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The use of screen and frame titles, well-defined areas on reports and forms, and good
field labels apply to the interface design principle of content awareness.
Part of the process of creating CRC cards is role-playing them, where individuals
perform the operations for the class on the card.
Document analysis and observation are commonly used for understanding the As-Is
system because they are useful for obtaining facts.
Conditions on conditional messages in communication diagrams are placed in [ ]
symbols.
The role of the project manager includes managing the team members, developing the
project plan, assigning resources and serving as the primary point of contact for people
outside the project team.
The presenter role in a walkthrough team is more important than the role maintenance
oracle.
If in-house experience exists for all the functional and technical needs of the new
system, it will be easier to outsource the building of the system, because the company
employees with those skills will be able to quickly learn the new system with very little
training.
A good technique to help minimize conflict among team members is to hold team
members accountable for their tasks.
A derived attribute that is stored is shown on a class diagram with the symbol # before
the name.
Null values in a database are easy to interpret.
Lauren, a systems analyst, is concerned that she and the end-users at her company do
not have experience with a new scanner technology that will soon be implemented. This
identified risk falls under economic feasibility.
When designing user interface for mobile computing applications, you should not reuse
patterns that have been used for mobile devices.
For a walkthrough to be successful, the members of the walkthrough team MUST be
fully prepared.
Joint application design (JAD) sessions are specifically designed to improve integration
of information, because all information is combined when it is collected, not afterward.
The three key post implementation activities are system support, system maintenance,
and project assessment.
Questions on questionnaires should be open-ended to allow the respondent the freedom
to express his/her opinion since the analyst will not be able to follow up with additional
questions as could be done in a one-on-one interview.
Project teams are usually more concerned with how an existing infrastructure needs to
be changed or improved to support the requirements that were identified during
analysis, as opposed to how to design and build an infrastructure from scratch.
APS Systems would like to convert to the new system quickly. The ideal conversion
strategy for APS Systems would be a conversion style of parallel and a modular
conversion.
Events are the triggers that cause an object to move from one state to another.
Use cases can be used to document both the current (As-Is) system and the future
(To-Be) system.
A file that stores core information important to the business is an audit file.
According to leading experts in software development, the margin of error when
estimating project costs is 100% and the margin of error in project scheduling time is
25%.
Join nodes in an activity diagram are used to bring concurrent or parallel flows together
back into a single flow.
The highest proportion of potential adopters of a significant organization change will be
reluctant adopters.
A reference document is designed so the user can learn how to perform a specific
computer application function.
Most systems are not built to use the existing infrastructure in the organization, so the
current infrastructure rarely restricts the choice of architecture.
It is possible for an object to create another object, resulting in the message going
directly to the object, not its lifeline.
A pattern is a group of collaborating classes that solve a recurring problem.
The most common reason for schedule and cost overruns that surface after the project is
underway is scope creep.
Joanne, a systems analyst trained at this university, has been asked to lead a team that
will recommend a new data storage system for her company. After careful analysis of
the five divisions that comprise the entire $35 million company, Joanne's team should
recommend a end-user database management system.
Moving the attributes to a calling class when it is the only class that needs those
attributes is not a method of optimizing the design of a system?
Invariants are a type of constraints captured in object-oriented design
The function that provides the processing required to query a database and other logic
related to the data management layer is called presentation logic.
Scope creep is only a minor factor in projects running over schedule, and every effort
should be made to incorporate any changes into the present system if they would truly
be beneficial.
Class such as URLConnection (dealing with URL connections) should be handled in
the layer Data Management.
Object-oriented systems have three general types of cohesion: _____, _____, and
_____.
a. method, class, inheritance
b. method, generalization/specialization, inheritance
c. generalization/specialization, class, object
d. method, class, generalization/specialization
e. functional, sequential, procedural
_____ allow hiding everything in a system behind a visible interface, making testing
difficult.
a. Encapsulation and information hiding
b. Polymorphism and dynamic binding
c. Inheritance
d. Reuse
e. Object-oriented development processes
Steve Krug provides us with a set of guiding principles for web usability. Find one of
the principles in the following list
a. The user should never have to think about how to navigate the user interface.
b. Using more clicking instead of typing.
c. Using more texts in the interface
d. Using more voice recognition feature as possible.
e. Be consistent to other similar applications
Quarters, Inc. is a company that sells maps of the U.S.A. that have pre-fitted holes
corresponding to the recently release quarters with state emblems on the back. The
maps are display cases and collectors guides for families or individuals participating in
the program. Six months ago the marketing manager requested a new system that would
allow retailers of the maps to order them in packs of fifty over the Internet. Three
retailers are local and have volunteered to participate in a half-day evaluation of the
new system. The new web-based system is almost complete. As the IS testing manager
you have been assigned the task of testing the new system. Describe the four methods
for interface evaluation and make a recommendation on the appropriate method or
methods that would best fit the system described.
