10) real income can be determined by:
a.dividing the price level by nominal income.
b.inflating nominal income for inflation.
c.dividing the annual rate of inflation into the number “70.”
d.deflating nominal income for inflation.
11) determine, other things equal, the effects of a given change in a determinant of
demand or supply for product x upon (1) the demand (d) for, or supply (s) of, x, (2) the
equilibrium price (p) of x and (3) the equilibrium quantity (q) of x.
refer to the above. an increase in the price of a product that is a close substitute for x
will:
a.decrease d, increase p, and decrease q.
b.increase d, increase p, and decrease q.
c.increase d, increase p, and increase q.
d.increase d, decrease p, and increase q.
12) The XYZ Corporation’s collective bargaining agreement indicates that it may hire
either union or nonunion workers and that the latter are under no obligation to join the
union. This agreement embodies:
A.an open shop.
B.a closed shop.
C.a union shop.
D.an agency shop.
13) if you owned a small farm, which of the following would be a fixed cost?
a.harvest labor
b.hail insurance
c.fertilizer
d.seed