D.balance of payments surpluses.
16) the use of money contributes to economic efficiency because:
a.governmental direction of the production and distribution of output can be avoided by
using money.
b.roundabout production could not occur without the availability of money.
c.it is necessary for the creation of capital goods.
d.it promotes specialization by overcoming the problems with barter.
17) any point inside the production possibilities curve indicates:
a.the presence of technological change.
b.that resources are imperfectly substitutable among alternative uses.
c.the presence of inflationary pressures.
d.that more output could be produced with available resources.
18) (Consider This) Which of the following has been an effect of the U.S. government’s
ethanol program?
A.Prices for crops such as soybeans and sorghum have fallen dramatically.
B.Prices for beef, pork, and chicken have risen.
C.Water use has declined as corn is a less water-intensive crop.
D.All of these effects have resulted from the ethanol program.
19) An inflationary expenditure gap is the amount by which:
A.equilibrium GDP falls short of the full-employment GDP.
B.aggregate expenditures exceed any given level of GDP.
C.saving exceeds investment at the full-employment GDP.
D.aggregate expenditures exceed the full-employment level of GDP.