Operational costs that are examined during feasibility analysis include _____.
a. data conversion cost
b. development training
c. user training
d. equipment upgrades
e. initial consultant fees
Which of the following relationships describe the communication between the use case
and the actors?
a. association relationship
b. extend relationship
c. include relationship
d. generalization relationship
e. none of these
"A-kind-of" relationships represent _____ relationships.
a. generalization
b. association
c. aggregation
d. subsetting
e. vague
Which of the following is included as a basic step in a change management plan?
a. convert data
b. install hardware
c. install software
d. motivate adoption
e. write plan
The project champion is a(n)_____.
a. high-level IS executive who is usually but not always the project sponsor who
initiated the system request
b. mid-level IS manager who has the responsibility of controlling and directing the
development process
c. high-level non-IS executive who is usually but not always the project sponsor who
initiated the system request
d. senior member of the user group who participated in the RAD sessions
e. none of these
A development methodology that focuses on the processes as the core of the system is
said to be _____.
a. action-oriented
b. structure-oriented
c. process-centered
d. object-oriented
e. data-centered
Hofstede identified 5 dimensions on cultural differences. Which one in the following
list is NOT the dimension Hofstede identified?
a. individualism and collectivism
b. time
c. power distance
d. religion
e. masculinity versus femininity
An advantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organization can _____.
a. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit
b. build technical skills and functional knowledge
c. have developers climb the knowledge ladder
d. make strategic changes during implementation
e. save money on the purchase
A(n) _____ check ensures that combinations of data are valid, for example, does the zip
code of an address correspond to the correct state name.
a. completeness
b. consistency
c. database
d. format
e. range
Which of the following statements is true about testing object-oriented systems?
a. testing can be minimized since we are reusing parts of systems that have been tested
before
b. testing should be designed to prove there are no errors in the system
c. testing is more important than it was in systems developed before object-oriented
development
d. encapsulation makes testing easier
e. most testing techniques have been developed to support object-oriented development
A critical success factor for project management is to _____.
a. create a work plan
b. follow the three steps of project management
c. identify most project tasks
d. manage the hundreds of tasks
e. start with a realistic assessment of the work
Topics in the text documentation should be written from the viewpoint of ______.
a. the programmers
b. the users
c. the sponsor
d. what the system can do
e. the objects
The _____ is a dynamic schedule that logs and monitors all of the tasks that need to be
accomplished for the length of the project.
a. margin of error
b. project manager
c. project objective
d. timebox
e. work plan
The four phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle are _____.
a. analysis, gathering, modeling, and diagramming
b. construction, installation, testing, and converting
c. initiating, planning, controlling, and implementing
d. planning, analysis, design, and implementation
e. system request, feasibility, staffing, and construction
Function points are used to measure the estimated _____ of a project.
a. complexity
b. effort required
c. program size
d. time required
e. TUFP
Systems designed to handle multiple languages on the fly are ____ multilingual
systems.
a. ad-hoc
b. concurrent
c. versatile
d. discrete
e. global
In terms of levels of abstraction, which of the following is at the lowest level relative to
the rest?
a. system
b. partition/package
c. library
d. class/object
e. method
Hall identified several cultural differences, and cultural issues add a new wrinkle in the
management of developing a successful information system. From an information
systems development perspective, _______________ could influence the ability of a
team member to see (or not see) potential creative solutions that are out of the box or
affect a team member's ability (or inability) to understand the entire problem under
consideration.
a. time
b. context
c. color
d. language
e. geography
A server can be a(n) _____.
a. mainframe
b. mainframe, minicomputer, or microcomputer
c. microcomputer
d. minicomputer
e. low-end personal computer
The importance level of a use case increases for all of the following characteristics of
the use case EXCEPT _____.
