Research investigators often follow their intuition in an exploratory study.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following statements about the interpretation of correlations is NOT true?
a. Just because two variables are correlated doesn’t mean that one necessarily caused the
other.
b. There is nothing in correlation analysis that can be used to establish causality.
c. When you obtain a statistically significant correlation coefficient between two
variables, you can safely assume that one variable caused another.
d. All that analytical procedures can do is measure the nature and degree of association
between variables.
e. Statements of causality must come from underlying knowledge and theories about the
phenomena under investigation.
Nonprobability sampling is an objective procedure in which the probability of selection
for the population units can be determined.
a. True
b. False
Refer to Scenario 18.3. The above table is an example of
a. one-way classification.
b. cross tabulation.
c. one-way tabulation.
d. four-way classification.
e. three-way cross tabulation.
With an interval scale, the researcher can determine mean scores on measures in
addition to median and modal scales.
a. True
b. False
Type I error
a. occurs when a true null hypothesis is rejected.
b. is usually referred to as significance level.
c. is symbolized by alpha.
d. a, b, and c.
e. None of the above are correct.
Which of the following is NOT a recommended guideline for the presentation of tables
in the body of the written report?
a. Order the columns or rows in the table by some measure of size.
b. Put the numbers to be compared into columns rather than rows.
c. Give brief verbal summaries of each table.
d. Put the numbers to be compared into rows rather than columns.
e. Round all numbers to two effective digits.
Refer to Scenario 1. What is the average number of televisions per household?
a. 2.00
b. 1.85
c. 1.52
d. 2.25
e. 2.74
Refer to Scenario 17.2. Using the data provided, the calculated value of χ2=
a. 0.883
b. 36.30
c. 11.95
d. -0.542
e. Not enough information is provided to calculate the value.
The NFL office discovered data covering attendance at professional football games in
the late 1940s and early
1950s. The game with the highest attendance was between the St. Louis Cardinals and
the New York Giants. The office also found considerable information that someone had
collected on each game day such as the level of GDP, the Dow, numbers of persons
employed, number of new businesses formed during the week preceding the game,
and the population. A student intern took the information and built a regression model
to predict game attendance for the upcoming season. The model should
a. accurately predict game attendance.
b. NOT predict game attendance accurately because the variable levels of today (i.e.,
population, Dow, etc.) are out of range of those used to build the regression model.
c. predict game attendance accurately because the variable levels of today (i.e.,
population, Dow, etc.) are out of range of those used to build the regression model.
d. predict game attendance accurately because the variable levels (i.e., population, Dow,
etc.) are within range of those used to build the regression model.
e. None of the above.
Serendipity, or chance ideas, as a source of marketing research problems, might arise
from:
a. Customer complaint letters
b. Salesperson’s call reports
c. Comments in trade publications
d. Customer calls to toll-free service assistance centers.
e. All of the above are sources of chance ideas.
Unstructured observation is used:
a. For studies in which hypotheses are to be tested.
b. For studies in which flexibility is allowed in terms of what is noted and recorded.
c. For studies in which the categories that will be used to analyze the situation have
been specified beforehand.
d. Only for disguised studies.
e. Only for undisguised studies.
Which method of obtaining a response is best for questions that may need explaining or
when respondents need to explain their answers?
a. Inbound surveys
b. Mail surveys
c. Personal interviews
d. Online surveys
e. All of the above statements are true.
In a recent McDonald’s survey about new menu items, one question is, “How much do
you like the sugar-free apple pies? Check one: dislike, dislike slightly, do not dislike or
like, like slightly, like a great deal.” This is an example of a(n) question.
a. open-ended
b. double-barreled
c. dichotomous
d. fixed-alternative response
e. Both a and d.
Which of the following types of primary data can be measured by observation?
a. Attitudes and opinions
b. Motivations and present behavior
c. Gender and current behavior
d. Social class and gender
e. Motivations and intentions
A research report is NOT
a. clear if it provides all the information the readers need in a language they understand.
b. incomplete when it is brief.
c. determined by the reader’s interest and abilities.
d. capable of generating inaccuracies due to inept phrasing, illogical reasoning, and
mishandling of the data.
e. hard to tailor to a group of executives.
Suppose the ordinary least-squares approach to a regression analysis produced the
following Y = 20 – 39X R2= .90 Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. For every unit change in X there is a corresponding negative change in the average
value of Y of 39 units. b. 90 percent of the variation in Y is associated with variation in
X.
c. The slope of the line is 20.
d. The average value of Y given x = 10 is 370.
e. If X = 0, then Y = 20.
After John purchased his new car, the car dealer sent him a new owner satisfaction
survey, which consisted of several statements about his car, which John was to indicate
agreement or disagreement with by checking the appropriate boxes. This survey is
a. unstructured-undisguised.
b. structured-disguised.
c. sentence completion.
d. structured-undisguised.
e. word association.