Rensis Likert refers to managers as the __________.
A) Focal point
B) Trend setter
C) Leader
D) Linking pin
Which of the following is NOT a guideline that helps in developing more effective
relationships with the legislature?
A) Establish trust and build confidence
B) Develop an agency protocol
C) Ensure constant inquiries
D) Understand the legislative process
The word “Synectics” means:
A) Exploring synergy across cross functional teams in a public organization
B) Providing synergistic co-dependent support structure
C) Joining together different and apparently unconnected or irrelevant elements
D) Joining together similar ideas and connecting the dots to find a useful solution
External dimensions include:
A) Physical ability
B) Religion
C) Age
D) Seniority
Contingency leadership stipulates that:
A) Group effectiveness is dictated by employee commitment
B) Group effectiveness is not affected by the relationship between the styles of
leadership
C) The contingent group dynamics affect the results achieved by the leader
D) The effectiveness of a group is dependent on the relationship between the style of
leadership and the degree to which the situation enables the leader to exert influence
In order to create a culture of innovation, organizations often have to:
A) Hire consultants
B) Modify or create new myths, stories, language, and metaphors
C) Establish success parameters
D) Modify employee expectations
Rebecca, who judges right and wrong based on her internalized principles, is in the
________ stage of moral development.
A) Unconventional
B) Preconventional
C) Conventional
D) Postconventional
Projection is a mental process in which we:
A) Attribute or assign our own feelings, motives, or qualities to other people
B) Chart the feelings, motives, or qualities of other people
C) Ignore the feelings, motives, or qualities of other people
D) Influence the feelings, motives or qualities of other people
________ refers to the difference between the meaning that was intended by the sender
and the meaning that was decoded by the receiver.
A) Misunderstanding
B) Distortion
C) Misrepresentation
D) None of the above
The type of unethical behavior that involves deception, threats, fear, secrecy, and
dishonesty are known as:
A) Coercion
B) Situational manipulation
C) Psychological manipulation
D) All of the above
Equity theories present a model of motivation based on the notion of:
A) Organizational structure
B) Social exchange
C) Political relationships and ambiguity
D) Equitable relief
Social service organizations with workers with heavy caseloads have unusually high
turnover rates. This is an example of which of the following sources of conflict?
A) Personal differences
B) Information deficiencies
C) Role incompatibility
D) Environmental stress
Which of the following is NOT an element of Ott’s notion of organizational culture?
A) Organizational culture is made up of such things as values, beliefs, assumptions,
perceptions, behavioral norms, artifacts, and patterns of behavior
B) Organizational culture has a process of formally approving or prohibiting behaviors
C) Organizational culture is a socially constructed, unseen, and unobservable force
behind organizational activities
D) Organizational culture is a unifying theme that provides meaning, direction, and
mobilization for organization members
According to the tenet “the public interest is the aim, not the by-product”, the goal is
the creation of shared ________ and shared responsibilities.
A) Ideologies
B) Wisdom
C) Policies
D) Interests
Theory X is based on ______________ assumptions about worker motivations.
A) Conventional
B) Non-conventional
C) Modernistic
D) Reformatory
Which of the following researchers outlined procedures for using groups successfully to
introduce changes at both the individual and organizational levels?
A) McGrath and Altman
B) Schein and Bennis
C) Elton and Mayo
D) Hawthorne and Elkins
Which of the following theories of conflict holds that people evaluate their
interpersonal relationships in terms of their value?
A) Attribution theory
B) Systems theory
C) Social exchange theory
D) Evaluation theory
Texting and Twitter are examples of:
A) Wikis
B) Micro-blogging
C) RSS
D) Podcasts
Which of the following is NOT a reason that teams are more effective than individuals?
A) Teams produce a greater number of ideas and pieces of information than individuals
acting alone
B) Teams have higher levels of motivation and performance than individuals acting
alone
C) Team members are less likely to entertain risky alternatives
D) Teams offset personal biases and blind spots that inhibit effective problem analysis
Which of the following can you do as a manager to increase trust and engagement with
employees?
A) Increase employee decision making
B) Have a high degree of caring and compassion for employees
C) Be transparent in decision making
D) All of the above
Six-sigma performs at the level of ________ perfection.
A) 99.97%
B) 99.997%
C) 99.9997%
D) 99.99997%
According to Ancona, leadership has four specific capabilities:
A) Sensemaking, visioning, relating to others, and inventing new ways to get things
done
B) Visioning, relating to others, enthusiasm, and inventing new ways to get things done
C) Inventing new ways to get things done, encouraging the heart, visioning, and
enthusiasm
D) Sensemaking, visioning, relating to others, and enthusiasm
________ is the potential for influence, whereas ________ is the exercise or use of that
influence.
A) Politics; power
B) Power; politics
C) Authority; entitlement
D) Entitlement; authority
If people are given accurate and complete information about the nature of the work
prior to hiring, then they are more likely to:
A) Have realistic expectations but lower levels of job satisfaction
B Have unrealistic expectations and higher levels of job satisfaction
C) Have realistic expectations and higher levels of job satisfaction
D) Have unrealistic expectations and lower levels of job satisfaction
In general, the jobs that are perceived to be most stressful are those in which the
workers believe that they have:
A) The most control and responsibility
B) The least amount of control
C) A boss who offers minimal control
D) A boss who delegates all the control and responsibility
What is the first step in implementing a new information technology?
A) Develop metrics to evaluate the success of the application
B) Clearly define the goals and objectives of the application
C) Compare results to your objectives
D) Engage citizens and address short term issues
Which of the following may not be viewed as an attempt to manage and control time?
A) Withdrawing from others
B) Skipping meals
C) Sleeping less to work more
D) Spending less time with family
According to Vroom, there are three concepts important to understanding human
motivation:
A) Balance, expectations, and drive
B) Valence, expectancy, and force
C) Tolerance, opportunity, and growth
D) Temptation, control, and pressure
The motivation to be creative within people is influenced by:
A) Social environment
B) Cultural environment
C) Structural environment
D) All of the above
Public administrators should see themselves as public ________.
A) Guardians
B) Angels
C) Leaders
D) Entrepreneurs
Which of the following is not as assumption of Theory X?
A) People are resistant to change
B) Workers lack ambition
C) Workers are basically gullible and not bright
D) Workers are creative
Which of the following is not a source of stress on the job?
A) Organizational justice
B) Organizational environment
C) Intrinsic nature of work
D) Extrinsic nature of work
Mowday suggested that equity theories can also be applied to _________ exchange
relationships in organizations.
A) Social
B) Political
C) Economical
D) Cultural
“Groupthink,” a mode of thinking, occurs when:
A) People are deeply involved in an otherwise non-cohesive group
B) People get a chance to express their ideas
C) People form a group and think through the steps involved in the decision making
process
D) The desire for unanimity offsets people’s motivation to appraise alternative courses
of action
Which of the following is NOT an OD strategy or technique used to help facilitate
organizational change?
A) T-groups
B) Process consultation
C) Brainstorming
D) Survey feedback