a. the use case represents an important business process
b. the use case supports revenue generation
c. the technology is proven
d. the functionality is complex
e. the functionality is time-critical
Novice users prefer _____ while expert users prefer _____.
a. ease of use, ease of learning
b. ease of use, good layout
c. consistency, ease of learning
d. ease of learning, ease of use
e. ease of learning, consistency
SCRUM belongs to the category of system development methodologies:
a. agile development
b. rapid application development
c. structured design
d. waterfall development
e. rapid prototyping
_____ is the process of estimating the amount of data that the hardware will need to
support, so that the server hardware specifications are sufficient for the project's needs.
a. Indexing
b. Interfile clustering
c. Intrafile clustering
d. Raw data calculating
e. Volumetrics
Feasibility analysis may be defined as a(n)_____.
a. assessment of ability of the ultimate users of the system to accept the system and
incorporate it into the ongoing operations of the organization
b. determination of the extent to which the system can be technically designed,
developed, and installed
c. guide to determining whether to proceed with a project
d. identification of only the costs and benefits associated with the project
e. none of these
When comparing a use-case description to a use-case diagram for functional model
verification and validation, there must be ONE and ONLY ONE use-case description
for each use case, and vice versa..
If a 'student signs up for a class," which type of relationship would you use to model the
relationship between the two?
a. generalization
b. association
c. aggregation
d. subsetting
e. vague
The most significant challenge to project managers is _____.
a. lack of project management training
b. no one really understands how to manage a complex systems development project
c. the lack of tools that can assist in controlling project progress
d. unrealistic schedule demands by project sponsors
e. all of these
To avoid the classic design mistake of "feature creep," the analyst should _____.
a. not switch or upgrade unless there is a compelling need for specific features
b. increase the schedule to include learning time
c. move proposed changes into future versions
d. not use a design tool that appears too good to be true
e. use rapid application development techniques or timeboxing
Individual steps in a use case should be written in the form _____.
a. Direct Object, Verb, Subject, Preposition, Indirect Object
b. Direct Object, Subject, Verb, Preposition, Indirect Object
c. Subject, Verb, Preposition, Indirect Object, Direct Object
d. Subject, Verb, Indirect Object, Preposition, Direct Object
e. Subject, Verb, Direct Object, Preposition, Indirect Object
Describes the roles of and activities performed by the business analyst and system
analyst.
What is a cognitive map?
What is inheritance coupling? How can inheritance coupling be minimized?
What two techniques are best suited for gathering information during all three stages of
the information-gathering process (As-Is, improvements, and To-Be)? Discuss the user
involvement and cost, as well as the depth, breadth, and integration of information for
each.
Explain the three different aspects of a feasibility analysis.
What is meant by ubiquitous computing? How about the Internet of Things?
What are Hofstede's five dimensions of cultural differences? How could differences in
them influence the effectiveness of an information systems development team?
What are the methods used to identify improvement opportunities during business
process reengineering? How do the methods used for each analysis strategy affect the
outcome of the "identify improvement" process?
Jane, the head nurse on the surgery recovery floor, is going to place a request for a
system that will create a report from data already in the patient record system and print
this report to printers located just outside each of 12 patient's rooms and the central
nurses station. Jane feels that a graphical report that combines the patient record of pain
and pain medication received is absolutely necessary for the doctors and nursing staff to
make proper medical decisions concerning patient recovery. Nurses already record the
date, time, and severity of pain each time the patient complains or notifies them of
discomfort. The pharmacy nurse records the amount of pain medication administered to
each patient immediately after administration. Jane feels that combining these two
pieces of information will improve medical decision making and provide better care to
the patient. In addition, this method will increase the accuracy of reporting and reduce
cost. Assist Jane by completing a System Request.
Explain the idea behind throw-away prototyping? When is it appropriate?
Describe the most common way that the analyst organizes the interview process in
terms of structured versus unstructured, and also in terms of open-ended, closed-ended,
and probing questions.
Briefly describe the five different software layers.
Define cultural and political requirements. Briefly describe four key areas of cultural
and political requirements.
Assume an organization plans to launch a web-based order entry system that can be
used directly by customers. Discuss four cultural and political requirements that need to
be addressed when creating a system that will probably have users in multiple
countries.
Describe the custom development design strategy. Discuss its advantages and
disadvantages.
Explain the term Volumetrics.
