Multinational Business Finance 13th Edition Test Bank Chapter 12

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Multinational Business Finance, 13e (Eiteman/Stonehill/Moffett) Chapter 12

Operating Exposure 12.1 Trident Corporation: A Multinationals Operating Exposure

Multiple Choice Question: Another name for operating exposure is ________ exposure.

A) economic B) competitive C) strategic D) all of the above Answer:

Question: What type of international risk exposure measures the change in present value of

a firm resulting from changes in future operating cash flows caused by any unexpected

change in exchange rates? A) transaction exposure B) accounting exposure C) operating

exposure D) translation exposure Answer:

Question: ________ cash flows arise from intracompany and intercompany receivables

and payments, while ________ cash flows are payments for the use of loans and equity. A)

Financing; operating B) Operating; financing C) Operating; accounting D) Accounting;

financing Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT an example of a financial cash flow? A) parent

invested equity capital B) interest on intrafirm lending C) payment for goods and services

D) intrafirm principal payments Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT an example of an operating cash flow? A)

management fees and distributed overhead B) royalties and license fees C) rent and lease

payments D) dividend paid to parent company Answer:

Question: ________ exposure is far more important for the long-run health of a business

than changes caused by ________ or ________ exposure. A) Operating; translation;

transaction B) Transaction; operating; translation C) Accounting; translation; transaction

D) Translation; operating; transaction Answer:

Question: Simpson Sign Company based in Frostbite Falls, Minnesota has a 6-month

C$100,000 contract to complete sign work in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The current

spot rate is $1.02/C$ and the forward rate is $1.01/C$. Under conditions of equilibrium,

management would use ________ today when preparing operating budgets. A) $102,000

B) $101,000 C) $100,000 D) none of the above Answer:

Question: When considering the phases of adjustment and response to operating exposure

in the LONG RUN, price changes tend to be ________ and volume changes tend to be

________. A) fixed/contracted; contracted. B) fixed/contracted; completely flexible. C)

completely flexible; completely flexible. D) completely flexible; contracted. Answer:

Question: The goal of operating exposure analysis is to identify strategic operating

techniques the firm might adopt to enhance value in the face of unanticipated exchange

rate changes. Answer:

Question: Operating cash flows may occur in different currencies and at different times,

but financing cash flows may occur only in a single currency. Answer:

Question: Expected changes in foreign exchange rates should already be factored into

anticipated operating results by management and investors. Answer:

Question: Moral hazard may occur when a firm or individual takes on more risk when it

knows that someone else will “pick up the tab.” Answer:

Question: Even though contracts are often fixed in the short run, as time passes, prices and

costs can be changed to reflect the new competitive realities caused by a change in

exchange rates. Answer:

Question: Recently the British Pound suffered an unexpected depreciation in value. Which

of the following actions being considered by Coventry Furniture of London, a purely

domestic furniture manufacturer and retailer, would be considered a highly unlikely

response to the depreciation of the pound? A) Coventry might choose to maintain its

domestic sales prices constant in pound terms. B) Coventry might try to raise domestic

prices because competing imports are now priced higher in England. C) Coventry might

try to lower domestic prices because competing imports are now priced higher in England.

D) none of the above Answer:

Question: Recently the Canadian dollar realized an unexpected appreciation in value.

Which of the following actions being considered by Tall Timber Exports, a Canadian

logging firm specializing in exporting raw forest products, would be considered a highly

unlikely response to the appreciation of the Canadian dollar? A) Tall Timber Exports might

lower export prices in an effort to maintain market share. B) Tall Timber Exports might

raise export prices only slightly in an effort to increase market share. C) Tall Timber

Exports might leave export prices as they are and wait to determine what actions to take if

any in the future. D) all of the above Answer:

Question: For a firm that competes internationally to sell its products, a depreciation of its

domestic currency relative to markets where the firm exports goods, should eventually

result in ________ sales at home and ________ sales abroad, other things equal. A) fewer;

greater B) fewer; fewer C) greater; greater D) greater; fewer Answer:

Question: Brimmo Motorcycles Inc., a U.S.-based firm, manufactures and sells electric

motorcycles both domestically and internationally. A sudden and unexpected appreciation

of the U.S. dollar should allow sales to ________ at home and ________ abroad. (Assume

other factors remain unchanged.) A) increase; increase B) decrease; decrease C) increase;

decrease D) decrease; increase Answer:

Question: The strategy management undertakes in response to unexpected changes in

exchange rates depends to a large measure on their opinion about the price elasticity of

demand. Answer:

Question: Unexpected changes in exchange rates is never good news for a firms operating

income. Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT an example of diversifying operations? A)

diversifying sales B) diversifying location of operations C) raising funds in more than one

country D) sourcing raw materials in more than one country Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT an example of diversification in financing? A)

raising funds in more than one market B) raising funds in more than one country C)

diversifying sales D) All of the above qualify. Answer:

