe?
a.
Young adults who tend to eat on the run
b.
Middle-aged adults caring for both children and parents
c.
Single-parent households
d.
Older adults who are in transition from independent to assisted living
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
26. Why have many young adults today extended their adolescence and live with their parents?
(Select all that apply.)
a.
Postgraduate educational goals
b.
Military obligations
c.
Job losses
d.
Chronic illnesses
e.
Divorces
27. What should be a nurse’s focus when counseling a 25-year-old mother and businesswoman
regarding health promotion? (Select all that apply.)
a.
Adhering to an exercise program
b.
Having a Pap stain/test performed every 3 years
c.
Making annual appointments for a mammogram
d.
Performing a self-breast examination (SBE) monthly
e.
Scheduling an annual physical examination
28. To what is the gradual weight gain of a 25-year-old man most likely related? (Select all that
apply.)
a.
Consuming the same amount of calories as he did as an adolescent
b.
Inadequate exercise
c.
Consuming large amount of protein in the diet
d.
Keeping late hours, resulting in inadequate rest
e.
Eating junk food
COMPLETION
29. A nurse assesses that a 22-year-old woman who is totally committed to her career and who
does not date or socialize is experiencing the Eriksonian crises of _____.