Principle-based ethics direct us to consider the moral character of individuals and how
various character traits can contribute to, or obstruct a happy and meaningful human
life.
The ‘feasibility’ approach to standards allows OSHA to make tradeoffs between health
and economics.
Ethical values are personal codes of ethics that ensure that individually, a person meets
his or her standards of well-being.
Ethics refers to how human beings should properly live their lives.
A person who acts in a way that is based upon a careful consideration of the facts has
acted in a more ethically responsible way than a person who acts without deliberation.
Utilitarianism is a social philosophy that opposes policies that aim to benefit only a
small social, economic, or political minority.
The regulatory model assumes that economic growth is environmentally and ethically
benign.
Employees have a right to a minimum wage, equal opportunity, and to bargain
collectively as part of a union. These rights are examples of contractual agreements
with employers.
Under a contract model, the duties that a person owes are not merely those explicitly
promised to another party, but also those that are implied.
The COSO controls and the Sarbanes-Oxley requirements must be supported by a
culture of accountability.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is intended to provide protection where oversight did not
previously exist.
The life of one who dies in a workplace accident has instrumental value that can be
measured, in part, by the lost wages that would have been earned had that person lived.
The philanthropic model holds that business has no strict obligation to contribute to
social causes.
Reputation management refers to the practice of caring for the ‘image’ of a firm.
A large boost in share price decreases a firm’s equity leverage for external expansion.
Laying-off of employees is one of the slowest ways to increase stock price.
The sustainability version of corporate social responsibility suggests that the long-term
financial well-being of every firm is directly tied to questions of how the firm both
affects and is affected by the natural environment.
Philosophers often emphasize that ethics is _____, which means that it deals with a
person’s reasoning about how he or she should act.
a. normative
b. descriptive
c. stipulative
d. persuasive
Which of the following would hold a business liable for groundwater contamination
caused by its products even years after they had been buried in a landfill?
a. ‘Backcast’ model
b. ‘Eco-efficiency’ model
c. ‘Take-make-waste’ model
d. ‘Cradle-to-grave’ model
Which of the following is an essential element in establishing an ethical leadership?
a. The end or objective toward which the leader leads
b. The prevailing culture in the external environment
c. The ethical nature of the team members
d. The personality traits of the team members
Which of the following statements is true about negligence?
a. It is not a central component of tort law.
b. One can be negligent by doing something that one should not.
c. One cannot be held negligent by failing to do something that one should have done.
d. It excludes acts of both commission and omission.
Which omission occurs when decision makers fail to notice gradual variations over
time?
a. Inattentional blindness
b. Incremental blindness
c. Change blindness
d. Normative myopia
Title II of the USA PATRIOT Act provides roving surveillance authority under the:
a. Federal Information Security Management Act to track website access of individuals.
b. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to track individuals.
c. Electronic Communications Surveillance Act to track business transactions.
d. International Surveillance of Terrorists Act to track individuals in countries with
diplomatic relations.
Which among the following is a legal right?
a. The right to select a specific health care package
b. The right to bargain collectively as part of a union
c. The right to select a particular pension fund
d. The right to select the number of paid holidays
Which of the following is a criticism of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act?
a. It excludes requirements for certification of documents by officers.
b. It imposes extraordinary financial costs on the firms.
c. It does not require lawyers to report concerns of wrongdoing if not addressed.
d. It does not require codes of ethics for senior financial officers.
If the basis for finding an invasion of privacy is often the employee’s legitimate and
reasonable expectation of privacy, then a situation where there is no real expectation of
privacy occurs when the:
a. employee has actual notice.
b. employer is covered under the ECPA.
c. work requires transference of sensitive data.
d. employee belongs to a minority group.
Most statutes or common law decisions provide for employer defenses for all of the
following EXCEPT:
a. those rules that are reasonable and rationally related to the employment activities of a
particular employee.
b. those rules that treat one group differently from another considering lifestyle
practices.
c. those rules that are necessary to avoid a conflict of interest or the appearance of
conflict of interest.
d. those rules that constitute a ‘bona fide occupational requirement.’
Identify the duty of obedience according to which board members should strive toward
corporate objectives, and are not permitted to act in a way that is inconsistent with the
central goals of the organization?
a. Duty of care
b. Duty of good faith
c. Duty of candor
d. Duty of loyalty
An individual who argues that firms should be managed for the sole benefit of
stockholders is defending the:
a. philanthropic model of CSR.
b. social web model of CSR.
c. integrative model of CSR.
d. economic model of CSR.
The _____ model of CSR holds that, like individuals, business is free to contribute to
social causes as a matter of philanthropy, and business has no strict obligation to
contribute to social causes; but it can be a good thing when they do so.
a. economic
b. social web
c. philanthropic
d. integrative
According to Immanuel Kant, there is essentially one fundamental moral duty:
a. to treat people as objects that exist for our purposes.
b. to consider the consequence of our actions.
c. to treat each person as an end in themselves.
d. to do whatever we choose to do to another person.
When would a values-based culture rely on the personal integrity of its workforce for
making decisions?
a. In situations where the rules of the organization do not apply
b. When legal bodies are empowered to monitor compliance
c. In situations where rules are applicable to make decisions
d. In situations where a set of principles should be enforced
Some employers might decide to treat employees well as a means to produce greater
workplace harmony and productivity. This approach is reminiscent of _____ ethics.
a. deontological
b. utilitarian
c. normative
d. Kantian
The ‘˜Tripartite’ part of the Tripartite Declaration of Principles Concerning
Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy refers to critical cooperation necessary
from all of the following except:
a. governments.
b. employers’ and workers’ organizations.
c. multinational enterprises involved.
d. the suppliers and agents associated with the firm.
What is the difference between virtue ethics and principle-based ethics?
a. Virtue ethics is based on character traits, whereas principle-based ethics is based on a
set of rules.
b. Virtue ethics is based on the consequences of actions, whereas principle-based ethics
is based on character traits.
c. Virtue ethics is based on set of rules, whereas principle-based ethics is based on
consequences of actions.
d. Virtue ethics is based on producing the greater good, whereas principle-based ethics
is based on self-interest.
Normative disciplines presuppose some underlying _____.
What is the test for ethical legitimacy in philosophical ethics?
How does a free and competitive market help in attaining utilitarian goals?
In 1970, the U.S. Congress established the _____ and charged it with establishing
workplace health and safety standards.
Briefly discuss the USA PATRIOT Act with regard to September 11, 2001.
_____ is commonly identified with the principle of ‘maximize the overall good’ or, in a
slightly different version, of producing ‘the greatest good for the greatest number.’
Explain how the ethical decision-making process does not end with making a decision.