Question: When disequilibria in international markets occur, management can take

advantage by: A) doing nothing if they are already diversified and able to realize beneficial

portfolio effects. B) recognizing disequilibria faster than purely domestic competitors. C)

shifting operational of financing activities to take advantage of the disequilibria. D) all of

the above Answer:

Question: Purely domestic firms will be at a disadvantage to MNEs in the event of market

disequilibria because: A) domestic firms lack comparative data from its own sources. B)

international firms are already so large. C) all of the domestic firms raw materials are

imported. D) None of the above; domestic firms are not at a disadvantage. Answer:

Question: Which of the following is probably NOT an advantage of foreign exchange risk

management? A) the reduction of the variability of cash flows due to domestic business

cycles B) increased availability of capital C) reduced cost of capital D) All of the above are

potential advantages of foreign exchange risk management. Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT an example of a form of political risk that might

be avoided or reduced by foreign exchange risk management? A) expropriation of assets

B) destruction of raw materials through natural disaster C) war D) unfavorable legal

changes Answer:

Question: Management must be able to predict disequilibria in international markets to

take advantage of diversification strategies. Answer:

Question: If a firm diversifies its financing sources, it will be pre-positioned to take

advantage of temporary deviations from the International Fisher Effect. Answer:

Question: Diversifying the financing base means diversifying sales, location of production

facilities, and raw material sources. Answer:

Question: The variability of a firms operating cash flows is probably reduced by

international diversification of its production, sourcing, and sales because exchange rate

changes under disequilibrium conditions are likely to increase the firms competitiveness in

some markets while reducing it in others. Answer:

Question: Diversification is possibly the best technique for reducing the problems

associated with international transactions. Provide one example each of international

financial diversification and international operational diversification and explain how the

action reduces risk. Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT identified by your authors as a proactive

management technique to reduce exposure to foreign exchange risk? A) matching currency

cash flows B) cross-currency swaps C) remaining a purely domestic firm D) parallel loans

Answer:

Question: Which one of the following management techniques is likely to best offset the

risk of long-run exposure to receivables denominated in a particular foreign currency? A)

Borrow money in the foreign currency in question. B) Lend money in the foreign currency

in question. C) Increase sales to that country. D) Increase sales in this country. Answer:

Question: Which one of the following management techniques is likely to best offset the

risk of long-run exposure to payables denominated in a particular foreign currency? A)

Borrow money in the foreign currency in question. B) Lend money in the foreign currency

in question. C) Rely on the Federal Reserve Board to enact monetary policy favorable to

your exposure risk. D) none of the above Answer:

Question: The particular strategy of trying to offset stable inflows of cash from one

country with outflows of cash in the same currency is known as: A) hedging. B)

diversification. C) matching. D) balancing. Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT an acceptable hedging technique to reduce risk

caused by a relatively predictable long-term foreign currency inflow of Japanese yen? A)

Import raw materials from Japan denominated in yen to substitute for domestic suppliers.

B) Pay suppliers from other countries in yen. C) Import raw materials from Japan

denominated in dollars. D) Acquire debt denominated in yen. Answer:

Question: An MNE has a contract for a relatively predictable long-term inflow of Japanese

yen that the firm chooses to hedge by seeking out potential suppliers in Japan. This

hedging strategy is referred to as: A) a natural hedge. B) currency-switching. C) matching.

D) diversification. Answer:

Question: An MNE has a contract for a relatively predictable long-term inflow of Japanese

yen that the firm chooses to hedge by paying for imports from Canada in Japanese yen.

This hedging strategy is known as: A) a natural hedge. B) currency-switching. C)

matching. D) diversification. Answer:

Question: A U.S. timber products firm has a long-term contract to import unprocessed logs

from Canada. To avoid occasional and unpredictable changes in the exchange rate between

the U.S. dollar and the Canadian dollar, the firms agree to split between the two firms the

impact of any exchange rate movement. This type of agreement is referred to as: A)

risk-sharing. B) currency-switching. C) matching. D) a natural hedge. Answer:

Question: A ________ occurs when two business firms in separate countries arrange to

borrow each others currency for a specified period of time. A) natural hedge loan B)

forward loan C) currency switch loan D) back-to-back loan Answer:

Question: A Canadian firm with a U.S. subsidiary and a U.S. firm with a Canadian

subsidiary agree to a parallel loan agreement. In such an agreement, the Canadian firm is

making a/an ________ loan to the ________ subsidiary while effectively financing the

________ subsidiary. A) indirect; U.S.; Canadian B) indirect; Canadian; U.S. C) direct;

U.S.; Canadian D) direct; Canadian; U.S. Answer:

Question: Which of the following is NOT an important impediment to widespread use of

parallel loans? A) difficulty in finding an appropriate counterparty B) the risk that one of

the parties will fail to return the borrowed funds when agreed C) the process does not

avoid exchange rate risk D) All of the above are significant impediments. Answer:

Question: A ________ resembles a back-to-back loan except that it does not appear on a

firms balance sheet. A) forward loan B) currency hedge C) counterparty D) currency swap

Answer:

Question: A ________ is the term used to describe a foreign currency agreement between

two parties to exchange a given amount of one currency for another, and after a period of

time, to give back the original amounts. A) matched flow B) currency swap C)

back-to-back loan D) none of the above Answer:

Question: A British firm and a U.S. Corporation each wish to enter into a currency swap

hedging agreement. The British firm is receiving U.S. dollars from sales in the U.S. but

wants pounds. The U.S. firm is receiving pounds from sales in Britain but wants dollars.

Which of the following choices would best satisfy the desires of the firms? A) The British

firm pays dollars to a swap dealer and receives pounds from the dealer. The U.S. firm pays

pounds to the swap dealer and receives dollars. B) The U.S. firm pays dollars to a swap

dealer and receives pounds from the dealer. The British firm pays pounds to the swap

dealer and receives dollars. C) The British firm pays pounds to a swap dealer and receives

pounds from the dealer. The U.S. firm pays dollars to the swap dealer and receives dollars.

D) The British firm pays dollars to a swap dealer and receives dollars from the dealer. The

U.S. firm pays pounds to the swap dealer and receives pounds. Answer:

Question: Reinvoicing centers provide the following benefit(s): A) aid in the management

of foreign exchange exposure. B) effectively guarantee the exchange rate for future orders.

C) help manage intra-subsidiary cash flows. D) all of the above Answer:

Question: NorthRim Inc. (NRI), imports extreme condition outdoor wear and equipment

from the Allofit Territories Company (ATC) located in Canada. With the steady decline of

the U.S dollar against the Canadian dollar NRI is finding a continued relationship with

ATC to be an increasingly difficult proposition. In response to NRIs request, ATC has

proposed the following risk-sharing arrangement. First, set the current spot rate as the base

rate. As long as spot rates stay within 5% (up or down) NRI will pay at the base rate. Any

rate outside of the 5% range, ATC will share equally with NRI the difference between the

spot rate and the base rate. If the current spot rate is C$1.20/$, what are the upper and

lower limits for trading to take place at C$1.20? A) C$1.205/$ – C$1.195/$ B) C$1.15/$ –

C$1.25/$ C) C$1.14/$ – C$1.26/$ D) none of the above Answer:

Question: NorthRim Inc. (NRI), imports extreme condition outdoor wear and equipment

from The Allofit Territories Company (ATC) located in Canada. With the steady decline of

the U.S dollar against the Canadian dollar NRI is finding a continued relationship with

ATC to be an increasingly difficult proposition. In response to NRIs request, ATC has

proposed the following risk-sharing arrangement. First, set the current spot rate as the base

rate. As long as spot rates stay within 5% (up or down) NRI will pay at the base rate. Any

rate outside of the 5% range, ATC will share equally with NRI the difference between the

spot rate and the base rate. If NRI has a payable of C$100,000 due today and the current

spot rate is C$1.17/$, how much does LBC owe in U.S. dollars? A) $83,333 B) $85,470 C)

$85,837 D) $117,000 Answer:

Question: Costs associated with the purchase of sizeable put options positions include each

of the following EXCEPT: A) the purchase price of the options. B) the opportunity cost of

buying the options rather than diversifying operations to reduce risk. C) executive salaries

of having corporate offices in more than one country. D) none of the above Answer:

Question: Currency swaps are exclusively for periods of time under one year. Answer:

Question: Most swap dealers arrange swaps so that each firm that is a party to the

transaction does not know who the counterparty is. Answer:

Question: Most swap dealers arrange swaps so that each firm that is a party to the

transaction knows who the counterparty is. Answer:

Question: Swap agreements are treated as off-balance sheet transactions via U.S.

accounting methods. Answer:

Question: Swap agreements are treated as line items on the balance sheet via U.S.

accounting methods. Answer:

Question: After being introduced in the 1980s, currency swaps have remained a relatively

insignificant financial derivative instrument. Answer:

Question: After being introduced in the 1980s, currency swaps have gained increasing

importance as financial derivative instruments. Answer:

Question: The empirical evidence strongly supports the proposition that contractual hedges

can effectively eliminate operating exposure. Answer:

Question: A British firm has a subsidiary in the U.S., and a U.S. firm, known to the British

firm, has a subsidiary in Britain. Define and then provide an example for each of the

following management techniques for reducing the firms operating cash flows. The

following are techniques to consider: a) matching currency cash flows b) risk-sharing

agreements c) back-to-back or parallel loans Answer: